Photographers, Photographic Companies

BIOGRAPHIES OF WASHINGTON, D.C. PHOTOGRAPHERS

& ASSOCIATED PROFESSIONS, 1840s – early 1870s

A Compendium of Data Gathered from Business and City Directories,

Genealogical Records, Legal Documents, Newpapers, Publications, etc.

COPYRIGHTED: PAULA R. FLEMING Please credit if used.

Version: June 2, 2024

* = Indicates biographies with interesting stories beyond mere dates.

GENERAL NOTES ABOUT THIS RESOURCE:

This is not intended to provide complete biographical data for individual photographers who worked in Washington, D.C. Its main purpose is to show which photographers operated in Washington, D.C., to track the transition of one studio’s operator to another, and to track address number changes when Pennsylvania Ave. was renumbered in 1870. This has mostly been accomplished by consulting Business and City Directories, Census Records, newspaper ads and notices, birth, marriage and death certificates, wills, probate and other legal records etc. In addition, when possible I have included life events and portraits to make the individuals more “human” and less a compilation of addresses and census record data.

This website does NOT cover all references to daguerrean and photographic activities in D.C. That is to say general mentions to photography, photographic activities, developments, etc. that do not mention specific photographers. Those can readily be found my researching various online newspaper resources using general photographic terms. It also does not attempt to reference photographers who passed through D.C. and took photographs, but did not have either a residence or studio here, although sometimes these references turn up in notices.

As time permits, I will add information dating from the mid 1870s onward for those individuals who continued in the photography business. Check on the date listed under “version” at the top of this list.

Given that Washington, D.C. was the capital of the country, and the Civil War increased the temporary population, for the most part, I have not attempted to track transient photographers who made stops in D.C.

Well known photographers with publications written about them have truncated information as that information is readily available elsewhere.

SPECIFIC NOTES ABOUT RESOURCES:

--NEWSPAPER ADS, NOTICES, STORIES:

~These items have been included to provide info. on addresses, names, services

offered, biographical details, human interest stories etc. This information

is tangential to the data being recorded in Business and City Directories

and basic biographical information.

~A complete listing of all copies of all ads is not possible. In the past I read

microfilm and made copies; now I use search engines. Not infrequently I

find on-line searches do not locate a goodly number of relevant items as

the OCR doesn’t read the text. No doubt some were missed.

~Ads sometimes ran for long periods, and in several papers, and extending into

another year. I have tried to give a date range for long running ads, but

could not make a paper-by-paper search for every publication of a specific

ad. I have started including the newspaper’s code for what are the paper’s

code for the length of an ad’s run. E.g., “apr11-3t” likely means April 11

was when the ad started, and it was to run for 3 times. This should help

researchers calculate the length of a run as I may have missed the first and

last dates unless they match the code. I have not always found the first

listing of an ad so these codes should be taken into account.

~I have abbreviated some standard words like “Pennsylvania Avenue”,

“Washington, D.C.” etc. within a quote.

~Sometimes I have tracked DC photographers to other cities and have included

news items about them to provide more information about their lives or

clarification when there are potentially individuals with the same names.

This additional information should not be considered complete.

--DIRECTORIES:

~Unless published in the spring, data was usually gathered in the year preceeding

the year of publication. Directories for 1867 reflect details collected

late in 1866. Thus while city and business directories are excellent tools

for establishing a person’s residence in a given year, this fact has to be

taken into account.

~There are no directories for some years, e.g. 1861.

~Only a handful of pages are available for the 1872 DC Directory. If I can find a

complete copy I will incorporate the data.

--ADDRESSES are all in Washington, D.C. unless noted.

~Number changes. Before 1870 buildings were numbered outward from the

capitol, down one side of the street and up the opposite, causing much

confusion as no logic. Starting in 1870 the buildings were renumbered

logically. An address in the 1300s was on Penna. Ave. in the block

intersecting with 13^th street, etc. Other streets were also renumbered.

What this means is that while photographers did move their studios,

sometimes there was only a number change.

~Georgetown addresses. Many street names have changed, some have not:

Bridge Street = M Street

Congress Street = 31^st St.

Dunbarton = Dunbarton

High Street = Wisconsin Ave.

Washington Street = 30^th St.

~There are many entries that extend beyond the focus dates of 1839-early 1870s.

In some cases I have included later information as it was easy for me to

gather. However, given the huge increase of photographers and the fact that city and business directories are rather easy for researchers to access, I have not transcribed that information here. Rather I have referenced Laurie BATY’S Directory of D.C. Photographers (“see BATY”; bib. ref. below) only to note an early photographer’s continued presence in the capitol. As she does not always note an occupation listed in the city directories, unless I know otherwise, I have assumed they were still in the photographic profession, but this may be wrong. I have not included photographers listed in her directory who started working in D.C. after ca. 1875.

~Brian D. Kraft created an interactive map of DC in 1858 which shows all of the

buildings. Many of the buildings have clickable markings to show the building number and who was associated with that address at the time. While it does not include business addresses, it does show individual’s homes (including photographers). It is INVALUABLE to see where the buildings were (North or South side), their relationship with each other as well as the Capitol and other businesses. This is the direct link: https://briandkraft.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=a7828ca399724552a699585d6f13e60f

~Regardless of Brian’s wonderful map, it is still useful to know the locations of

buildings w/o numbered addresses that include photography studios or
used as reference points for finding photog studios. These are also useful for buildings not tagged in his map, and those predating 1858. Some of these are:

~~ Brown’s Hotel: [becomes Metropolitan Hotel]

Pa. Ave. bet. 6^th & 7^th

Metropolitan: 364 Pa. Ave.

~~ Concert Hall:

Pa. Ave. bet. 6^th & 7^th, North side;

same block as Indian Queen Hotel;

few doors down from Brown’s Hotel;

Todd’s Hat Store is in same bldg.

~~ Davis’ Piano Store:

Pa. Ave. bet. 9^th & 10^th

[308 Pa. Ave., is between 9^th & 10^th]

~~ Duvall’s Building:

Pa. Ave. bet. 3^rd & 4 ½, North side

But 1851 it’s bet. 4 ½ & 6 [Whitehurst]

~~ Galt Bros./ Galt & Co.:

--Opens new store Nov. 1858 Pa., bet. 6 & 7th

--Pa. Ave. bet. 9^th & 10^th

[308 Pa. Ave., is between 9^th & 10^th]

~~ Gilman’s Drug Store:

Pa. Ave. bet. 6^th & 7^th

350/352 Pa. Ave.

~~ Indian Queen Hotel:

Pa. Ave. bet 6^th & 7^th;

Same block as Concert Hall

~~ Intelligencer Building:

511 Seventh St.

~~ Kirkwood House:

Pa. Ave. cor. 12^th w ; between 11^th & 12th

~~ Lane & Tucker’s:

Pa. Ave. between 4 ½ & 6^th streets;

424 Pa. Ave., near 4 ½ street [1865]

~~ Metropolitan Hotel [was Brown’s];

364 Pa. Ave.

~~ Odeon:

Corner 4 ½ and Pa. Ave.

~~ Steinmetz’s Hat Store:

Pa. Ave. cor. 13th

~~ Stott’s Drug Store:

7^th cor. Pa. Ave.

~~ Sweeney, Rittenhouse, Fant & Co. Bank:

350/352 Pa. Ave., near Brown’s Hotel [one door

West of Plumbe over Todd’s Hat Store]

~~ Todd’s Hat Store [in or near Brown’s Hotel]:

Pa. Ave. bet. 6^th & 7^th [one door East of Brady

over Sweeney & Todd’s]

~~ Wall & Stephen’s:

322 Pa. Ave., bet. 9^th & 10th

~~ Washington House [Beveredge’s]:

3^rd w, cor. Pa. Ave

~~ Willard’s:

Pa. Ave. cor. 14^th west

~ADDRESSES BY YEARS. I find it useful to see when photographers were

operating in D.C. and who their competitors were. Please see the separate

spreadsheet for this information.

--INDIVIDUAL LISTINGS: Individuals listed here are identified with the photographic

trade in city directories unless no occupation is given, in which case, “nog” = no

occupation given has been entered for those known to be photographers. During

the Civil War, many people became photographers, but after the war they resumed their original careers or turned to a different job. Those occupational changes are noted in the City and Business Directory listings.

Occasionally inferences have been made.

--CENSUS RECORDS:

~Census records are wonderful for tracking a person’s career, family and

movements. To insure the same person is being followed, when possible I

made sure several points of overlap were shared, e.g., birth date/place,

family, etc. Sometimes though some data does match such as birth place. I suspect census takers sometimes asked people where they came from and not where they were born, and the response was the last place the person had lived and not their birth place which causes confusion when tracking someone, but if other facts are in line I have recorded but discounted. Also people did not always give their correct birthdates, or census takers had to guess. Sometimes there are no points of data overlap and we have to take a leap of faith from tangential information such as location of studio, news story, etc. Regardless it is possible that “red herring” records can get intertwined with correct ones. I have tried to insure against this, but I can not guarantee all of the entries I have included. Those that I am suspicious of have been marked.

~Census records were taken starting on June 1^st of the relevant year

~The 1890 Census was virtually all destroyed in a fire, thus no entries from this

year.

--LIFE DATES:

~If no life dates are listed that indicates none yet found. Many names are

common, people changed professions and homes frequently making it

difficult to connect relevant birth and death records. Equally difficult

because occupations were regularly changed, is tracking people with the

same or a common name. In some cases I have made logical inferences

tracking a person and have included that data. When I could not make

reasonable connections, I did not include information. Information can be

updated or corrected as necessary.

~ In researching life dates I have frequently uncovered evidence of a person’s

whereabouts before and after DC, other events and occupations in their lives that I thought were important, or of human interest, and have included these as I saw fit or interesting. I have not necessarily included all information located, esp. if neither DC nor photography related. I have not delved deeply into the lives of people in associated fields, e.g. sellers of photographic equipment, photos, publishers, stationers, opticians, etc. although I have included some individuals who were tangentially important to some of the major photographers, e.g. John Mulvaney, an important artist, who worked with Brady and Gardner.

~Death dates, etc. Much information was gathered from Find A Grave which

frequently provided specific life dates, cause of death, burial location, and

obituaries.

--NEWSPAPER ADS, ETC. relevant to photography but lacking names are listed under

“Anonymous” These entries are useful in tracking when studios change hands by

using the addresses and years.

--GENERAL PHOTOGRAPHIC SUBJECTS COVERED IN NEWSPAPERS

~Newspaper articles covering important photographic events are listed AFTER

the alphabetical list of photographers. Only selected items have been

included.

~Photographic Association of DC—these items are after the General

Photographic Subjects appear after the alphabetical list of photographs and

General Photographic Subjects.

--CIVIL WAR PHOTOGRAPHY LICENSE FEES. These provide an indication of how

profitable a photographer was. Fees were calculated on annual income, or

prorated if only a partial year as follows:

Receipts less than $500 = $10

Receipts over $500 but less than $1,000 = $15

Receipts over $1,000 = $25

--PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS of photographers come either from Ancestry

family tree galleries, or wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographers_of_the_American_Civil_War

RESOURCES:

--General bibliographic references are listed at the end of this document.

--Monographs are noted within specific photographer’s entries.

--SEE ALSO my bibliography of Indian delegation photographers in DC:

https://www.flemingphotohistory.com/about-me/northAmerican-indians-early-photographs.pdf

FRAMES 236-238. This data has been incorporated below, but displays it in a

more compact format.

ABBREVIATIONS:

Ad = Advertisement

amb. = Ambrotypist

Anthony’s = Anthony’s Photographic Bulletin

BD = Business Directory

CD = City Directory

Cobb AG = Josephine Cobb on Alexander Gardner. See bib. ref. below

Cobb MBPGW = Josephine Cobb on Mathew Brady. See bib. ref. below

Craig’s = Craig’s Daguerrean list. See bib. below.

dag. = Daguerreotypist

DMC = Daily Morning Chronicle

DNI = Daily National Intelligencer, Wash., DC

G’twn = Georgetown

h = home address (also includes boarding)

Humphrey’s = Humphrey’s Journal of Photog., & Allied Arts & Science [also JofP&AA]

JofP&AA = Journal of Photography and the Allied Arts/ Humphrey’s [also Humphrey’s]

Kelbaugh = Kelbaugh’s Directory. See bib. ref. below

Kelbaugh Md = Kelbaugh’s Maryland Directory. See bib. ref. below

Leslie’s = Frank Leslie’s Illus. Newspaper

NAG = No address given

Nat. Repub. = National Republican newspaper

N.d. = No date

NOG = No occupation given

NYPL = New York Public Library [Photog. Id. Catalog]

(p) = Photographer

PAJ = Photographic Art Journal

P&FAJ = Photography and Fine Art Journal

Post = Washington Post

P.Times = Photographic Times

SI-Archives = Smithsonian Institution Archives

SI-NAA = Smithsonian Institution, National Anthropological Archives

Star = Evening Star newspaper, Wash., D.C.

Steele = Chris Steele’s web resource. See bib. ref. below

Wash C = Washington Critic

Wash T = Washington TimesWash U = Washington Union

[25 CENT DAGUERREAN GALLERY = see C.D. Stewart; Daniel Reed Stiltz; Frank

Steele Talmadge; J.J. Woodbridge]

ADAMS & BONTZ (George R. Adams & Jacob Bontz)

G.R. Adams poss. same as George Adams, which see

1862: IRS DC tax: $10 photo license fee; 460 11^th St., W, DC [Kelbaugh]

ADAMS & DUNSHEE / Metropolitan Daguerrian Gallery

(George Adams & Edward Sidney Dunshee)

NOTE: Adams and Dunshee’s Metropolitan Daguerrian Gallery was the successor of

E.C. Thompson’s studio. It was active only Jan. thru May when Dunshee sells

everything to Julian Vannerson and goes to Phila & Boston. However from May

to early Aug., Wilson & Co. run ads that they have taken over Thompson’s old studio over Lane & Tucker’s store at the same address.

1854, Jan. 13: Star ad [runs thru early April]

“Metropolitan Daguerrian Gallery, (Formerly Thompson’s)

The proprietors having purchased the above establishment would invite

the attention of the citizens of Washington and vicinity to specimens of

their photographic skill which have excited the admiration of all who have

seen them and which are admitted by artists to be unsurpassed if equaled

by anything heretofore attained in the art. Miniatures made in every style

equally as well in cloudy as fair weather. Equal attention is solicited to

our new style of colored photographs. Adams & Dunshee”

1854, Jan. 16: Star ad [runs thru January]:

“Adams & Dunshee, successors to Thompson, and making and

coloring daguerreotypes superior in beauty and delicacy of […] to any

heretofore made in this city. Pa. Avenue between 4 ½ and 6^th streets.

Call at their Metropolitan Gallery, and examine their work.”

1854, Jan. 28: Ad: “Popular Demonstrations. This emphatically age of

demonstrations, but one of the most popular and agreeable demonstrations we think of just now is that which tests the excellence and superiority of the daguerreotypes made by Adams & Dunshee successors to Thompson. Their gallery is over Lane & Tucker’s Store, Pennsylvania Avenue, between 4 ½ and 6^th sts. Give them a call and you will find that ‘seeing is believing.’ Jan.26-tf” [Star, p.3]

1854, Feb. 8: Ad: “Metropolitan Gallery—We can not too highly recommend to the

notice of our readers the beautiful stereoscope miniatures made by Messrs.

Adams and Dunshee, successors to Thompson. They are practical

daguerreotypists and fully understand the business which is evident from

an inspection of their productions. They give to their subjects an easy

natural position, the right tone of complexion, harmonize the lights,

manage the reflections, soften the shadows, and in fact give you a

daguerreotype which can not be equaled in this city, in proof of which

they will be happy to make a picture of any person, free of expense, who

would like to test their skill in comparison with rival establishments.

Remember the “Metropolitan Gallery,” formerly Thompson’s, Pa.

avenue bet. 4 ½ & 6^th.” [Star, p.4][Ad runs through March]

1854, March 31, 1854: Star:

“Something new. In consequence of the liberal patronage bestowed on the Metropolitan Gallery, the proprietor has made an engagement with Mr. Werge, an artist from London, by whose process daguerreotypes will be colored with a brilliancy and durability unattainable by the common method, and far surpassing in beauty of effect and delicacy in detail the finest paintings on ivory. To avoid disappointment, ladies and gentlemen are invited to make their engagements in advance and their miniatures will then be made at the hour designated. Metropolitan Gallery, over Lane & Tucker’s store. Pennsylvania Avenue, between 4 ½ and 6^th streets. Geo. Adams, Artist.”

1854, May 20: Notice: “Reader, would you not like to send your daguerreotype to

some absent friend? If so, call at Adam’s Metropolitan Gallery, and there you can procure superb miniature for a trifling su , inserted in a fine case, which can be sent to any part of the United States for 12 cents, by mail. Splendid Stereoscopic portraits made daily for 5 and $6. Daguerreotypes in fine cases from $1 upwards. No 50-cent pictures made at this Gallery. Call and examine specimens. G. Adams” [Agreement must already have been made with Dunshee to sell his portion] [Star]

1854, May 26: Sale of goods etc.:

“Edward S. Dunsher (sic) of Massachusetts sells all goods,

merchandise and goodwill he held in the Metropolitan Gallery, 2^nd story,

Lane & Tucker’s building, Pa. Ave. bet. 4 ½ and 6^th St.”

[D.C. Court: Land Records: JAS # 78, p.338]

[NOTE: Dunshee sells to Julian Vannerson, who continues the gallery.

Dunshee goes to Phila. & Boston. [Ancestry; Polito Mass. Photog.]

BUT Wilson & Co. place ads starting May 1 thru at least Aug. 10,

which see, noting they have taken over Thompson’s place on Pa. Ave. bet.

4 ½ and 6^th][Note: Dunshee goes back to New Bedford, Mass. In 1859

Benj. F. Jenney is working with him, which see]

ADAMS, ___ (?-?) (Child/Childs & Adams)

1865: Paid $3.33 tax for photography, Camp Barry, Washington, D.C. [Kelbaugh]

ADAMS, George (Adams & Dunshee / Metropolitan Gallery)

[NOTE: There were many George Adams in Washington, D.C. I was not able to

specifically associate any of them with “George Adams” the

daguerreotypist. He may well be the same as George Roszel Adams.]

1853: DC BD/CD – no entry located

1854, ca. Jan.: Adams and Dunshee’s Metropolitan Daguerrian Gallery was the

successor of Thompson’s studio. It was active only Jan. thru May.

1854, May 15: Notice: “Reader, would you not like to send your daguerreotype to

some absent friend? If so, call at Adam’s Metropolitan Gallery, and there you can procure a superb miniature for a trifling sum, inserted in a fine case, which can be sent to any part of the United States for 12 cents, by mail. Splendid Stereoscopic portraits made daily for 5 and $6. Daguerreotypes in fine cases from $1 upwards. No 50-cent pictures made at this Gallery. Call and examine specimens. G. Adams” [Star, p.3]

[NOTE: Agreement must already have been made with Dunshee to sell his portion]

1854, May 26: Dunshee sells all of the goods of the gallery to Julian Vannerson, who

continues the gallery. Dunshee then goes to Phila. & Boston.

[Ancestry; Polito Mass. Photog.]

1855: DC BD/CD no entry located; unsure of Adams movements; see George R. Adams

ADAMS, George Roszel (1810 – 1884) [Adams & Bontz]

NOTE: Possibly same as George Adams, which see.

1810, Dec. 4: Born: Georgetown, D.C. [Cemetery info.]

1850: Census: DC: Age 38 from DC, messenger. Lives with family including George

R. Adams, Jr. , age 2; and Jacob Bontz, age 66, from Va., NOG.

1860: Census: DC: Age 49 messenger from DC; worth $15,000. Lives with his family

and Jacob D. Bontz, daguerreotypist

1862: IRS DC tax: Paid $10 photo license fee; studio 460 11^th St. W, DC [Kelbaugh]

1862: DC CD: Listed as sutler; lives with Henry Bontz, auctioneer; h=460 11^th St.,W

1863: DC CD: Listed as sutler; lives with Jacob Bontz (photog.) and Henry Bontz

(auctioneer); h= 460 11^th St. W.

1870: Census: DC: Age 59 from DC, farmer; lives with family

1880: Census: Va: Alex.: Age 69 from Georgetown [DC], farmer; lives with wife and

son

1884, Nov. 27: Died: Alex., Va. of paralysis [Va. Death Records]

1884: Buried: Glenwood Cemetery, Wash., D.C. Sect. D, Lot 64, Site 2 [FindAGrave]

ADAMS, John (ca. 1826 - ?)

1850, July 5: Census: DC: Age 24; daguerreotypist from NY. Lives in ward four

dwelling #187 with others.

1859-1860: Daguerreotypist in Pittsburgh, Pa. [Craig’s][same person?]

ADDIS, JOHN A. (ca. 1827-1831 - ?)

NOTE: Could be the same John Addis, a Lancaster, Pa. photographer born ca. 1827;

died Sept. 3, 1887 Richboro, Pa. Bro. of Robt. Wilford Addis also of Lancaster.

[List of Lancaster Pa. Photographers, online]

ca. 1831: Born Bucks Co., Lancaster, Pa.

1863: DC CD: Photog. at 308 Pa. Ave.

1863, July 1: Civil War Draft: Registered as age 32, single photographer from Penna.;

at 308 Pa. Ave.

ADDIS PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY (Robert W. Addis & Antonio Zeno Shindler)

NOTE: See Robert W. Addis for more details.

1860: DC CD: not loc.

1860s: see also Addis, Robert W.

1867: Star ad: Addis Gallery 308 Pa. Ave., Shindler, photographer

1868: DC CD: Shindler, A. Zeno (Addis Photo Gallery) 308 Pa. Ave.

1869: DC CD: Addis Gallery, A. Zeno Shindler, prop., 308 Pa. Ave.; also ad

ADDIS, Robert Wilford (ca. 1829 – ca. 1873)

* NOTE: Brother of John Addis/ John A. Addis, also photographer from Lancaster.

Ca. 1829: Born Bucks Co., Penna.

1851, May: Advertised in Lancaster, Pa. [Craig’s, which see for more bio.]

1853: Baltimore, Md. [Steele, Pioneer Am. Photog.]

1855: Baltimore, Md. [Steele, Pioneer Am. Photog., which see]

According to Steele, Addis ran an ad Dec. 27, 1855 in the Frederick

Maryland Union, “Having completed my instructions at the Gallery of the

most Celebrated Photographist and Ambrotypist in the United States…”

His mentor is not named.

1855-1857: Frederick, Md. [Steele, Pioneer Am. Photog.]

1860 Census: Lancaster, Penna.: Artist

1862: DC BD/CD: 308 Pa. Ave; h=413 12 W.

1862: IRS DC tax: Paid $25 photog. license fee; 308 Pa. Ave. [Kelbaugh]

1862, Dec. 24: News: “Photograph of Mrs. Secretary Smith At The Hospitals.” We

have been shown a very beautiful specimen of photography from the art gallery of R. W. Addis, Penna. Ave. It is a large cabinet-sized photograph of Mrs. Caleb B. Smith, the good Samaritan in the cause of our sick and wounded soldiers. The perspective of the picture is an hospital scene representing the cots and patients, incident to the wards of our hospitals. Mrs. Smith stands in the front ground in a very clear and beautiful likeness. Carte de visite are to be struck off from the photograph and offered for sale, so that every soldier can possess himself of one. The plan was originated by some of the friends of Mrs. S., and we bespeak a large sale of the visite.” [DNR, p.4]

1863: DC BD/CD: 308 Pa. Ave.

1863, Dec. 8: IRS DC tax photog. license $16.67; 308 Pa. Ave.

1864: DC BD/CD: 308 Pa. Ave.

1864, Feb. 24: Ad: “Ten dollars reward. Stolen from Addis’ Photograph Gallery, 308

Penna. Ave., a single-barrel shot gun, with “R.W.” engraved on the stock. By sending the gun to the gallery the above reward will be paid and no questions asked. Fe242t*” [DMC p.3]

1865, May 15: Ad: “Furnished House For Rent. Five rooms and summer kitchen, fine

yard front and back. Very desirable location. Apply to the Addis Photo. Gallery, 308 Pa. Ave. my15 2t*” [Star p.4]

[Note: Notices of Addis staying at local hotels from 1865 onward, and in 1868 is listed as from NY, suggests this is his home for rent]

1867: DC CD: Addis Photo. Gallery 300 [sic; typo?] Pa. Ave.

1867, March 1 3: News: “We notice at the Addis Gallery, 308 Penn. Ave. (A. Reno [sic;

Zeno] Shindler & Co’s) a beautiful collection of photographs, among them

those of the Indian Chiefs, recently here and some beautiful portraits on porcelain which are a specialty at this gallery and are just now in demand.” [Star p.3]

1868: DC CD: Addis Photo. Gallery 308 Pa. Ave. [under Shindler’s entry]

1869: DC CD: Addis Gallery, 308 Pa. Ave., Shindler, prop.

1869: DC CD: h=2^nd E nr. C N

1870: DC CD: F between 6^th & 7^th SW

[1870: Census: Phila. Pa.: Age 41, no other data; same person?]

1871: DC CD: F between 6 & 7 SW; h=416 B. SE

1871, Oct. 7: Ad: “R. W. Addis, Photographer, 1227 Pennsylvania avenue. 1t*”

[Star p.4]

1871, Oct. 7: News: “The New Photograph Gallery of Mr. R. W. Addis, No. 1227

Penna. Ave., near 13^th street, advertised in another column, is worthy of liberal patronage. The proprietor has had many years experience in the business, and is well known in this community. He makes a specialty of cards and cabinet pictures in which he cannot be surpassed, as may be seen by visitors to his gallery.” [Star p.8]

1871, Dec. 9: News: “On Thursday, a little daughter of Robert Addis, photographist,

about thirteen years of age, while playing on the ice in front of the Wallach School building fell and broke the bones of her right arm. Dr. Ford was called in and rendered surgical aid.” [Star, p.9]

1872: DC BD: 1227 Pa. Ave., NW

1873: DC BD: 1227 Pa. Ave., NW; n=127 C NE

1873, Nov. 16: Died Wash., D.C. ; buried Congressional Cemetery,

Range 68, site 50 [FindAGrave]

1873, Nov. 21: News: “Sudden Death—A burial and exhumation. On Friday night last

Mr. R. W. Addis, the well known photographer, who has for some years conducted the Addis gallery on Penna. Ave., near 13^th street, died suddenly at his residence, 127 C St, nw, and preparations were made for the funeral, which was to take place Monday afternoon. The brother of the deceased arrived on Saturday night, and the family, being apprehensive that the body would not keep until Monday without becoming very offensive, made the necessary preparations for an earlier funeral, and the body was therefore interred at Congressional cemetery on Sunday afternoon—the undertaker (Mr. Burgdorff) being furnished with a certificate signed John Bray, M. D. Some of the neighbors and friends of the deceased thought that the cause of death should be investigated, and called on Coroner Patterson a few days after the interment, who caused the body to be exhumed, and it was removed to Mr. Burgdorff’s establishment, and a post mortem was made. Dr. Patterson, on inquiring of the family, ascertained that the deceased was in the habit of sleeping with his son, and retired on Friday night in apparent good health. During the night the son heard his father groaning, and attempted to awaken him, but was unsuccessful, and he called his mother, who sent him for a physician, and he called Dr. Bray, who lived next door, but before the latter arrived the deceased was dead. A very careful post mortem examination was made, and a very clearly defined case of apoplexy was found. This investigation results in entirely dispelling all suspicions of foul play, and the body was reinterred by Mr. Burgdorff.” [Star p.4]

1873, Nov. 26: News: “Nothing has occurred for a long time to excite so much

sympathy as the death of Mr. Addis. He was so genial, so pleasant, so kind, that his gallery was the resort of our ‘Photo-taking’ public. He has left many warm friends who loved him living and mourn him dead.” [Daily Critic p.4]

1873, Dec. 6: Notice: “This is to give notice that the subscriber has obtained from the

Supreme Court of the D.C., holding a special term, letters of admin. on the personal estate of Robert W. Addis, late of Washington city, D.C., deceased. All persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof, to the subscriber, on or before the 25^th day of Nov next; they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. …John Patch, Administrator, 627 Pa. Ave.” [Star p.4]

1873, Dec. 7: Notice: “The Addis photograph gallery, No. 1227 Penna. Ave., is open,

and the excellent reputation it has fairly earned is fully maintained by its present proprietor, Mr. Dillon, and his accomplished assistants, in giving its patrons truly artistic specimens of art.” [The Capital p.1]

1873, Dec. 17: Ad: “Wanted—A young Lady; one who understands mounting

photographs. Apply to the Addis Photograph Gallery, 1227 Pa. ave. dec17-3t*” [Star p.2]

1874: DC CD: 1227 Pa. Ave., NW; h=127 C NE [too late to retract before publication]

1874, Jan. 13: Ad: “For Rent—Rooms, front and back, together or separate. Inquire at

the Addis Photo. Gallery, No. 1227 Pa. ave. jn13 3t*” [Star p.3][This ad

runs for months]

1874, Feb. 1: Notice: “The Addis Photograph Gallery, 1227 Pa. Ave.—To make room

for the new negatives, all the old ones made by the former proprietor will be destroyed. Parties interested in the preservation of their negatives will please call.” The Capital p.1]

1874, March 9: Ad: “Wanted—A Girl to Mount Photographs. Must understand the

business. Apply at the Addis Gallery, 1227 Penna. Ave. mar9 3t*”

[Star p.3]

1874, March 13: Ad: “Wanted – At the Addis Photo Gallery, 1227 Penna. Ave., a

Young Lady to finish photographs. None but an experienced hand.

mar13 3t*” [Star p.2]

1874, Dec. 1: Notice: The Administrator of Addis’ estate has set Dec. 22 as settlement

day for the estate. [Star p.9]

1875, Nov. 25; DC Probate Robert W. Addis 7187 Letter of Admin. Filed and granted

with $2000 Bond. A.W. Bond 5, folio 215; Inventory filed Dec. 2, 1873,

AW Inventories 5, folio 138; Order of sale personal property Dec. 2, 1873;

Acct. approved Jan. 30, 1875 AW Accts. 8, folio 94

1875: DC CD: Addis, S. J., wid. R. W., 629 A, SE

1875, Jan. 4: Notice: “The Late Mr. Addis, Photographer.—Parties having negatives

taken by him (Addis) are informed that duplicates can be had at greatly reduced prices, in order to make room for the rapidly accumulating number of negatives of my own taking. I make this offer that I may know the negatives of Mr. Addis worth preserving. Parties interested will please remember. Dillon, Photographer, Successor to Addis, 1227 Penna. Ave.” [The Capital p.1]

ALBERS, JOHN G. (? - ?)

1867: DC CD: h = 286 7^th W.

1869: DC CD: h = 96 D south

[AMERICAN PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY = see Carvalho, S. N.]

AMERICAN PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY (Andrew John Russell & J. Y. Smith)

NOTE: Russell is the famous Civil War photographer who later worked for the Union

Pacific RR and photographed the last spike at Promontory Summit, Utah. Many

published biographies, which see. Nothing else found on Smith.

1866: DC BD & ad: 16 & 18 Market Space

AMIDON, Hollis (1808-1889)

NOTE: Started out as an upholsterer, took up photography, mainly a clerk.

1808: Born Rome, NY

1846, Jan. 24: His first wife, Mary died in DC

1850: Census: DC: Age 43 from NY; upholsterer

1860: Census: DC: Age 53, from NY; upholsterer

1862, Dec. 24: Marries 2^nd wife, Margaret Agnes Milburn, in DC

[She is photographed by Gardner studio = photo on Ancestry]

1862: DC CD: Upholsterer; h = 285 Va. Ave.

1863: DC CD: Photographer; h = 285 Pa. Ave.

1864: DC CD: [nog?]; h = Va. Ave., cor. 12^th W

1864: IRS DC tax: Paid $10.68 income tax; $29.05 on income, gold watches, piano;

h = 285 Va. Ave.

1865: DC CD: NOG, at Gardner’s Gallery; h = Va. Ave. cor. 7^th [SW]

1865: IRS DC tax: Paid $39.20 on personal property; h= cor. 7^th & Va. Ave.

1866 DC CD: Clerk at Gardner’s Photo Rooms; h = 285 Va. Ave.

1867: DC CD: Clerk [Gardner’s?]; h = 285 Va. Ave.

1868: DC CD: Clerk [Gardner’s?]; h = 285 Va. Ave.

1869: DC CD: Nog; h = 285 Va. Ave.

1869, Dec. 3: 2^nd wife, Margaret dies, in DC but buried in Glenwood [see 1875]

1870: Census: DC: Age 63 from NY; clerk

1871: DC CD: Clerk; h = 638 Va. Ave.

1874: DC CD: Clerk; h = 638 Va. Ave.

1875: Contentious legal suit over home property at 7^th & Va. SW, owned by his wife

Margaret; she dies w/o will; other heirs contest. See:

https://synody.blogspot.com/2014/03/alice-milburn-wood-vs-hollis-

amidon.html

1876, July 3: Marries 3^rd wife, Marcia Adaline Harrington Robbins, in DC

1880: Census: DC: Age 72 from NY; retired merchant; 709 E. Capitol St.

1889, Jan. 22: Dies in DC; buried in Glenwood Cemetery, DC

1889, Jan. 24: OBIT: “Death of Mr. Hollis Amidon.—Tuesday [Jan. 22] evening Mr.

Hollis Amidon, an old resident of the District, died at the advanced age of eighty-two years after an illness of six weeks. Mr. Amidon came to this city from Norfolk, Va., forty-three years ago and has resided here ever since. He at one time occupied a position in the Treasury department and later in the agricultural department, and represented the latter at the centennial exhibition. He was a man of rare intellect and contributed many articles to the press. He was much liked by all who knew him. He was a prominent member of the Swedenborgian church of this city, a Mason, and one of the vice-presidents of the Oldest Inhabitants’ association. He leaves a widow, who has the sympathy of a large circle of friends. The funeral will take place from his late residence, 709 East Capitol Street, tomorrow afternoon at 3 o’clock.” [Star]

1889: Probate Court: Will dated May 4, 1880; filed Feb. 21, 1889; filed for probate

May 4; probated May 10, 1889.

ANONYMOUS: [includes some generic entries without names]

1840, March 9: Ad: “Daguerreotype. An exhibition of these sun painted pictures will

commence on Tuesday next, at the Hall of the Medical College, corner of

10^th and E streets. The images seen in the camera obscura are made

permanent on plates of silver by the agency of light. All stationary objects

preserve their forms, in the most minute detail, with perfect exactitude.

The effect of linear perspective, and the gradations of tone depending

upon aerial perspective, are presented with wonderful delicacy on these

pictorial duplications of Nature.

A lecture on the art of daguerreotype will be delivered on days to

be hereafter announced, and the process of producing such pictures

popularly explained, and performed by means of a complete apparatus.

Tickets for the exhibition of the pictures, to admit one person, twenty-five

cents; for the lecture, demonstrations, and exhibition included, to admit a

lady and gentleman, $1.

Tickets may be had at Mr. Fischer’s, Stationers’ Hall, at the bar of

Brown’s Hotel, and at the lecture room. Mar 9-d1w” [DNI]

1845, Feb. 10: Ad: “Washington Daguerreotype Rooms. Portraits taken by a Lady.

Just opened over Stott’s Drug Store, a new establishment. The public are

invited to call and see specimens and witness the manner of taking

portraits. A superior style of colored pictures, and every rfacility of this

interesting art, will be presented. Instructions given, and best apparatus

for sale. Rooms second story, corner of Pa. ave., and C street. Feb21-

co2wif” [DNI p.20]

[NOTE: Lundgrin p. 14 notes that this ad runs for only a short duration.

The location is the same as J.H. Beck and Daniel Wolf’s gallery. After

this ad stops ir is replaced by ones of similar style and phrasing identifying

the operator as “Sylvester” which may, or may not, be her. Regardless she

was likely the first woman to take photographs in Wash.., D.C.]

1850, Jan. 15: News: “Portraits in oil, of any size, are taken in London, by a

photographic process, in sitting half a minute. The process is called Photo-prosopon.” [Georgetown Advocate, p.1][NOTE: This notice appeared on the same page as Smallwood’s Dag. Gallery notice]

1852, Jan. 10: Ad: “Store for rent on Penna. ave. The store at present occupied by the

Telegraph Company, on Pa. ave., between 4 ½ and 6^th streets, will be for

rent on or before the 15^th instand. Apply to S. Parker, Fancy and

Perfumery Store, under the National Hotel, Jan. 10” [DNI]

[NOTE: Might this have been rented to a photographer?]

1852, Aug. 3: Ad: “Fine daguerreotype apparatus complete at private sale. The

subscriber has for private sale a fine daguerreotype apparatus complete

which he will sell at a reasonable price, with the best known Voglander

[sic] object glasses, one of the largest size, and another of a medium size,

with plates, frames, &c. Any person wishing to purchase a complete

apparatus will do well to call and examine for themselves. A. Green

Auctioneer and Commission Merchantaud3-eod3t” [DNI]

1853, March 28: Ad: “To artists, dentists, daguerreotypists, and other. For rent, the two

splendid parlors over our store—the most desirable situation in the city for

persons of the above professions. Possessiongiven immediately. Apply to

M. W. Galt & Bro. Jewellers, Pen. Ave., between 9^th & 10^th sts. mar28-3t”

[DNI] [NOTE: Sept. 22, 1854 Stewart appears to move into this address.

Is it occupied by someone else in the intervening time, or just vacant?]

1857, April 9: Ad: “To artists and Daguerreotypists—A first class Daguerrean Gallery

in Washington City, on Penna. ave., on the same square with Browns’

Marble Hotel [addresses in the 350s] for rent, and new furniture and

fixtures for sale.

The building is new, and the sky-light has been pronounced by

artists one of the best in the country. For further information apply to

Wm. H. Ward, Attorney at Law, Wash., City. Ap9-3t*” [Star, p.3][This ad

also posted in October, 1857]

1857, Oct. 7: Ad: “For Rent—Daguerreotype or Artist’s Gallery and other rooms, on

Penna. ave., near Browns’ Hotel [350s block]. Apply Wm. H. Ward,

Attorney at Law oct6eotw” [DNI][NOTE: Ad appears through Oct. 19]

1857, Oct. 29: Ad: Eight fine rooms over Gilman’s New Drug Store, 350 Pa. ave., for

rent. Will be furnished, if desired, for any one renting them for the entire

session of Congress. Apply to Z. D. Gilman, druggist. Oct28-3tif” [DNI?

Star?][NOTE: These rooms may have become the photographer’s studio.]

1857, Oct. 30: Ad: “For Rent—A rare chance. Now under construction 12 large and

airy rooms, entrance on Penna. ave. with five-foot passage, with all the

conveniences of water and lights. The location is in the principal business

square of the city, and the rooms are well adapted for dentists,

daguerreotypists, offices, &c. …The whole finished and well lighted in

the most improved manner, after the New York styles. Wall & Stephens,

No. 322 Pa. ave., between 9^th & 10^th streets, aug. 28” [DNI]

[NOTE: This ad started ca. Aug. 28^th. Wall & Stephens posted another ad

on this day about their new buildings just opening a few days before

Oct. 30^th]

1858, Oct. 26: News: “Fire—Soon after one o’clock yesterday afternoon a fire broke out

in one of the rooms of Mr. Douglass Moore’s building, on 7^th street, between the avenue and D street, occupied by an ambrotypist. It was caused by the bursting of a spirit lamp, and caused much damage before it was subdued. In the room over that in which the fire originated three young women were at work in Mr. Moore’s employ. When the smoke forced its way through the floor they opened the door to go out; but the steps were on fire, and egress that way cut off. The ony escape was juming from the window upon a shed, by which one of the three, Miss Baggott, was considerably injured. Mr. Moore’s loss from the effects of the fire and water is estimated at about $1,000.

The Perseverance Company was early on the ground and rendered valuable assistance. The American Hose and Franklin companies were also at hand to supply all needful help; but perhaps the services of citizens in handling buckets of water from the puymp on the opposite side of the street were of as much utility as any other aid.” [DNI, p.3]

[NOTE: Possibly Venable’s on 7^th cor. Pa. Ave.]

1859, Apr. 27: Ad: “New Photograph and Ambrotype Gallery, 480 Pa. Ave., near Third

St.. Ambrotypes, Ambrotypes, only 25 cents, put up in handsome case.

Photographs, photographs, only one dollar for the first copy, and 25 cents

for each subsequent one. Good pictures taken in any weather. Remember

the number---480 Pa. ave., near 3d street. ‘Secure the shadow while you

have the substance.’ Ap28-1v” [Star, p.2] [NOTE: 480 Pa. becomes

Nephi Bell and Henry Turner’s studio in 1860. I’m assuming this

anonymous ad is their first notice of their studio. This ad runs through early July and is then replaced by a new one July 2.; it is reworded slightly in early 1860, again w/o names]

1859, July 2: Ad: “Grand reopening of the Metropolitan Photograph and Ambrotype

Gallery No. 480 Pa. Ave. This gallery, which has been closed for a few

weeks, for important improvements, will be reopened on today, 2d of July. Ambrotypes of superior quality and finish, also of excellent tone, put up, with case complete, for 25 cents. Remember the number, 480 Pa. ave., near 3d street. Jy2-tr” [The States, p.3][As above, this must be Turner & Co – Nephi Bell and Henry Turner]

1860, Feb. 7: Ad: “For sale—The good will and fixtures of a small store on Pa. ave.,

between 11^th and 12^th sts., north side, formerly occupied as a tobacco and

cigar store. Apply at the Ambrotype Rooms over Hodgson’s stove store,

7^th street, between H and I sts. fe6 3t*” [Star, p.4]

1860, Oct. 22: Ad: “For sale—Stock and fixtures of an ambrotype room. I will sell the

stock and fixtures of my ambrotype rooms cheap for cash. There is a good

operating room, with excellent skylight. Also, a splendid reception room,

well furnished, and everything that is requisite appertaining to

ambrotyping. Apply immediately at No. 324 Pa. ave. oc19-eo3t”

[Star, p.4] [NOTE: C. D. Stewart is at this address at least up to 1856; in

1862 it is the studio of the Duttons. Was there another photographer in

between or did the Duttons acquire it this early?]

1865, Sept. 12: Ad: “Photograph Gallery for Sale Cheap, on Penna. Ave., a good stand

with everything for use. Apply 53 7^th St.” [Star, p.2]

1865, Nov. 10: Ad: “For Rent—A handsome Photographic Art Gallery, in Lane &

Tucker’s building, newly and elegantly fitted up, and now ready for

occupancy. Apply on the premises to Chas. H. Lane, 424 Pa. ave., near 4

½ street. Also three pleasant and comfortable rooms (in the above)

suitable for offices. Oc11-tf” [Star, p.3]

ANTHONY, Edward (1819 - 1888) [see also Anthony, Edwards & Co.]

NOTE: For full bio. details see Wm. And Estelle Marder, Anthony: The Man the

Company the Cameras. (Amesbury, Mass: 1982) plus on-line resources.

1819, Jan. 31: Born New York City

n.d. Visited D.C. seasonally to make dags., later transitions to providing supplies for

others [Cobb; Taft]

1843: Washington, D.C. as photographer. Given use of Congressional Committee room

for private photography business (1843 and/or1844) [Taft]

1844: DC: Photographs John Quincy Adams

1844, May 20: News: “Mr. Edwards and his National Miniature Gallery.

We copy from the Washington correspondence of the New York

Tribune the annexed extract, in which merited commendation is bestowed on an estimable young gentleman, who, with his partner, has spent some months in this city obtaining daguerreotype likenesses of distinguished citizens for the laudable purpose of founding a national portrait gallery.

‘A most beautiful daguerreotype likeness has just been taken of

Mr. Clay by young Mr. Edwards, for his great ‘National Miniature Gallery.’

‘By-the-by, let me say a word or two, en passant, about this

splendid gallery. I have been watching the progress made all the winter by two young men, Messrs. Edwards and Anthony, in taking daguerreotype likenesses of all the great public characters resident in and visiting Washington. This has been done to form a great national gallery; and it is indeed a gallery worthy of the name. Go yourself, and tell your readers to go, over to this gallery in Broadway [in New York, but working in D.C.], near the American hotel, (whether those portraits are all sent weekly,) and feast their eyes. I see frequent advertisements of daguerrean galleries, &c. which are collections of likenesses of any body that happens to be left on the hands of the artists, but there we have the real materiel of a national gallery. Messrs. Anthony, Edwards & Co., have in their collection accurate daguerreotypes of several hundred persons whose names are part of their country’s history, and are continually increasing the number. Mr. Edwards has been passing the winter here [D.C.] and will remain until the adjournment for this purpose, so as to make the collection in New York as complete as possible. Appended to the likeness is the autograph of each individual, thus increasing the interest. This is the only gallery of the kind in the country, and as it costs nothing, should be seen by every one in New York and here. The only remuneration expected by these gentlemen for their great outlay of time and expense is the increased patronage of those who desire their own likenesses; and I am sure their modest request will be appreciated. I have examined the collections of all those who are eminent in this line in the country, and unhesitatingly pronounce their miniatures to be unrivaled in execution, in accuracy, and in scenic effect, and many distinguished foreigners here have stated that there is nothing superior if equal to them in Europe. The improvements in this art made by them this winter are astonishing, giving as they do all the strength and color of a painting with the fidelity of Nature itself. As you always have to foster modest merit and undoubted talent, I commend the gallery to your critical attention.’ ” [DNI, p.3]

1860: Census: NY City, NY: Age 42, stereoscopist

1870: Census: NY City, NY: Age 52, photographer

1880: Census: NY City, NY: Age 61, importer

1888, Dec. 14: Died, New York;

1888: Buried Greenwood Cemetery Brooklyn, section 160, lot 9989

ANTHONY, EDWARDS & CO. [Edward Anthony; Jonas Edwards]

NOTE: Craig’s says studio in D.C. opened in 1842.

1844, May 20: News: “Mr. Edwards and his National Miniature Gallery.

We copy from the Washington correspondence of the New York

‘A most beautiful daguerreotype likeness has just been taken of

Mr. Clay by young Mr. Edwards, for his great ‘National Miniature Gallery.’

‘By-the-by, let me say a word or two, en passant, about this

ARMOR, Charles (1845 or 6 – 1911)(also Armour)

NOTE: Primarily a portrait and sign painter, only tangentially a photographer

Ca. 1845: Born, Ohio

1850: Census: Cambridge, Ohio; Age 5

1860: Census: Wash., D. C.: Age 15, from Ohio; his father is a clerk at the Post Office

Dept.

1863: DC CD: Photog.; h = 603 H St., N

1865: DC CD: Artist; h = 313 8^th St., W

1870: Census: Wash., D.C.: Age 25 from Ohio; sign painter

1880: Census: Falls Church, Va.: Age 34; portrait and sign painter

1894: DC BD: Artist at 306 9^th St.

1911, Dec. 1: Died, Wash., D.C.; buried Rock Creek Cemetery, DC, Section I, lot 21,

grave 5; Tombstone dates 1846-1911

1911, Dec. 4: Obit: “Funeral of Artist. Body of Charles Armor Buried in Rock Creek

Cemetery. Funeral services for Charles Armor, a portrait artist of this city, who died suddenly last Friday, were held at his late residence, 615 North Carolina avenue southeast, this afternoon at 2 o’clock. Interment was in Rock Creek cemetery, with William H. Warner, Alvin Shuster, Dr. Garrett, George W. Tavell, Edward P. Jones and James Rock as pallbearers.

Mr. Armor who is survived by his wife and three daughters, Mrs. T. C.

Phillips, Mrs. C. F. McCutcheon and Mrs. R. W. Burgess, was born in

Ohio, coming to Washington nearly fifty years ago. He painted portraits of many of the noted legislators and jurists of the country. One of the products of his ability in the insignia of the United States which adorn the American consulates in foreign lands.” [Star]

AUBERT, -- [poss. Charles J. Aubert, engraver, NYS 1856-60]

1857, Dec. 16: DNI: Listed as watercolor artist at McClees studio, 308 Pa. Ave.

“[McClees Gallery]…M. Aubert, the artist in watercolors, stands at the

very head of this department of art. The specimens of his skill shown at

the gallery fully justify his claims to superiority.” [For rest of article, see

under McClees]

No other data located.

BAKER, FREDERICK S. (? - ?)

1846-1856: Daguerreotypist in Baltimore, Md. [Kelbaugh, Md.]

1868 DC CD: Photographist, h = 346 7^th W.

No other references located in DC

BAKER, WILLIAM T. (?-?)

1864, May: IRS DC paid $10 license fee; Camp Berry, DC

BALLANTINE, William (?-?) [also “Ballantyne”]

1857: Selling books [ad Jan. 5 starts Dec. 1, 1857]

1858, Jan. 5: Ad: Sellings books 498 7^th St. [The States (DC) p.1; ad starts Dec. 1,

1857]

1858, Dec. 15: Ad: Runs bookstore selling stereoviewers and copies views. [DNI]

1859, May 2: Ad: In addition to writing desks and gifts, he is selling stereoscopes and

an assortment of views. [The States, p. 4]

BARNARD & GIBSON [George N. Barnard? & James F. Gibson]

[NOTE: They list themselves as Proprietors of a gallery, apparently Brady’s. Photo #s

and ms. handwriting in same series as Brady’s.]

1862: Copyright photographs in DC [DC Copyright Register:

https://archive.org/details/DCTitlePages/mode/2up]

BARNES, William (ca. 1817 – 1880?)

1860: Census: DC: Age 43, dentist 43 from Maine

1862: IRS DC: Paid $15 photo license fee [Kelbaugh]

1863: DC BD: photographer 420 Pa. Ave.

1864: DC CD: photographer and dentist; 420 Pa. Ave.; h = 4^th East

1864: IRS DC: Paid $15 photo license fee [Kelbaugh]

1865: IRS DC: Paid $25 income tax [Kelbaugh]

1865: DC CD: photographer; 420 Pa. Ave; h = 4^th East & B N.

1866: DC CD: Not located; Gallery at 420 Pa. Ave. now listed under Christian S.

Georges’ name

1867: DC CD: dentist only; 4^th East & B N

1870: Census: DC: Age 53 from Maine; dentist.

1880: Death? Suggested w/o documentation, Ancestry

NOTE: There are several probate records for “William Barnes” in DC

court, 1883, none could be linked.

BARTELS, Hugo W. (also “Bartel”) (ca. 1832 – 1866?)

ca. 1832: Born Prussia

1853, Oct. 20: Arrival in US

1859: DC BD: Painter; 501 9^th W

1860: DC CD: Painter; 320 C north; h = same

1860: Census: DC: Age 28 from Prussia; NOG; h = 339 [prob. G Street]

Wife is Louisa, 28 from Hamburg

1861, Sept. 7: Naturalized Superior Court of NY; “ambrotypes”

1862: DC BD: Photog.; 441 7^th W

1862: IRS DC: Paid $25 photog. license; NAG

1863, July 1: Civil War Draft Registration DC: Age 32 from Germany; ambrotypist;

lives on 7^th St.

1863: IRS DC: Paid $25 photog. license; 262 Pa. Ave.

1863: DC BD & CD: Photographist; 441 7^th W; h = 448 7^th W

1863, Sept. 4, 18, 26 & 29: Ad:

“Hugo Bartel’s Fine Art Gallery--262 Penn. Avenue, where carte

de visites are taken of a new and beautiful style. Having recently added new back grounds and scenery to his Gallery, is now prepared to suit the most fastidious. Those in search of good pictures should remember the number—262, as his pictures are admired by all lovers of the art.” [Star]

1864: DC CD: Photog.; 441 7^th St. W & 262 Pa. Ave.; h = 448 7^th St. W

1864: IRS DC tax: Paid $25 photog. license; 441 7^th St.

1865: DC BD & CD: Photog.; 441 7^th W; h = 399 G North

ca. 1866: Apparently dies as his wife Louisa is listed as his widow 1867 onwards.

1867: DC CD: Bartels, Louisa, widow Hugo, 462 I st. N

1900: DC CD: Bartels, Louisa, widow Hugo.

BATES, Edgar Hall (1818 - 1910)

NOTE: Father of Norval E. Bates

1818, May 1: Born Fairfax, Va.

1850: Census: D.C.: Age 32 from Va.; Messenger; lives with his family including his

son N.E. age 7.

1860: Census: D.C.: Age 41 from Va.; Daguerreotypist; lives with his family

including Norval E. Bates, age 16.

1870: Census: D.C.: Age 52 from Va.; Justice of the Peace; lives with some of his

family.

1873, Jan. 8: Elected to Executive Committee of the Photog. Assoc. of D.C., and read a

paper on photography [Daily Morn. Chron., p.4]

1880: Census: D.C.: Age 62 from Va.; Book Agent; lives with wife and 2 daughters

1900: Census: D.C.: Age 82 from Va.; “Commission” work; lives with wife of 60

years. They had 12 children, 7 of whom are living.

1910, March 16: Died of old age (92) in Brooklyn, NY; buried Glenwood Cemetery,

D.C., sect. D lot 65

BATES, NORVAL Edward (1843-1920)(also Norvel)

NOTE: He is the son of Edgar Bates, a daguerreotypist

1843, Aug. 5: Born, Wash. D.C.

1850: Census: D.C.: Age 7 from DC; lives with his family including father, Edgar

1860: Census: D.C.: Age 16 from DC; lives with his father who is a daguerreotypist

1863, Aug. 4: Ad: “Lost—On Monday, the 3d, on New York avenue, bet 6^th & 7^th sts., a

gold breastpin with red coral set. The finder will be suitably rewarded by leaving it with N. E. Bates, Whitehurst’s Gallery 1t*” [Star, p.3]

1864: DC CD: h = 222 NY Ave.

1867: DC BD & CD: Photog. 516 7^th W; h = 222 NY Ave

1868: DC CD: Photog.; h = 222 NY Ave.

1869: DC CD: Photog., h = 346 10^th w

1870: DC CD: Photog. 469 Pa. Ave.; h = 1119 9^th nw

1871: DC CD: 1405 13^th nw, 469 Pa. Ave., nw

1872: DC CD Georgetown: 92 Bridge St.; h = 1012 16^th nw

1873: DC CD Georgetown: Photog., 92 Bridge St.; h = 1212 5^th nw

1873, Dec. 2: Elected to Executive Committee of the Photographic Association of DC.

1874: DC CD Georgetown: Photog., 92 Bridge St.; h = 827 23^rd St. nw

1874: Feb. 5: Read paper “Facts—Positive and Negative” to the Photographic

Association [Star]

1874, Dec. 1: Photog. Assoc. of DC elected Vice President [Star Dec. 2]

1875: DC CD & BD Georgetown: Photog., 92 Bridge St.; h = 1338 13^th St. nw

1875, Dec. 8: Elected Vice President of the Photographic Association. [Star]

1876 - 1880: See BATY

1880: Census: D.C.: Age 36 from DC; Photographer

[BDs & CD from this era not listed with these exceptions]

1881 – 1886: See BATY

1885: DC CD: Photog., 3018 M nw

1898: NY CD Brooklyn: Paperhanger; h = 59 Reid Ave.

[NY CDs not all copied]

1910: Census: NY Manhattan:

1915: Census: NY Kings Co. [Brooklyn]: Age 72, Decorator; Lexington Ave.

1920, May 6: Died Brooklyn, NY; buried Glenwood Cemetery, D.C., sect. D, lot 65

1920, May 8: Obit.: “Norval Bates died Thursday at his home, 836 Jefferson avenue.

He was seventy-six years old. The funeral services will be held this evening at 8

o’clock at his late home. Interment will be private tomorrow. [in DC]”

[The Standard Union (Brooklyn)]

BAUM & CO. (John Christian Baum & Daniel G. Simonds)

1868: DC CD: J.C. Baum & Daniel Simonds; 1^st w bet. Pa. Ave. and D n;

BAUM & KRAFT (John C. Baum & George Kraft)

1867: DC CD: [under Kraft] 102 E. Cap.

BAUM, John Christian (1821-1880)(Baum & Co.; Baum & Kraft)

NOTE: There are several John C. Baums which need to be sorted out. One in DC and

another in Phila., Pa. I believe the following info. is for the correct person.

1821: Born, Washington, D.C.

1847, Jan. 12: Marries Emeline Emily Larcombe

1860: Census: DC: Age 38 from DC; Tailor; lives with Emeline, a tailoress

1862: DC BD & CD: [wrongly John S. Baum] Ambrotypist, 498 Pa. Ave.; h = Va. Ave.

bet. 4½ & 6 w

1862: IRS DC: paid $25 license for both photog. and traveling photog. w/ receipts over

$1,000. 498 Pa. Ave. Wrongly listed as John “G”. Baum [Kelbaugh]

1863: DC BD & CD: Ambrotypist, 498 Pa. Ave.; h = Maine ave. cor. 3^rd w

1863, Sept.: IRS paid $16.67 photog license fee [Kelbaugh]

1863, July 1: Civil War Draft Registration: Age 43 born DC, tailor; lives 67 Maine Ave.

1864: DC CD: Photog., h = 67 Maine Ave.

1864: IRS DC: Paid $25 photog license fee, receipts over $1,000 [Kelbaugh]

1864, Sept. 2: Daughter Emma C. Baum born

1865: DC CD: Photog., h = 67 Maine Ave.

1865: IRS DC: Paid $15 photog. license fee; receipts $500-$1000. [Kelbaugh]

1866: DC CD: Photog., Pa. Ave. cor. 1^st w; h = 67 Maine Ave

1866: IRS DC: Paid $15 photog. license fee; receipts $500-$1000. [Kelbaugh]

1867: DC CD: NOG, 102 E. Cap.

1868: DC CD: Photog., 1^st w between A & B n

1868: DC CD: Baum & Co., J.C. Baum & Daniel Simonds, 1^st w bet. Pa. Ave and D n

1869: DC CD: Photog., 465 1^st w

1870: Census: DC: Age 48 from DC; photographer; lives with Emeline & Emma, and

Emeline’s father? John Larcomb age 82

1870: DC CD: Photog., 935 Pa. Ave. nw

1871-1876: See BATY

1880: Census: Phila., Pa: Age 58, tailor; lives with Emeline & Emma on 3939

Market St. [death cert.]

1880, Aug. 18: Dies Phila., Pa.; buried Fernwood Cemetery, Lansdowne, Pa.

1881, Jan. 25: Emeline died in DC; buried Congressional Cemetery plot R95/290;

Emma is also buried with her.

BAUMGARTEN, Adolph/Adolphus D. (1837-1895)

1837, Nov. 17: Born Hanover, Germany

1852: His father (and presumably all of the family) came to the US

1860: Census: Md.: Baltimore: Tailor age 24 from Hanover

1867-1871: Photog. in Baltimore

1868: DC CD: Photog. 335 10^th w

1870: Census: Md.: Balt.: Photographer age 31, from Hanover; his brother Morris is an

artist and portrait painter.

1895, May 12: Died, Baltimore; buried Hebrew National Cemetery with his family

BEACH, Albert H. [Henry? Howard?] (ca. 1821 – prob. 1865) (Paige & Beach)

* NOTE: See Paige & Beach for more items.

Ca. 1821: Born, Upper Canada [1850 Census]

1847: Paige & Beach at Plumbe’s [DNI, June 30, 1848, p. 3]

1847, Sept. 7: An Albert Beach is the plaintiff in a court case over a gold watch and the

ownership thereof. Beach claimed to have purchased at a pawnshop and won the case. Is this the same Albert Beach up to illegal actions, or a different person? See N.Y. Evening Post, p.2 for full story.

1848: Paige & Beach at Plumbe’s

1850: Census: DC: Age 29, from Upper Canada; clerk. Lives with Eveline [nee

Eveline B. Thorp] age 26 from N.J., and 5 month old son, Howard. They

live with many other people at 823, unid. street.

1850, Feb. 6: Notice: Post Office letters awaiting pickup includes Albert H. Beach.

NOTE: Has Beach apparently sold his portion of the studio and no longer

getting mail at that address. On the same page is an ad for the Plumbe

gallery only mentioning Paige, which see.

1851, May 12: News: “Charge of Swindling. On Saturday morning Officer Davis

returned from Baltimore, having in custody Albert H. Beach, of this city,

charged with obtaining twenty dollars from Charles Tomey, under false pretences, on Thurs. night, at McGrann’s hotel, on Penna. Ave. We learn that Officer Davis was instructed by the U. S. District Attorney to pursue the accused, if necessary, to New York. The arrest, however, was made in Baltimore. The prisoner was brought before Justice Thompson, who, in the evening, after due examination, committed him for trial during the June term of the criminal court.” [Daily Repub., D.C., p.3]

1851, July 3: News: “Criminal Court, July 3d, 1851. United States vs. Albert H.

Beach. Obtaining $20 under false pretences. Verdict, guilty. Ratcliffe for

defendant.” [Daily Am. Telegraph, D.C., p.2]

1851, July 4: News: “Albert H. Beach was tried and found guilty of obtaining twenty

dollars under false pretences, on a check. Mr. Ratcliff, his counsel, made

a motion for a new trial.” [Daily Repub., D.C., p.3]

1851, July 8: News: “A Sad Case. About a week ago the records of the Criminal Court

showed that Albert Beach had been found guilty of obtaining money under false pretences; and he was yesterday sentenced by Judge Crawford to the Penitentiary for eighteen months.

This man is, we suppose, about thirty-six years old. He was

educated to commercial business in the city of New York, where he

afterward held a profitable and responsible position in one of the first establishments. He subsequently followed the business of daguerreotyping in this city, with apparently very good success; and while so engaged, two or three years ago, married a most estimable and excellent young lady. To the surprise of many, however, he suddenly sold out his interest in the daguerreotyping establishment, and threw himself out of business for a time; but after a little commenced an auction store, in which his career was brief, as many who had come to know him predicted. His course was then rapidly downward, and instead of ‘swelling’ at the hotels he turned to lounging at the groggeries; and instead of trying to effect “transactions” at wholesale stores, his aim was simply to ‘d’ some poor fool out of a few dollars. Caught in one of these tricks, he has at last been sentenced to the felon’s punishment.

The end does not appear worthy his pains to reach it. What could have led him off? We can answer. It was not drink in the first instance, nor laziness; for although he was always in the way of temptation by the former, his desire to do well and his pride of appearance would have sustained him for many years; and in his business he made every exertion to succeed. But without the ability to repel the advances of a band of well-dressed and plausible gamblers, who loiter about this city, he suffered himself to be flattered, petted and enticed away by them, and vainly imagined that he was quite a lion in their esteem, until he suddenly found that they had cut his acquaintance, leaving him without money, credit, occupation, character, or any means of procuring a livelihood. After looking around him for a time, and making some feeble endeavors to get a foothold again, he gave up the hope, and resolved on making by the games that others had made of him. But he had not learned the mysteries of the vile profession, and only sunk deeper at each successive attempt to rise. He is now in disgrace from which but few are ever redeemed, and his family and friends can only mourn his fall.

We have not wantonly nor unnecessarily portrayed his case. The same men who caused his ruin are today upon the Avenue, arrayed in fine apparel, counterfeiting the manners of gentlemen, and patronizingly bestowing acts of civility upon plain business men and unsuspecting youth. Their first appeals are to the sentiment of vanity, and they who can thus be approached ‘are as easily led by the nose as asses are.’ The only safety for those they would court is to repel and resist them at the commencement of their approaches. The only security that any man can have from falling into the meshes of these heartless scoundrels is to possess so great a regard for virtue and honor, as to hold no communion with the practisers of things incompatible with them. Without this, no man is safe, whether young or old. We have known members of Congress, with gray hairs, to be coaxed into the gambling dens of this city, and so completely improverished [sic] as to forfeit the esteem of our citizens and their fellow members, by the forfeiture of the most solemn pledges respecting the debts they were obliged to contract. Why Congress and our city authorities tolerate such things is a mystery to all who contemplate the subject. We have never seen in an American city, north of New Orleans, so general a disposition to tolerate these hells,’ as they have been truthfully denominated.” [Daily Am. Telegraph, D.C., p.2]

1851, July 8: News: “Criminal Court. Albert H. Beach, convicted last week of

obtaining twenty dollars under false pretences, on a note, was yesterday

morning sentenced to eighteen months’ confinement, at labor, in the

penitentiary.” [Daily Republic, DC, p.3]

1851, July 14: News: “Albert Beach, aged about 36 years, was, a few days ago,

sentenced by Judge Crawford, of Washington city, to 18 months

imprisonment in the penitentiary, for obtaining money under false pretences.” [Alex. Gazette, p. 2]

ca. 1853, Jan.: If he served his full sentence in the penitentiary, he would have been

released around this date.

1854, ca.Nov.: Son Henry Beach born, Wash., D.C. [he is 8 months old in June 1855]

1854/Jan. 1855: Eveline and children move to New York.

1855, June 7: Census: Columbia, N.Y.: Eveline [“E.B. Beach”], age 25, her son

Howard, age 6 born DC; and her son Henry, 8 months born Maryland, are

living with her mother, and brother in law George Reed. They have lived

with them for 6 months. Albert is not listed.

1855, June 4: Census: N.Y., N.Y.: Age 36 from NJ; clerk. He is married to Mariah and

there are several children. Either Albert and Eveline got divorced/

separated, or this is another person with the same name and birth

year.

1856: Son Howard Beach died New Lebanon, N.Y., age 7, buried Cromwall-

Tilden Cemetery

1864, Jan.: Civil War: Mustered out. N.Y. 131^st Inf. Promoted from Sgt. To 2^nd Lt.

Co. D., NY, discharged [Same person?]

1865, Dec. 8: Died Phila., Penna. Age 46 [Same person?]

1865, Dec. 9: Buried Glenwood Cemetery, D.C. [Same person?]

BEALE, ___ (Seely & BEALE) [? Seely & poss. Aurelius Beale]

1866 DC BD: Alex.: 69 King St., Alex.

BEALE, Aurelius M. B. (1841 – 1920)

1841, Jan.: Born Bangor, Maine

1850: Census: Maine: Bangor: Age 7

1860: Census: Maine: Portland: Age 19, nog; Father is a painter

1863, July: Civil War draft regis. DC: Age 21, artist, single h = 510 Mass. Ave.

1864, Jan. 12: Marriage in DC to Mary P. Wood

1864: DC CD: Photog.; h = 510 Mass. Ave.

1870: Census: NY: Poughkeepsie: Age 30, photographer.

1880: Census: NY: Peekskill: Age 40, artist

1900: Census: NY: Esopus: Age 58, photog.

1905: Census: NY: Esopus: Age 63

1910: Census: NY: Ulster: Age 68, photog.

1915: Census: NY: New Paltz: Age 73, Ulster Co. Alms House

1920: Census: NY: New Paltz: Age 78, widow; inmate Ulster Co. Alms House

Admitted Aug. 3, 1914, destitute photographer.

Listed as “Aurelius M.B. Beale”

1920, Oct. 7: Died New Paltz; buried New Paltz Rural Cemetery, “Aurelius M.B. Beale”

BECK, J. H. B. (? - ?)

[NOTE: A.k.a., “J. H. Beck”. Possibly related to the Beck family of early photographers

in Philadelphia?]

1843: Ad : “Great Reduction! Daguerreotype portraits, upon the most reasonable terms

and in the best style, by J. H. Beck [notice, not J.H.B.]. Rooms over

Stott’s apothecary and drug store, corner of Pa. Ave. and 7^th Street. The

public are invited to call and examine the specimens. aug.16-2m” [The

Constitution, Oct. 22 p.8][Note: Ad has start date of Aug. 16, thus 1843]

1844, Sept. 5: J. H. Beck was elected as one of the Secretaries of the Young Men’s Clay

Club in D.C. [The Whig, p.4]

1844, Oct. 9: Ad: “Great reduction, daguerreotype miniatures taken in the neatest

manner and upon the most reasonable terms by J. H. B. Beck. Rooms

over Stott’s Apothecary and Drug Store, corner of 7^th st. and Pa. Ave.,

where the public are invited to call and examine the specimens.” [Whig

Standard (DC)]

1844, Oct. 22: Ad : “Great Reduction! Daguerreotype portraits, upon the most

reasonable terms and in the best style, by J. H. Beck [notice, not J.H.B.].

Rooms over Stott’s apothecary and drug store, corner of Pa. Ave. and 7^th

Street. The public are invited to call and examine the specimens. aug.16-

2m” [The Constitution, p.8][Note: Ad has start date of Aug. 16, thus 1843,

and runs to at least Nov. 5]

1845, Feb. 10: Ad: “Washington Daguerreotype Rooms. Portraits taken by a Lady.

Just opened over Stott’s Drug Store, a new establishment. The public are

invited to call and see specimens and witness the manner of taking

portraits. A superior style of colored pictures, and every rfacility of this

interesting art, will be presented. Instructions given, and best apparatus

for sale. Rooms second story, corner of Pa. ave., and C street. Feb21-

co2wif” [DNI p.20]

[NOTE: Lundgrin p. 14 notes that this ad runs for only a short duration.

The location is the same as J.H. Beck and Daniel Wolf’s gallery. After

this ad stops it is replaced by ones of similar style and phrasing identifying

the operator as “Sylvester”]

BECK, Thomas Jefferson Dorsey (ca. 1834 - 1893) (Dorsey Beck) (McClees & Beck)

* NOTE: His career as a photographer was short-lived; little has been found about

it. He was mostly a tailor. Not all articles relating to this profession have been

referenced.

Ca. 1834: Born Washington, D.C.

1850: Census: DC: Age 15, father is a school teacher

[1859: Date of photograph of 35^th Congress, by McClees Studio; pub. By McClees &

Beck]

1860: DC BD: McClees & Beck, 308 Pa. Ave. [Vannerson is still at this same

Address]

1860: DC CD: photog. 308 Pa. Ave.; h = 370 6^th w

1860: Census: DC: Age 26, merchant

1862: DC CD: clerk; h = E n cor 11 w

1863, July 1: Civil War Draft Registration: Age 28, single clerk; h = [?] Pa. Ave.;

And under name Dorsey T. J. Beck, same data h = E St. bet. 9 & 10

1863: DC CD: Salesman for Perry & Bro. (dry goods, Pa. & 9 w); h = 471 10^th w

1864: IRS DC: Paid $3 tax on income, NOG; lives at [E?] nr. 9; and $4.15 income tax

and $1 tax on watch.

1865-66: IRS DC: Paid $10 tax; Retail Dealer [tailor] 10 Market Space; and $13.30

manufacture and repair of Cloaks; and $17.76 for same; and $24.54 for

same; & $25.76 for same;

1865: DC CD: Machine sewing, 504 9^th w; h = 370 6^th w

1865, Nov. 6: Star: Moves his dress manf. and sewing rooms from 496 9^th to 10 Market

Space over Hooe Bros. dry goods store.

1865, Dec. 29: Star: Notice of co-partnership. Obtained stock of boots shoes etc. from

M. May, now conducting business under name McCallum & Co.,

partnership between A.T. McCallum and Dorsey Beck. 344 7^th St., bet. I

& Mass. Ave. May recommends them.

1866: DC CD: dress & cloak manf, 10 Market Space; n = 370 6^th w

1866: IRS DC: Paid $11.64 tax; selling cloaks etc. 10 Market Space

1867: DC BD: Dressmaker, 10 Market Space

1867: DC CD: Cloak maker, 10 Market Space; h = 385 E n

1867: DC CD: at McCallum & Co., 385 E n

1867: DC CD: A.T. McCallum & T. J. Dorsey Beck, shoe dealers 344 7^th

A.T. McCallum lives at 385 E n

[NOTE: A.T. McCallum was married to his sister Mary]

1868: DC CD: Sewing machine agent; 487 8^th w

1869: DC CD: Com agent 487 8^th w; h = same

1870: Census: DC: Age 36, agent sewing machines

1874: DC CD: Dressmaker, 302 8^th nw; h = same

1878: DC CD: Clerk, 302 8 nw

1880: Census: DC: Age 45, clerk at Capitol. Single lives with mother

1880: Star, Jan. 1: Elected Financial Secretary of Capital Lodge, I.O.M.

1886: DC CD: Clerk, 1330 NY Ave

1887: DC CD: Clerk, 204 10 w

1891: DC CD: Clerk, 204 10 w

1893: DC CD: Clerk, 204 10 w

1893, March 1: Died (committed suicide); buried Glenwood Cemetery Sect. F,

Range B site 25

1893, March 1: News:

“Dorsey Beck’s Suicide. He Shot Himself in the Head in the

Smithsonian Grounds.

Dorsey Beck, an elderly white man, committed suicide at 1 o’clock this

afternoon in the Smithsonian grounds. Beck, who was a man of about sixty years, with white hair and mustache, had been for many years employed in the lime and plaster store of J. T. Walker’s Sons, 204 10^th street. For some weeks past he had been in bad health and seemed to be very disconsolate, but today when he came to the store as usual he was rather more cheerful than he had been for some days. He chatted pleasantly enough with the other men about the place, and some time before he left and walked over toward the Smithsonian grounds. Before leaving, however, he took from a drawer in the office an old-fashioned revolver that had just been put in shooting order.

Entering the grounds by the 10^th street gate he turned toward the right

and seated himself on a bench, where he remained for some moments as though buried in thought. Then slowly drawing the revolver from his pocket he placed it to his head and fired. One shot was enough. He was dead before help could reach him.

The patrol wagon from the first precinct was summoned and the body

was placed in it and removed to the morgue. An inquest will probably be held tomorrow. Beck, who was an old resident of this city, was unmarried and had no family beyond a sister who is married and lives here.

The Act Premeditated.

Superintendent of the Morgue Schoneberger received the body and, upon

examination, found not a single penny in the dead man’s pockets.

Written on a billhead of the firm of J. T. Walker & Sons, was the

following:

‘This is no sudden or insane impulse, but has been premeditated for

some months. I am bankrupt in fortune—in feeble health and decided this

was the best way out of the trouble. I hope my friends and relatives will

forgive and excuse me for any trouble they may be put to. D. Beck.’

In his pocket were also found newspaper clippings of a nature to show

that the deceased had been studying the question of suicide. One clipping was a reprint of an article from the popular Science Monthly, written by Dr. Charles W. Pilgrim. It was entitled “Genius and Suicide.”

On the coat of the deceased was pinned a tag on which was written,

“Police—to the morgue,” and it was evidently put there by the deceased.

Superintendent Schoneberger prepared the body for burial and notified the

coroner of the affair.”

1893, March 3: Obit:

“Dorsey Beck’s Funeral.

The funeral of the late Thomas Jefferson Dorsey Beck, who committed

suicide on Wednesday by shooting himself in the Smithsonian grounds,

took place from Gawler’s undertaking establishment this morning, and services were held in the chapel at Glenwood cemetery, where the remains were interred. The deceased was a son of the late Rezin Beck, a popular school teacher in old times; who taught a school at the corner of 6^th and G streets northwest and was well connected in this District. The funeral was private, only some of his immediate friends attending with his widow[?], sister and other relatives. [Star]

1893, March 9: News:

“Wednesday, March 1—A man named Dorsey Beck shot himself

through the head with a revolver in the grounds of the Smithsonian Institution today about noon, killing himself almost instantly. Some time ago he was divorced from his wife, and for years had been a sufferer from rheumatism and a complication of diseases; and his friends say that of late his mind had been unbalanced.” [National Tribune (DC)]

[BECKMAN, Bertha Wehnert = see WEHNERT-BECKMAN]

BECKWITH, Elias Whitmore (1830 - 1905)(also listed as B. W.)

NOTE: He was a photographer in DC only during the Civil War, after which he moves

to Penna. and continues being a photographer until ca. 1880 when he moves back

to NY and becomes a farmer. He was married three times to women of the

Chamberlain family, two of which were sisters; the third’s relationship not traced.

1830, May 1: Born Sidney, NY

1850: Census: NY: Windsor: 20 yr. old, can’t read occup.

1860: Census: Pa.: Great Bend: Age 30 from NY; artist

1864: IRS DC: Paid $10 photog. license fee, 220 King St. Alex. [Kelbaugh]

1865: DC BD & ad: Photog. 220 King St., Alex

1865, June 1: IRS tax: Paid $25 photog. license fee; on King St.;

Also listed Beckwith & Co., Portrait Dealer = same?

1866, Dec.: IRS DC tax: Retail Dealer, 220 King St.; no $ listed

1866: DC BD: 226 King St. [NOG?]

1870: Census: Pa.: Great Bend: Age 40 from NY, photog.; lives w/ family

1871: Pa.: Wilkes Barre CD: Photog., Main & Gaylord Ave.

1875: Pa.: Wilkes Barre CD: Photog., [as Elias W.]; Main bel. Eno

1880: Census: NY: Fenton: Age 50 from NY; farmer

1897: Marriage Wash., D.C.: Age 66 marries Mary E. Chamberlain (age 46 from

Greenwood, Va.)

[NOTE: Appears to be his 3^rd wife from the Chamberlain family. He was

also married to and buried with Julia A. Chamberlain (d. Dec. 3, 1874)

and Samatha L. Chamberlain Clarke (Julia’s older sister; d. Aug. 2, 1895)

1900: Census: NY: Fenton: Age 70 from NY; farmer; born May 1831 [sic; error?]

1905, Dec. 20: Died Fenton, NY; buried Binghamton, NY. Gravestone lists birth

date 1830

BEHRENS, -- (brother) (A. Behrens & Bro.)

1863: IRS DC: Paid $25 photos. License fee; 389 7^th St. [Kelbaugh]

BEHRENS & BRO. (A. Behrens & ? Behrens)

1863: IRS DC: Paid $25 photos. License fee; 389 7^th St. [Kelbaugh]

BEHRENS, -- (? - ?)(A. Behrens & Bro.)

1863: IRS DC: Paid $25 photos. License fee; 389 7^th St. [Kelbaugh]

BEHRENS, A. (? - ?)(A. Behrens & Bro.)

1863: IRS DC: Paid $25 photos. License fee; 389 7^th St. [Kelbaugh]

BELL FAMILY & related studios

The Bell family of photographers is extensive. Charles Milton Bell is the most famous and as such there is a lot of data about him available. Only summary dates are included here, whereas little is known about other members so I have included what I could find.

Virtually all of the life dates are from various family trees and Ancestry. Here is a quick reference summary:

Francis H. Bell = Sarah B. Wood

Children: Wm. Hamilton Bell (1831-1897)

Jackson Wood [also Ward] Bell (1837-1918)

Sarah F. Bell (1839 - 1893) = Allen F. Hall (1832-after 1893)

[Sarah was not a photographer, but her husband Allen was]

Thomas H. Bell (1841-1866)[died in Paraguay]

Nephi Bell (1843-1862)

James Edward Bell (1845-1910)[not a photographer]

Charles Milton Bell (1843-1893)

BELL & Bro./BELL BRO.

NOTE: Partnership varies; See also Bell & Hall; Turner & Co.

1862: DC BD/CD: 480 Pa. Ave. [Thomas, Nephi & Francis?]

1863: DC BD/CD: 480 Pa. Ave. [Thomas, Jackson & Francis?]

1864-1865: DC BD/CD: 480 Pa. Ave. [Thomas & Francis?]

1867-1869: DC BD/CD: 480 Pa. Ave. [Francis & William]

1870: DC CD: 317 & 319 Pa. Ave., nw [Francis & Charles]

NOTE: In 1870 480 Pa. Ave. was renumbered 317 & 319

1871-1873: DC BD/CD: 319 Pa. Ave. nw [Francis & Charles]

1874: DC BD/CD: 317 Pa. Ave., nw [Francis & Charles]

1875: DC BD/CD: 319 Pa. Ave., nw [Francis & Charles]

1884-1885: DC BD/CD: 466 C St., nw [Charles, James & Jackson]

1886: DC BD/CD: 461 C St., nw [Charles, James & Jackson]

BELL & HALL [William H. Bell; Allen Freeman Hall]

1866-1867: DC BD: 480 Pa. Ave.

BELL, Charles Milton (1848 - 1893) [See also Bell & Bro.]

1848, April 3: Born: Fredericksburg, Va.

1860: Census: DC: Age 12, from Va.; lives with father, Francis, a gun & lock smith;

mother, Sarah, and brothers Jackson, Thomas, Nephi, and James

1868-1869: DC CD: NOG, prob. at Bell & Bro.

1870: DC CD: 317 & 319 Pa. Ave., nw; Bell & Bro.

1871-1873: DC CD: 319 Pa. Ave., nw; Bell & Bro.

1874-1876: DC BD/CD: 459 Pa. Ave., nw

1877: DC BD/CD: 459 & 461 Pa. Ave., nw

1878: DC BD: 459 Pa. Ave., nw

1879-1880: DC BD: 459, 461, 465 Pa. Ave., nw

1880: Marries Annie Colley, daughter of the proprietor of the Hotel Windsor

1881: DC BD: 459, 461, 463 & 465 Pa. Ave., nw

1882: DC BD/CD: 459 & 461 Pa. Ave., nw

1883: DC BD/CD: 459, 461, 463 & 465 Pa. Ave., nw

1884: DC BD/CD: 462 Pa. Ave., nw & 330 C St., nw

1885-1886: DC BD/CD: 463 Pa. Ave., nw

1887: DC BD/CD: 463 Pa. Ave., nw; h = The Clarendon

1888: DC BD.CD: 463 Pa. Ave., & 701 15^th nw; h = 330 C nw

1888: DC CD Ad: “C. M. Bell, Photographic Artist, No. 463 Pa. Ave., Branch

Gallery 701 13^th St., N.W., opp. The Treasury. Oil Paintings,

Photographs, Crayons, and water colors. Outdoor work of all kinds. Having one [of] the Largest Galleries in the United States, my facilities for producing first-class work are unexcelled, and satisfaction guaranteed on every occasion. C.M. Bell”

1889: DC BD/CD: 459 Pa. Ave nw, & 701 15^th nw; h = The Clarendon

1889, Aug. 28: Notice: “To Protect Inventors. The inventors’ and patentees’ protective

association with Chas. M. Bell, James E. Bell, J. Wood Bell, [and

others], as incorporators, filed a certificate of incorporation today.

The object is set forth to be for mutual benefit, welfare and

protection of inventors and patenees, [sic] to rouse and concentrate

at the national capitol the active influences and efforts of

invention, &c., and establish a bureau of information, &c.”

[Star, p.5]

1890: DC BD/CD: 463 Pa. Ave., nw & 701 15^th nw; h = The Clarendon

1891: DC BD/CD: 463 Pa. Ave., nw & 701 15^th nw; h = The Clarendon

1892: DC BD/CD: 463 Pa. Ave., nw & 701 15^th nw; h = Hotel Windsor

NOTE: He married the daughter of the proprietor of the Hotel

Windsor

1893: DC BD/CD: 463 Pa. Ave., nw & 701 15^th nw; h = Hotel Windsor

1893: DC BD: Ad: “C. M. Bell, National Photog. Artist, 463 & 465 Pa. Ave.,

nw. Branch Gallery 701 15^th St., nw, opposite the Treasury.

Headquarters for Photos of pub men, statesmen, jurists, Army &

Navy officers, etc., etc. & children’s photographs a specialty.

Watercolors, crayons, out-door views and groups. Having one of

the largest galleries in the United States, my facilities for

producing first-class work are unexcelled, and satisfaction

guaranteed on every occasion. C.M.Bell”

1893, May 12: Died: Wash., D.C.

1893, May 13: Obit: “Sudden Death of Charles M. Bell. He was one of the Most

Prominent Photographers of the National Capital.

Many friends will be saddened to learn of the sudden death

of Charles M. Bell, which occurred about 8 o’clock last evening at his home in the Hotel Windsor. Mr. Bell had attended the recent review at Hampton Roads, and there contracted a severe cold, which grew worse after his return home. Still his illness was not deemed serious, and he seemed to be improving until last evening, when he had a sudden relapse and died before a physician could be summoned. Mr. Bell was born in Fredericksburg, Va., about forth-five years ago. He came to Washington when quite a young man and devoted himself to photography. It was his good fortune to keep pace with the development of the art, and although a comparatively young man, may be considered one of the pioneers in this city. His collection of Washington views and portraits of famous men of the past twenty-five years is one of the finest. He had galleries at 468 Pa. ave and 701 Fifteenth street, and was a partner in the Bell Lithographic Company.

Mr. Bell married Miss Colley, daughter of the proprietor of

the Hotel Windsor. His wife and two sons, aged ten and five years,

survive him. The funeral will be held from his late residence at 2:00 o’clock on Sunday afternoon.” [Post]

1893, May 16: Obit: “Charles M. Bell, a well known photographer, died at his residence

in Washington Friday. He was forty-five years of age, and leaves a wife

and two children. The deceased was a native of Fredericksburg, and a son of the late Frank Bell, who moved to Washington city previous to the war.” [Free Lance Star, Fredericksburg, p.3]

1893: Buried: Oak Hill Cemetery, Wash., D.C., Stewart section, Lot 626 East

BELL, Francis Hamilton (1809 - 1880)

1809, Oct. 5: Born: Orange Co., NY

1840: Census: Va.: Fredericksburg: Lives with 3 males and 2 females, one between

age 20 & 30, thus Sarah, his wife

1850: Census: Va.: Fredericksburg: Age 40 from NY, gunsmith; lives with Sarah age

33 from Va., William Bell age 17 from Va. gunsmith, J.W. [Jackson] age

11 from Va., S.F. [Sarah] age 9 from Va, “Nephen” age 7 from Va.,

James E. age 4 from Va., Charles age 2 from Va.

1860: Census: DC: Age 50 from NY, gun and locksmith; lives with wife Sarah,

age 43 from Va., and sons, Jackson, age 21 ambrotypist, Thomas age 18

gun and locksmith, Nephi age 16 ambrotypist, James age 15 and Charlie

age 12]

1862: DC CD: Photog., 480 Pa. Ave.

1863-1866: DC CD: NAG, prob. at Bell & Bro.33

1864, June 13: Letter written by him to Sec’y Stanton attempting to procure release of

brothers-in-law: “Washington, June 13^th. Attn. E. [?, not “M”] Stanton

333Sec’t War. Dear Sir. Your petitioner being well acquainted with Thos. Manuel and Joseph Hall who are now Prisoners at Carroll Prison [a row of houses used as jail for political prisoners razed in 1887 to make way for Lib. Of Congress] in this City is very desirous of obtaining their release upon the grounds 1^st That they have both assured me that they have not participated in this Rebellion state bybearing arms against the

Government. 2^nd they are willing to abandon also their former predjuices

& take oaths of allegiance to the [?] of the United States & conform to it.

3^rd that when arrested they were at home endeavoring to comfort their

family.” [The rest of the letter including the signature was not copied by

the Bell family tree poster, nor was the location of the original noted.]

[The prisoners were exchanged – see 1864, July 15]

NOTE: Joseph Hall was married to Francis’ wife’s sister, Jane. He and Thomas Manuel was imprisoned May 25, 1864 in Spotsylvania Co., Va. as a confederate. [Civil War Prisoner of War Records]

--1850 Census: Spotsylvania: Joseph Hall age 33 carpenter, from England; living with Jane F. [Jane F. Wood, sister of Sarah Wood, who was Francis Bell’s wife], Emmett age 2, Medora age 1, and Elizabeth Limerick age 21 from Va. They live next door to Tomzin Wood age 58 [Jane Wood Hall’s mother], Thomas Manuel age 48 NOG, from England, and Mary A. Wood [another sister of Jane and Sarah Wood]

--1860 Census in Va: Fredericksburg: Thomas Manuel is age 50, NOG, from England, living with Mary A [Mary Ann Wood] and Medora Hall age 12 from Va., and Eliz. Limerick age 30 from Va.

--1870 Census in Va.: Fredericksburg, Thos. Manuel is 62 year old blacksmith from England, married to Mary A [Francis Bell’s wive’s sister] age 49 from Va.

1864, July 15: News: “For Exchange. This morning Thomas Manuel, Joseph Hall, and

Charles Wallace, citizens of Fredericksburg, and who were captured in the

early days of Grant’s advance and held as hostages for Union prisoners,

were taken down the river on the steamer Lizzie Baker, a special exchange

in their case having been effected. The prisoners were in charge of

Captain Clark and a guard of the Veteran Reserve Corps.” [Star, p.2]

1867-1869: DC CD: [480 Pa. Ave.] Bell & Bro.

1869: Stereo photos © 1869 by F. H. Bell of Bell & Bro.

1870: DC CD: 317 Pa. Ave., nw; Bell & Bro.

NOTE: #480 was changed to # 317 [also #319 – see below mount]

1870: Stereo photo © 1870 by F. H. Bell/Bell & Bro. printed credit, notes “319 (old No.

480) Pa. Ave.”

1870: Census: DC: Age 60 from NY, photog.; lives with family. Next door is Allen F.

Hall, photographer [see Bell & Hall]. Allen married Francis Bell’s

daughter, Sarah.

1871-1872: DC CD: 319 Pa. Ave., nw

1872-1875: DC CD: NAG, prob. Bell & Bro. thus 317/319 Pa. Ave.

1876: DC CD: 319 Pa. Ave., nw

1877: DC CD: 459 & 461 Pa. Ave., nw

1878-1880: DC CD: NAG

1880: Census: DC: Age 65 [does not make sense], from NY, photog.; widower (she

died in 1879). Lives with son Jackson, Jackson’s wife Letitia, their

daughter Caroline, and Francis’ other son, Charles M. Bell.

1880, Oct. 9: Died: Wash., D.C.

1880: Buried: Wash., D.C. Oak Hill Cemetery, Chapel Valley, Lot 498, unmarked

1880, Dec.: Letter of administration filed on estate [D.C. Probate Court]

BELL, Jackson Wood (1837 – 1918) [sometimes, wrongly, “Ward”][Hall & Co.]

NOTE: In 1880 Census, his name is listed as “J. Wood Bell”. In 1925 his daughter

Caroline M. Bell applies for a passport in which she lists her father’s name as

“Jackson Wood Bell”

1837, Nov. 7: Born, Fredericksburg, Va.

1859, July 9: News: “We paid a visit, this morning, to the ambrotype gallery of our

friends. Hall & Co., over Cissell’s drug store, and found it crowded with persons

who were anxious to have their pictures painted by the sun. It is by no means

wonderful that their establishment should be crowded, for their pictures are

unsurpassed for their clearness and beauty, and their prices are almost fabulously

low. Do not fail to pay a visit to Hall & Co’s 25-cent ambrotype gallery, corner

of Bridge and Congress streets. They are enterprising and worthy young men,

and first rate artists, and should receive a generous and liberal support.

Observer.” [The States, p.3]

[NOTES: ~~The location appears to be the same as the old Smallwood studio.

~~Must be Jackson W. Bell given 1860 ambrotype gallery info., and

Allen F. Hall]

1859, July 14: News: “Georgetown… If you want to see yourself as others see you, (we

mean the form and features) just go to Hall & Co’s ambrotype

gallery, corner of Bridge and Congress streets, over Cissell’s drug store. Here you can obtain a likeness, unsurpassed by those taken at any establishment in the District, and upon as reasonable terms. Just stop and take a look at the life like specimens of his art at his gallery--likenessses of some of our citizens—and we will guarantee that the temptation to obtain your own will be irresistible.” [Star, p.3][This is likely Jackson W. Bell & Allen F. Hall]

1860: DC BD: 110 Bridge St., Georgetown [As J. W. Bell, likely same]

1860: DC CD: ambrotypes, 110 Bridge, Georgetown; h = at Washington [As J. W. Bell,

likely same]

1863: Civil War Draft Registration D.C.: “J. Wood Bell, age 26 from Va., clerk.

1863: DC CD: 480 Pa. Ave. at Bell & Bro.

1866, Aug. 30: Perhaps same person: J. Wood Bell dissolves copartnership with W. S.

Reed in Richmond, Va., Petersburg, Va., and NY. The nature of the

business is not disclosed. In Richmond CD he is listed as commercial

merchant. [Richmond Times, p.4]

1880: Census: DC: Age 42 from Va., photog; lives with father, Francis H. and other

family members. He is listed as “J. Wood Bell”

1880-1886: DC CD: See BATY

1889, Aug. 28: Notice: “To Protect Inventors. The inventors’ and patentees’ protective

association with Chas. M. Bell, James E. Bell, J. Wood Bell, [and others], as incorporators, filed a certificate of incorporation today. The object is set forth to be for mutual benefit, welfare and protection of inventors and patenees, [sic] to rouse and concentrate at the national capitol the active influences and efforts of invention, &c., and establish a bureau of information, &c.” [Star, p.5]

1894, May 8: Applies for passport under name “J. Wood Bell”, born Fredericksburg

Nov. 7, 1837. Living in Wash., D.C. Is a lithographer. He is indefinite

about his return to the US.

1910: Census: NY: NY: Jackson W. Bell, age 72, from Va., widower is in the

stationary business

1918: Died; location not located

BELL, Nephi (1843 - 1862) [also Turner & Co.]

1843: Born, Va. [prob. Fredericksburg]

1850: Census: Va: Fredericksburg: Age 7 from Va.; lives with family

1859, Apr. 27: Ad: “New Photograph and Ambrotype Gallery, 480 Pa. Ave., near Third

St.. Ambrotypes, Ambrotypes, only 25 cents, put up in handsome case.

Photographs, photographs, only one dollar for the first copy, and 25 cents

for each subsequent one. Good pictures taken in any weather. Remember

the number---480 Pa. ave., near 3d street. ‘Secure the shadow while you

have the substance.’ Ap28-1v” [Star, p.2] [NOTE: 480 Pa. becomes

Nephi Bell and Henry Turner’s studio in 1860. I’m assuming this

anonymous ad is their first notice of their studio. This ad runs through early July and is then replaced by a new one July 2.]

1859, July 2: Ad: “Grand reopening of the Metropolitan Photograph and Ambrotype

Gallery No. 480 Pa. Ave. This gallery, which has been closed for a few

1860, Jan. 3: Ad: “New Photograph and Ambrotype Gallery, 480 Pa. Ave., near Third

St.. Ambrotypes, Ambrotypes, only 25 cents, put up in handsome case.

Photographs, photographs, only one dollar for the first copy, and 25 cents

for each subsequent one. Good pictures taken in any weather. Remember

the number---480 Pa. ave., near 3d street. ‘Secure the shadow while you

have the substance.’ Ap28-1v” [Star, p.2] [NOTE: 480 Pa. is Nephi Bell

and Henry Taylor’s studio in 1860.]

1860: Census: Va: Wash., D.C.: Age 16, from Va., ambrotypist; lives with family

1860: DC CD: at Turner & Co., 480 Pa. Ave. [Turner = Henry W. Turner]

1862: DC CD: at Bell & Bro., 480 Pa. Ave.

1862, Nov. 22: Died, Wash., D.C.

1862: Buried Oak Hill Cemetery, Wash., D.C., Chapel Valley, lot 498. [FindAGrave]

BELL, Thomas Henry (1841 – 1866)

* [NOTE: Full name from cemetery information]

1841, Feb. 24: Born, Fredericksburg, Va.

1850: Census: Va: Fredericksburg: Age 9 from Va.

1860: Census: Va.: Wash., D.C., age 18 from Va., gun & locksmith; lives w/ family

1862-1865: DC CD: at Bell & Bro., 480 Pa. Ave.

1863: Civil War Draft Regis.: Age 21, from Va., Artist

1866, Feb. 10: Died, Humaita, Paraguay

[NOTE: I suspect Thomas died either as a direct result of the bloody battles

between Paraguay and Argentina/Brazil & Uruguay (1864-1870 with bloodiest

battles 1865-1866) which caused the death of 90% of the Parguayan population,

or else from the starvation and disease that resulted from this war over boundary

lines in which Paraguay was wildly outnumbered. Humaita, where Thomas died,

is on the border with Argentina.]

1866?: Buried: Oak Hill Cemetery, Wash., D.C., Chapel Valley, lot 498 [FindAGrave]

BELL, William Hamilton (1831 - 1897) [Bell & Hall]

1831, Feb. 5: Born: Fredericksburg, Va.

1850: Census: Va.: Fredericksburg: Age 17 from Va., gunsmith; lives with family

1853, Dec. 10: Marries Mary Greenwood in Stafford, Va.

1860: Census: DC: Age 27 from Va., gunsmith; lives with his own family of wife and

two children.

1862: DC CD: Ambrotypist [prob. at Bell & Bro.]; h = 305 Va. Ave.

1863-1865: DC CD: NAG, prob. Bell & Bro.

1866: DC CD: Bell & Hall, photog., 480 Pa. Ave.

NOTE: His partner, Allen F. Hall, is married to Wm’s sister.

1867: DC CD: Bell & Bro., photog., 480 Pa. Ave.

1870: Census: Md.: Balt: Age 37 from Va., photog.; lives with wife and four children

age 4, 8, 10 and 12, all listed as being born in Md. That is wrong for the

eldest boy – see 1880 census. However, since his wife was born in Md.,

maybe she went home to have babies until they moved to Balt., as Wm. is

certainly in DC during most of those years.

1880: Census: Md.: Balt.: Age from Va., photog.; lives with family including son

Thos. L., age 21, born Va., also a photog.

1897, Aug. 22: Died: Wash., D.C.

1897: Buried, Oak Hill Cemetery, Wash., D.C., Chapel Valley, lot 498 [FindAGrave]

PHOTOGRAPHERS NAMED BELL BUT NOT PART OF THE BELL

& BRO. or C.M. BELL FAMILY:

BELL, Alpha (& Joseph E. Bell)[also Beall]

NOTE: There were several Alpha Bells around the US, and some with similar

names, but other than paying a license fee, I could not definitely locate. May be

related to famous DC Bell family, but no connection yet found.

1862: IRS DC: Paid $10 photog. license fee; 568 B n [Kelbaugh]

1863: IRS DC: Paid $6.67 for photog license fee; 471 nr. 16^th St. [Kelbaugh]

1864: IRS DC: Paid $8.33 for photog license fee; 472 nr. 16^th St. [Kelbaugh]

BELL, Joseph E. (& Alpha Bell)

NOTE: There were many Joseph Bells around, but other than paying a license

fee, I could not definitely locate. May be related to famous DC Bell family, but

no connection yet found.

1862: IRS DC: Paid $10 photog. license fee; 568 B n [Kelbaugh]

1863: IRS DC: Paid $6.67 for photog license fee; 471 nr. 16^th St. [Kelbaugh]

1864: IRS DC: Paid $8.33 for photog license fee; 472 nr. 16^th St. [Kelbaugh]

BELL, William (1830-1910)

NOTE: There are many William Bells. It is possible some cross over

information has been included although I have tried to keep things as clear as

possible. The DC photographer William Bell, may, or may not, be the same one

that worked at the Surgeon General’s Office and was a photographer on the

Wheeler Survey. I have entered those dates here, but I could not be confirmed as

the same person. This is NOT Dr. William Abraham Bell, who was a

photographer with the Union Pacific Railway (later the Kansas Pacific) Survey.

NOR is this William Hamilton Bell of the DC Bell family (C.M. Bell et al)

1830: Born England

1866: DC CD: Photog.; h = 371 NY Ave.

1867: DC CD: Photog. 371 NY Ave.*

BELL, William (? - ?)

[NOTE: This William Bell is the Chief photog. of the Army Medical Museum. He may,

or may not be the same William Bell (1830-1910) listed above]

?1867: Purchased James E. McClees Phila. Studio [Craig’s]

[NOTE: Finkel says this was in 1869 which makes more sense if he was the same

person as the chief photog. for the Army Medical Museum in D.C. 1865-1869

?1865-1869: Chief photographer of Army Medical Museum, Wash., D.C.* [Finkel]

*Same person or two different ones?

?1868: DC CD: Clerk, Surgeon General’s Office; h = Gay cor. Green

?1869: Returned to Phila., purchased James E. McClees studio there. [Finkel]

[NOTE: Craig’s says this was in 1867, but that doesn’t make sense]

?1872: Photographer on Wheeler Survey West of the 100^th Meridian for War Dept.

BELLEW, P. J. & CO. (1835 – 1886) [Peter J. Bellew & ?]

[NOTES: ~Sells jewelry, ambrotype and photographic stock, fancy goods.

~There was a James Bellew from Ireland who started out as a book seller and then became an undertaker. His name though was James J. Bellew. Perhaps the same person? I haven’t included details about that person other than the obit notice of his wife. The Bellew family were mostly stonecutters]

1862: DC CD: 510 7^th St.; h = 42 NY Ave

1862: IRS DC: Paid $10 retail dealer; 510 7^th St.

1863: DC CD: 510 7^th St. (jewelry & fancy goods); h = 422 ½ I n

1865, Mar. 2: DNI ad: Selling photos, frames, etc.; 510 7^th St., 3 doors S. of Odd

Fellows Hall

1865: DC Court: Brady and Gibson v. P. J. Bellew

After Lincoln’s death, Brady made a photo of Johnson which he

copyrighted May 1, 1865. Bellew made a copy of the photo and sold it as

his own. Brady brought suit. Bellew acknowledged the infringement and

enjoined from making further sales. [NARA, Record Group 21; 444

Equity Docket #7] [Cobb]

1865: IRS DC: Paid $60 wholesale dealer and manufacturer

1866: DC CD: Picture frames, notions, etc. 510 7^th w; h = 274 F n

1867: DC CD: Fancy goods; 510 7^th; h = 274 F n

1919, Apr. 9: Obit. of Mrs. Mary A. Bellew, widow of James Bellew. “…James Bellew,

pioneer bookseller in this city….Mr. Bellow [Bellew] was one of the first

booksellers to go into the business extensively here. At one time he

conducted an undertaking establishment in this city.” [Wash. Times, p.17]

BELLOWS, [illeg. I.H? Isiah?]

1863: IRS: DC: Paid $10 photog. license fee; 14^th & Boundary

BELLOWS, Clarke (? - ?)

1863: IRS: Paid $6.67 photog. license fee; 14^th nr. Col. College

(Meridian Hill)[Kelbaugh]

BELLOWS, George Addison (1836 – 1879)

1836, May 13: Born Marlboro, Vt.

1850: Census: Wilmington, Vt.: Age 14; his father is a farmer

1862, July 16: Married Harriet Greene in NY; he is a baker age 26 from Vt.

1863, June-July: Civil War Draft Regis. DC: Age 27 from Vt.; photog.; at […] Hospital

1863, Nov. 23: IRS: DC: Paid Photog. license fee $12.50; h = 8e & G s

1864: DC BD/CD: ?? 8 East & G South; h = 9 East and G South

1866: DC CD: Restaurant, 544 8E; h = 534 E South

1870: Census: New York, NY: Age 35, from Vt.; Car man

1879, Feb. 5: Died New York, NY; buried Intervale Cemetery

BENNETT, Nahum S. (ca. 1817 - ? ) (Bennett’s Daguerrean Gallery)

Ca. 1849 [poss. 1850]: “Mr. N. S. Bennett had a daguerreotype gallery a few

doors west, on the same avenue, in a building which was on the east

side and adjoining L. D. Gilman’s drug store. During the winter of 1851

and 1852 I negotiated with him for the purchase of the gallery for Marcus

A. Root and John H. Clark [Clarke], who immediately obtained possession

and refitted the skylight and rooms, and there produced many fine

specimens of the daguerrean art.” [Samuel Seibert ltr. to Samuel Busey,

Oct. 19, 1896 , quoted in Busey, P.92-93]

1850: Census: DC: Daguerreotypist, age 33 from NY. Lives next door to Gilman, the

Druggist

1850, Jan. 31: Notice: “Bennett’s Daguerrean Gallery – N.S. Bennett has

opened a new Daguerrean Gallery on Pennsylvania avenue… ”

[National Era (DC)]

1850, Jan. 31: Ad: “Bennett’s Daguerrean Gallery. Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington

City, one door west of Gilman’s Drug Store. The citizens of Washington

and strangers visiting the city are respectfully informed that the subscriber

has just opened a gallery as above, which he has fitted up in elegant style,

with all the latest improvements including an extensive skylight. ...Cabinet

pictures, measuring eleven by fourteen inches, taken at short notice; also

crayon and enameled Daguerreotypes.” [National Era (DC)]

NOTE: This ad continues with minor modifications thru December

1850, Feb. 25: Ad: “Bennett’s Daguerrean Gallery, Pa. Ave. (One door East of Gilman’s

Drug Store.) The citizens of Washington and strangers visiting the city are respectfully informed that the subscriber has opened a Gallery as above, where he is taking daguerreotype pictures, which all who see them pronounce superior to any specimens of the art ever produced in Washington, and which he is confident will bear a favorable comparison with any ever executed in the United States.

Pictures are taken at this establishment by the aid of an extensive

sky light, constructed on a new plan, by which all the lights and shades of the pictures are produced with unusual clearness and strength, giving the portrait a degree of boldness and beauty of tone never attained by any other mode.

Having just imported from Germany the largest and most costly

camera ever seen in America, Mr. B. is prepared to take cabinet pictures of the largest size ever produced in the world.

Portraits of children taken in a few seconds. Perfect satisfaction

warranted in all cases.

Portraits taken equally well in fair and cloudy weather. N.S.

Bennett. Feb. 6-eod1mo” [Republic, p.3]

1850: DC CD: Dag./photog., N. side Pa. Ave. bet 6 & 7 w

1851, Feb. 13: Ad: “Bennett’s National Sky Light Gallery, Pennsylvania

Avenue, one door east of Z. D. Gilman’s Drug Store. To meet the

increasing patronage of this establishment the Sitting and Exhibition

Rooms have been enlarged, and fitted up in a style second to none in this

country.

In was necessary, also, to have more assistance in the operating

department; and I have therefore associated with me Mr. F. M. Cory, from

New York, which will enable us to maintain the present popularity of this

Gallery.” [National Era, DC]

NOTE: Ad continues with more details about views etc.

1852, Jan. 2: Ad: Litho of Kossuth made by Root & Co., NY, for sale at

Bennett’s Dag. Rooms [DC] [DNI]

1852, July 13: Ad: “Rocky Mountain Indians! Daguerreotype likenesses of the

principal Chiefs of the Different Rocky Mountain tribes of Indians on

exhibition at Bennett’s National Gallery, Penna. Ave., between 6^th and 7^th

st.” [Daily American Telegraph, DC]

1852, Oct. 26: Ad: Mentions “…crayon daguerreotypes. This style of photographic

Pictures was patented by John A. Whipple, of Boston, about six years

since, and introduced into this city by Bennett in 1850, as many who have

had them know…” [Daily Am. Telegraph, DC]

NOTE: Ad runs until Nov. 18. [Steele]

1853: DC CD: Dag./photog., N. side Pa. Ave. bet 6 & 7 w

1853, Jan. 15: Disbursement made to N. S. Bennett, for daguerreotype of Billy Bowlegs

and group [Rocky Mt. Indians?], etc. $60. [Serial set of Congressional

Documents, Serial #701, 33^rd Congress, 1^st session, 1853-4, vol. 11, doc.

69 pp 348, 356, 357.]

1853 July 20: Daily Republic, DC: “The accident to the steamboat Empire, on the

Hudson river, has been attended with a greater loss of life than at first reported…Mr. N. S. Bennett, portrait painter of this city,…received terrible scalds on his face, arms, hands, and breast, but was much easier on Sunday evening. He is lying at the hotel in Poughkeepsie.”

NOTE: “Bennett was on board the steamer Empire which left Troy, NY around 7

p.m. on Friday July 15, 1853 heading to New York City, when it was in a

collision with the sloop General Livingston about 2 a.m. on the 16^th on the

west shore of the Hudson River, opposite Clinton Point, about two and a

half miles about New Hamburg, and six below Poughkeepsie. The extent

of Bennett injuries are unknown [but see above] it is reported in the

Daguerreian Journal that he did lose a valuable collection of

daguerreotypes including a whole plate of the last portrait taken of Henry

Clay, sixteen specimens of members of the U.S. Senate, Likenesses of the

Rocky Mountain Indian Tribes, and a portrait of Billy Bow Legs [one

made by Clark??] and John Howard Payne, who was an American actor,

poet, playwright, and author.” [Steele]

1857, Feb. 10: News: “Mechanics’ Fair. The applications for space are literally pouring

in within the last day or two. We give below a continuation of the list of

applicants: … N.S. Bennett, Alexandria, ambrotypes and daguerreotypes.”

[Star]

1860: DC BD: 69 King St., Alexandria, Va.

1862: IRS DC: Paid $15 photog. tax; 69 King St. [Alex.]

1863: IRS DC: Paid $10 photog tax; 69 King St., [Alex.][paid several times]

1864: DC BD: Photog., 69 King St., Alexandria

1864: IRS DC: Paid unrecorded tax for special income; 69 King St., [Alex]

1865, Sept. 12: Notice: “Notice—The goods belonging to N. S. Bennett, stored at 250

Pennsylvania avenue, Washington, will be sold to pay charges if not called for in ten days. J. Holyland. se123t*” [Star p.2]

BENNETT’S DAGUERREAN GALLERY (Bennett’s National Gallery)

(Nahum S. Bennett & F.M. Cory)

NOTE: See under Bennett for transcriptions of news stories, ads

1850: DC CD: N. side Pa. Ave. bet 6 & 7 w

1851-1852: Bennett assumed to be in his own gallery – see under his name

1853: DC CD: N. side Pa. Ave. bet 6 & 6 w

BERGER, Anthony (1830? - ?)

NOTE: This photographer is elusive. There was an Anthony Berger, age 33 from

Germany listed in the DC draft registration as a “Supervisor”. This could be him.

Cobb says Brady brought him down from NY to look into the operations of his

studio under James Gibson which would have been in 1863. He is probably the

same photographer/artist (and poss. lock smith) listed in Brooklyn directories in

1868 and 1870s.

1830: Possibly born in Germany [1863 Civil War Draft Registration; same person?]

1864: DC CD: At Brady’s Photo Gallery, 352 Pa. Ave.

1864: DC CD ad: Manager of Brady’s Gallery

BERGSTRESSER, Edwin Lot (1834 -1913)

Edwin Lot Bergstresser; Ancestry family tree

1834, Sept. 3: Born: Centre Co., Pa. [Death cert.; cemetery records]

1863: Paid $25 photog license fee [Kelbaugh]

1865: Paid $25 photog license fee; in Tennalley Town [Kelbaugh]

1880: Census: Pa.: Hublersburg: Age 46 from Pa., photog.; lives with wife Cecelia, 3

daughters and a son all born in Pa.

1900: Census: Pa.: Walker: Age 63 from Pa., photog., born Sept. 1834; lives with

Cecelia and son Charles J., age 23 from Pa., also a photographer.

1910: Census: Pa.: Walker: Age 75 from Pa., photog.; lives with Cecelia

1913, Dec. 8: Died: Centre County, Pa. of asthma and senility; photographer [Death

cert.]

1913: Buried: Hublersburg Cemetery, Centre Co, Pa. [FindAGrave]

BICKSLER, Thomas Jefferson (1823 or 1824 - 1914) [also Bixler]

NOTE: There are several legal cases involving a Thomas J. Bicksler, but he is not

identified as a photographer, so may, or may not be the same person.

1823 or 1824: Born in Virginia

1859, Oct. 15: Ad: “Photograph, ambrotype, and melainotype likenesses. The

undersigned respectfully informs the citizens of Georgetown and vicinity

that he is permanently located on the corner of Bridge and High streets,

and is prepared to take likenesses in a style of beauty and workmanship

equal to any other operator. Terms moderate. Thomas J. Bicksler

oc11-7t*” [Star][NOTE: On the same page he has an ad selling a farm of 150 acres hear Drainesville]

1860: DC BD: High cor Bridge., Georgetown

1860: DC CD: Ambrotypist & photographist, High cor. Bridge, Georgetown; h = same

1860: Census: DC: Age 35 from Va., Daguerreotypist

1862: IRS: DC: Paid $15 photog. license fee; 48 High cor. Bridge, Georgetown

[Kelbaugh]

1862: DC BD & CD: Daguerreotypist, 48 High cor Bridge, Georgetown

1863: DC BD & CD: Photog., High & Bridge, Georgetown

1871: DC CD: 403 7^th nw

1872: DC CD: 403 7^th nw

1873: DC CD: 403 7^th nw

1873, Jan. 8: Admitted to Photographic Assoc. of D.C. [Daily Morn. Chron., p. 4]

1873, Dec. 2: Elected Vice President of the Photographic Assoc. of D. C. [Star]

1874 – 1886: See BATY

1880: Census: DC: Age 56 from Va.; photographer;

1914, June 9: Died Wash., D.C.; buried Glenwood Cemetery, section M, Lot 154, site 3

1914, June 9: Star obit notes only death date and funeral info.

BIDDEMAN, Peter (? - ?)

1863: IRS: DC: Paid $25 photog. license fee, “Army of the Potomac” [DC studio?]

BIGLEY, David R. P. (1839 – 1875)

1839, Jan. 13; Born Penna.

1860: DC CD: Ambrotypist; h = 7^th W & P n

1863: DC CD: Police; h = 581 I n

1863: Register Civil, Military & Naval Service: DC: Metropolitan Police patrolman,

from Penna.; earns $40/mo.

1864, Nov. 8: Married Mary Alice Moore, age 22.

1865: DC CD: Detective; h = 483 10^th w

1865: Register Civil, Military & Naval Service: DC: Detective, from Penna.; earns $70/mo.

1867: DC CD: Detective; h = 185 8^th w

1870: Census: DC: Age 30, from Pa.; detective. Lives with Alice age 27 and three

children born in DC.

1870: DC CD: Detective; h = 1428 8^th nw

1875, Dec. 29: Died Wash., D.C.; buried Glenwood Cemetery, section 3 lot 106, site 6

1875, Dec. 31: Star obit: “Bigley. On the 29^th instant, David R. Bigley, aged 35 years

and 11 months. [poem follows] Funeral at late residence 1515 8^th St. NW

BLANCHARD & MOHUN (Valentine Blanchard) & Richard Barry Mohun; publishers,

dealers, stationers)

[NOTES: ~ R.B. Mohun is not the same Mohun as Whitehurst uses in a Deed of

Trust. They may well be related, but no connection yet found.

~ As they only sold photos, equipment, etc. I haven’t done deep

research into the company or Mohun. Blanchard is included as

poss. relation to UK photographer of the same name and time

period]

1858, Dec. 2: DNI ad: Selling stereoscopic instruments, pictures on paper and glass.;

cor. 11^th & Pa. Ave. Ad runs into 1859 at least.

BLANCHARD, Valentine (1815-1864)

[NOTE: ~Valentine Blanchard was born in Maryland and died in DC. Interesting

coincidence, might he be related to the UK photographer Valentine

Blanchard (1831-1901) of the same period?]

1815: Born: Maryland

1858, Dec. 2: DNI ad: Selling stereoscopic instruments, pictures on paper and glass.;

cor. 11^th & Pa. Ave. Ad runs into 1859 at least.

1864, Dec. 19: Blanchard died; buried DC Oak Hill Cemetery, Reno Hill, lot 780.

1881, March 12: Mohun died; buried DC Oak Hill Cemetery, Chapel Hill, lot 542

1881, March 12: Star has long obit. on Mohun. Ca. 1853 Mohun went into Robert

Farnham’s book store. Upon his death, Blanchard and Mohun succeeded

that business until Blanchard died and Mohun continued on his own.

BLOUT, Henry L. (1833 – 1904) [brother of Isaac L. Blout]

1833, March: Born Hessen, Germany

1860: Census: DC: Millinery store [his brother, Isaac is ambrotypist, lived with him

1862: DC CD: Ambrotypes; h = 401 7^th w [bro. Isaac, also ambrotypes at same loc.]

1865: DC CD: Millinery goods; 401 7^th w

1870: DC CD: Clerk at City Hall

1880: DC CD: Beer agent

1904, Jan. 17: Died, DC; buried Wash. Hebrew Congregational Cemetery

1904, Jan. 19: Star obit. His brother is Isaac L. Blout, President of the Hebrew Temple

Congregation.

BLOUT, Isaac L. (1837 – 1916) [brother of Henry L. Blout]

1837, Jan. 15: Born Hessen Germany

1860: Census: DC: Ambrotypist, age 23, born Germany; lives with brother Henry L.

Blout

1862: DC CD: [ambrotypist?] h = 401 7^th W

1863: DC CD: Fancy store 439 7^th w; h = 596 H n

1865: IRS: DC: Paid $5.60 tax on sales of hats etc.; 439 7^th St.

1870: Census: DC: Dealer in fancy goods, age 33, born Prussia

1880: Census: DC: Millinery store, age 42; 710 7^th St. nw

1900: Census: DC: Millinery, age 63; 710 7^th St., nw

1910: Census: DC: Millinery, age 73; 710 7^th St., nw

1916, Oct. 24: Died, Wash., D.C.; buried Wash., Hebrew Congregational Cemetery

1916, Oct. 25: Obit: Says he came to America in 1853 and went to Baltimore where

he remained for six months. From there he went to teach music in

Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee and Florida. Then in 1861 [error since 1869

census shows him in DC] he came to Washington and the next year

opened millinery business at 710 7^th St., NW. No mention of

photography. [Post]

BONTZ & HOFFMAN: (prob. Jacob Bontz & Josiah? Hoffman)

1863: IRS: VA: Paid $22.92 photog. license fee, Alexandria, Va. [Kelbaugh]

BONTZ, Jacob Davis [(1834 – 1886) [not to be confused with John Bontz(e)]

NOTE: Prob. partner in Bontz & Hoffman, 1863, due to Alexandria address, and

not John Bontz

1834, July 8: Born Alexandria, Va.

1860: DC CD: Tobacconist; h = 460 11^th w

1860: Census: DC: Daguerreotypist age 24, from Va.; lives w/ [father?] who runs

furniture store, and others

1861: Served in the Union infantry for three months. DC

1862, Oct: IRS DC: Paid $10 photog. license fee; 460 11^th w [Kelbaugh]

1863: DC CD: Photog., Pa. Ave. N, 13 1/2 w; h = 460 11^th w

1865, Jan.: IRS: DC: paid $6.25 for photog. license (3 months)[Kelbaugh]

1865: IRS: Va: Army of Potomac, tax $6.25

1865: DC CD: Clerk; h = 595 H n

1866, Jan. 27: IRS: DC: Army of Potomac, photographer; assessed, no $ entry

1866: DC CD: Bricklayer; h = 595 N n

1868: DC CD: Bricklayer; 346 7^th w

1870: Census: DC: Brick layer, age 35, from Va.

1880: Census: DC: Brick layer, age 45, from Va.

1886, Dec. 11: Died, Washington, D. C.; buried in Glenwood Cemetery, Sect. C, Lot 97,

site 10

1886, Dec. 12: Obit: Died of consumption at home, 714 Rhode Island Ave., nw

Greenwood Cemetery records note he had “phthisis.” A family tree notes

he died of phthisis pulmonalis asthuid, or tuberculosis (consumption).

The medical attendant was his nephew Samuel Adams [Star]

BONTZ, John: (1825 – 1891) [also Bontze; not to be confused with Jacob Bontz]

NOTE: Possibly same as Bontz & Hoffman in Alexandria, but more likely that is

Jacob Bontz

1825, March 16: Born, Wash., D.C.

1849: Marries Ann Elizabeth Hill, Wash.., DC

1850: Census: Va.: Alexandria: nog age 25 from Va.; lives with wife Ann E.

1860: Census: DC: Ambrotypist age 30 from Virginia; lives with wife Elizabeth.

1860: DC CD: nog; h = 504 9^th

1862: DC CD: Carpenter; h = 494 9^th w

1863: DC CD: Sutler; h = 504 9^th w

1864: DC CD: Sutler; h = 504 9^th w

1870: Census: DC: Car conductor age 44 from Va.; lives with wife Elizabeth.

years younger.

1880: Census: DC: Carpenter age 54 from Va; lives with wife Elizabeth 438 Mass.

Ave., nw

1891, April 29: Died, Wash., D.C.; buried Congressional Cemetery, range 10, site 135

Family is buried with him

1891: Uncredited obit: Died suddenly on April 29, 1891 aged 66 years. H = 3 N St n

BOSSIE, Hyson I. [Isham?] (1839 – 1905+) [also as Isham Bossy][black]

NOTE: One of the few black photographers

1860: Census: DC: as Isham Bossy, Labor, age 25 from Va., mulatto; living with

[mother] Celia Bossy, washer, mulatto; and James and Thomas, young

black boys.

1863: DC CD: as Isham Bossy, photog., black; h = 608 3^rd w. Lives with Celia Bossy,

widow Burke, also black, who does washing

1863, July 1: Civil War draft registration: Hison Bossey, age 21 black, single waiter

from Va.; h = [illeg. 608?] 3^rd St.

1864, Oct. 30: Mustered into service as a substitute. See Jan. 7, 1870

1865: DC CD: as Hyson Bossie, printer, printer, black; lives with Celia; h = 1^st w & D s

1865 – 1874: Sometime during this period, Hyson deposits $352 in the Freedman’s

Savings and Trust Company.

1866: DC CD: as Hyson Bossie, waiter, black; h = 1^st w and N. Va. ave.

1868, Jan. 23: Freedman Bureau Records: “Gen’l Ramsey wants men to work at

Arsenal. The following men were sent.” Includes Hyson Bossie age 28

1869: DC CD: as Hyson Bossie, driver, black; h = 600 1^st w

1869, Dec. 11: Star: The DC Board of Aldermen approved relief [for poor?] for seven

people including Hyson Bossie.

1870: DC Census: as Hyson Bossie, age 30, black, from Va.; drives wagon

Lives with Augusta Bossie, age 27, black from NY, washing

They live next door to J. W. Rouberry [Roseberry], photog. from NJ

1870, Jan. 7: News: The DC Board of Alderman enabled an act for the Mayor to pay

Hyson Bossie “the sum of seventy-five dollars in current money …the

said Hyson Bossie, having, on the 30^th day of October 1864 furnished and

mustered into the service of the U.S. substitute, as is witnessed by the

accompanying certificate from H. R. Rathbone, Post Colonel, U.S. Army,

Adjutant General’s Office, Was Dept., in charge enlistment branch,

Wash., D.C. Approved Dec. 17, 1869” [Star]

1871: DC CD: as Hyson Bossee, driver, black; h = 452 1^st sw

1874: DC CD: as Hyson I. Bossee [also as Hyson I. Bossee], labor, h = 452 1^st sw

1876, Nov. 16: Married to Annie Scott Brown. He is listed as age 37

1879: DC CD: as Hyson Bossey, huckster, 452 1^st sw

1880: Census: DC: as Hyson Bossey, waiter in hotel, age 40, black, widow; h = 452 1^st

sw; lives with his mother, Celia, black age 80, keeps house

1888: DC CD: as Hyson I. Bossie, oysters 302 B sw; h = 488 School sw

1888, Jan. 26, marries Matilda Bassey, in Alex. Va. He is listed as born in 1839 in

Stafford Co., Va, and is a widow.

1890, May 31: News: A thief who went by several aliases did not show up in court thus

forfeiting $1,000 bail which he posted on May 26 with Hyson I. Bossie as

surety. [A surety is someone who knows the person well, and is approved

by the court to insure they do not break conditions of release.][Star]

1892: DC CD: as Hyson Bosie, labor; Hillsdale

1893: DC CD: as Hyson I. Bossie, labor; h = Hillsdale

1894: DC CD: as Hyson I. Bussie, grocer, Hillsdale

1895: DC BD & CD: as Hyson I. Bossie, grocer; Hillsdale

1903, Aug. 20: Star: Real estate transfers: Barry Farm from Hyson I. Bossie et ux to

Martha e. Mitchell, part lot 32, section 1, $200.

1905, Dec. 13: Will typed, signed by Hyson I. Bossie of Anacostia, DC., filed March 1,

1906. And a second handwritten will dated Dec.12, 1905; filed March 1,

1906 which revokes an earlier 1902 will. The typed will leaves everything

to his wife Mary Bossie [she would be his 3^rd wife] except $5 to nephew

James H. Bossie; $25 to friend Samuel Berry; $25 to friend David Stotts;

$50 to Green Mountain Lodge, #1477 Grand United Order of Odd

Fellows; any remainder to the Old Folk’s Home for Colored People,

Hamilton Rd., DC, under supervision of pastor of Zion Baptist Church bet.

3 & 4 ½ St., SW. The executors are two of his wife’s friends. The

handwritten will revokes previous will made in favor of his cousins

William and Clarence Smith, will dated Oct. 6, 1902; recorded Oct. 20,

1902. The will was conditional upon the Smiths taking certain actions,

which they failed to do, and thus he revoked that will, and states again that

his wife is the beneficiary as in the typed will. [DC Wills and Probate

Records]

BOSSY, Isham [ a.k.a. Hyson I. BOSSIE, which see]

BOWDOIN, David W. (1816 - 1885) (father of Gilbert Tapley Bowdoin)

[FindA Grave]

1816, Oct. 28: Born: Braintree, Mass. [FindAGrave]

1843, May: First advertised as daguerreian in Salem, Mass. [Craig’s]

1844, April: Partnership with W. Snell, Lynn, Mass. [International Center Photog.]

1846 – 1860: Salem & Boston, Mass. [ICP]

1854, Dec. 28: Messrs. Cutting & [David W.] Bowdoin of Boston making ambrotypes.

[DNI, p.3]

1877 – 1886: See BATY

1880: Census: DC: Age 63, from Mass., photog.; 1116 Pa. Ave.

1885, Dec. 1: Died: Wash., D.C. [FindAGrave]

1892, Nov. 17: Buried: Walnut Grove Cemetery, Danvers, Mass.; plot Sect. C, Lot 53,

Grave 7

BOWDOIN, Gilbert Tapley (1852 - 1940) (son of D. W. Bowdoin)

1852, Jan. 4: Born: Salem, Mass. [FindAGrave]

1877 – 1886: See BATY

1880: Census: DC: Age 26, from Mass., photog.; 1116 Pa. Ave.

1940, Jan. 17: Died: Beverly, Mass. [FindAGrave]

Buried: Walnut Grove Cemetery, Danvers, Mass.; plot Sect. C, Lot 53,

Grave 6 [FindAGrave]

BOWDOIN, TAYLOR & CO. (?, & ?, & ?)

1862: IRS: Bowdoin paid $15 photog. lic. Fee [Kelbaugh]

1864: DC BD: 204 King St. cor. Columbus St., Alex., Va.

1864 & 1865: IRS: Bowdoin paid $25 photog. lic. Fee [Kelbaugh]

BOWEN & JEWELL: [Theodore L. Bowen & Augustus Webster Jewell]

1862: DC BD & CD: Ambro., 411 Penna. Ave.

BOWEN, Theodore L. ( ? - ? ) [Bowen & Jewell]

NOTE: There are several Theodore Bowen and Theodore L. Bowens. Could not connect

with certainty.

1862: DC CD: Ambro., 411 Pa. Ave.; h = 6^th cor. Mass. Ave.

[BRADY & CO. [Mathew B. Brady & James F. Gibson][National Photographic Art Gallery] =

see BRADY, Mathew B.; Gibson, James F.]

BRADY, Mathew B. (1822-1896) [Unknown what his middle initial stands for, if anything]

NOTE: Other than possibly Alexander Gardner, no other 19^th century Washington, D.C.

photographer is as famous as Brady. There are numerous biographies in addition

to the one listed in the bibliography. As such I will include only basic D.C. dates

and information. In addition, there are many ads and articles in the newspapers,

many with long runs, that only a selection are included here.

1822, May 18: Born: Saratoga Springs, NY

1848: Dolly Madison sat for Brady in DC[Cobb, p.7]

1849, Feb. 8: News: “We have visited Mr. Brady’s gallery of daguerreotypes on Pa. ave.

It gives us pleasure to recommend him to the public attention. We have never seen anything finer than his chef d’oeuvres. We had no conception that the daguerreotype could be made to express the human face so correctly. The likeness is usually defeated by the effect of the strong light continuing to act on the optic nerve, and drawing up and distorting the muscles of the face. But Mr. B. contrives to soften the light by means of a shaded skylight; and his process is so rapidly conducted, (not more than two or three seconds in a fair day!) that it is exempt from the usual objection. Mr. Brady comes with the highest reputation from New York; and a correspondent in that city recommends him to us as being ‘at the head of his art.’ His productions, indeed, are the best testimonies of his skill. As was remarked the other day by a gentleman who had seen the specimens of the original inventor, ‘If Daguerre himself were to come among us, he would be astonished at the improvement to which his art has attained among the Americans’.

We understand that a new invention has just been introduced at

Paris, by which the daguerreotype likeness may be enlarged to the size of a full portrait; and thus the value of the original design may be greatly extended. Specimens of this new improvement have been exhibited in Paris. A likeness of General Taylor is one among those which have been enlarged. It cannot be long before the ingenuity of our countrymen shall have seized upon the idea, introduced it from Paris, and even improved upon it.” [Daily Union p.3]

1849, Feb. 27: Notice: “…an artist by the name of Mathew Brady has recently arrived in

Washington from New York for the purpose of obtaining daguerreotype

portraits of all the distinguished men who may be present at the

approaching Inauguration” Studio located between 6^th and 4 ½ Streets

[DNI; Panzer p. ii]

1850: DC CD: Pa. Ave. bet. 4 ½ & 6^th

1850, March 23: Ad: “Mr. Brady respectfully informs the citizens of Washington that he

has again returned to his rooms on Pennsylvania avenue, bet 4 ½ and 6^th streets, where he will be happy to see his friends and former patrons. He is prepared to execute miniatures in all the various styles of photography. His daguerreotypes are too well known to require any commendation. Feb. 22-eepif1m” [DNI p.2]

1857, Oct. 29: Ad: “Eight fine rooms over Gilman’s New Drug Store, 350 Pa. ave., for

rent. Will be furnished, if desired, for any one renting them for the entire

session of Congress. Appy to Z. D. Gilman, Druggist, Oct. 28-3tif” [DNI]

1857, Dec. 28: Notice: “Brady—The New York photographer, is about to open a

daguerrean gallery in this city.” [Star]

ca. 1858 – 1869: DC BD&CD: Photog., 625-627 Pa. Ave. [BUT 1870-1881: # is 351-

351 because of building renumbering]

1858, Jan. 26: Opens Brady’s National Photographic Art Gallery, 350-352 Pa. Ave., in

DC; Alexander Gardner manages the studio with bro. James Gardner

[Panzer, p.xviii]

1858, Jan. 27: Ad: “M. B. Brady respectfully announces that he has established a gallery

of Photographic Art in Washington. He is prepared to execute

commissions for the Imperial Photograph, hitherto made only at his well

know establishment in New York.

A variety of unique and rare photographic specimens are included

in his collection, together with portraits of many of the most distinguished

citizens of the United States.

Mr. Brady brings to his Washington gallery the results of fourteen

years experience in Europe and America, and the choicest products of his

art during that period. He feels confident that the resources at his

command and the artistic quality of his works will commend his gallery to

the attention of the Washington public. Jan. 27-eod3mo”[Wash. Union,

Feb. 5, p.4]

1858, Jan. 29: Notice: “Gallery of National Portraits. In addition to the photographic

and highly artistic galleries of Messrs. Whitehurst, Paige and Vannerson, which are among the most worthy objects of curiosity in the city, we have the pleasure of announcing that Mr. Brady, of New York, whose fame is world-wide, has opened near Brown’s Hotel a gallery of his admirable photographic portraits. These true pictures are worth acres of such portraits as hang upon parlor walls everywhere. There are seen the features of Clay, Webster, and Calhoun, with other eminent men, all instinct with life: men who have been central suns of Washington society in days past. We regard Mr. Brady as a public benefactor in thus presenting to us, as no pencil has ever done, the breathing portraitures of our great men.” [DNI]

1858, Feb. 7: Notice: “M.B. Brady respectfully announces that he has established a

gallery of Photographic Art in Washington. He is prepared to execute

commissions for the Imperial Photograph, hitherto made only at his well

known estb. in New York.

A variety of unique and rare photographic specimens are included

in his collection, together with portraits of many of the most distinguished

citizens of the United States.

Mr. Brady brings to his Washington gallery the results of fourteen

years’ experience in Europe and America, and the choicest products of his

art during that period. He feels confident that the resources at his

command and the artistic quality of his works will command his gallery to

the attention of the Washington public.

M.B. Brady 352 Pa. ave., over Sweeny, Rittenhouse, Fast & Co.’s

banking house. Jan. 27-eoc3m.” [Wash. Union, p.3]

1858, March 24: Notice: “Brady’s Photographic Gallery. An impression having got

abroad that Mr. Brady had left the city, we are requested to state that such

is not the case. He has, however, been very much occupied with his sitters, and among the truly splendid portraits which he has recently produced may be mentioned those of Sen. Hale, Mr. Elliott, the artist, of New York, the Major of Georgetown, Mr. Crawford, Senator Mason, and Mr. Speaker Orr. The value of such portraits as these can hardly be estimated by money, and a very agreeable fact about them is that the price of a dozen copies is but very little more than the coast of a single one. Mr. Brady’s collection of portraits of distinguished men is said to be the largest in the country.” [DNI]

1858, April: “Photography in Washington. Dear Snelling… Another new gallery

opened. Mr. Brady of New York, has opened the rooms formerly occupied by Plumbe and known as that gallery. He makes a fine display, but shows nothing but what he has exhibited in his specimen gallery in New York. He has many beautiful retouched pictures. I saw nothing plain that attracted my attention. But his retouched pictures are the most exquisite productions exhibited in Washington. But all the credit is due the artist for his skill in India ink touching. Mr. Brady has many distinguished personages, and from his untiring industry and energy, he is deserving of the highest praise for having done so much in the photographic world. Many think that the portrait painter will be thrown in the shade by the invention and discovery of photography, and its application to life-size portraits. ‘Tis a great mistake; they improve the taste by making good drawings. The mechanical labor is taken off, for certainly the drawing is the mechanical part; for any one who can learn to write can learn to draw: and to paint a photograph good, it is necessary to have a good artist. N.d., not signed.” [P&FAJ vol 11, ns vol 5, p.98]

1858, June 21: Notice: “Brady’s Art Gallery. In a casual visit lately to the interesting

rooms of this gentleman we were fairly astonished at the perfection

of the ‘counterfeit presentment’ of many friends which met our view. If faithful and natural expression, unexaggerated features, beautiful coloring, and spirited individuality prove the sun to be a true artist, then really this collection of exquisite portraits, this photographic exhibition of fair women and ‘grave and reverend seignors,’ may be legitimately classed in the domain of fine art. We have seen specimens from London and Paris of the most famous photographic skill, but none, in our opinion, equal Brady’s in delicate finish and satisfactory portraiture. Those who have not yet seen this charming gallery would do well to while away an hour in scanning this array of beauty, diplomacy, living senatorial and clerical celebrity, besides the speaking, almost startling countenances of the great ones who have passed from earth. What an opportunity does this wonderful and perfect art furnish to parents for leaving to their families, and for friends to friends, a life like image of themselves, when they shall be seen no more! How many are there who would begrudge no amount of money to possess such a portrait of some dear departed one as this perfect limner could readily have produced by his magic skill!” [DNI]

1858, June 23: News: “Brady’s photograph gallery. Yesterday the President of the

United States [James Buchanan] visited Brady’s gallery, where a

magnificent imperial ambrotype was taken of him. Gov. Wise also

sat for his picture. Both can be seen by calling at his

establishment.” [The States, p.3]

1858, June 30: Ad: Brady’s Gallery. 352 Pa. ave., near 7^th street. Over Sweeny,

Rittenhouse, Fant & Co’s Banking House.

Mr. Brady begs respectfully to inform the public that in

consequence of the very liberal patronage he has received since

opening his Photographic Gallery at Washington, he will, contrary

to his original intention, keep it open during the summer months.

An efficient corps of artists will be constantly in attendance

to execute photographs and ambrotypes in the best possible

manner.

Prices ranging from one dollar upwards.

The collection of portraits of distinguished men at this

gallery is the largest in the world, and is open for public inspection

every day (Sundays excepted) from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. June30-

eo3m” [DNI]

1858, Sept. 21: Ad: “The largest plain photograph ever made, three figures, life size, on

one sheet, seven by five feet is now on exhibition at Brady’s Gallery, 352

Pa. Ave. sept.21-5t” [DNI]

1858, Sept. 22: Notice: “Life-size Photography—The reader who wishes to see

something extraordinary, even for these days of marvels, will find it at

Brady’s gallery, on Pa. ave., between 6^th & 7^th streets, in the shape of

a photograph of life size, representing three figures of gentlemen grouped.

Compared with previous efforts, this photograph my be justly styled

gigantic.” [DNI]

1858, Dec. 1: Notice: “Brady’s Portrait Gallery – Mr. M. B. Brady, the distinguished

photographer, purposes to publish semi-monthly portraits of distinguished

men, forming a series of great value. We need not assure our readers that they are done well, for everything which comes from his estb. is in the highest style of the photographic art. We have no doubt that these portraits will meet an extensive sale, and that the lineaments of our distinguished men will adorn every cottage and hamlet in the land.” [Wash. Union, p. 3]

1860: DC BD: 352 Pa. Ave.

1860: DC CD: Brady’s Photo. Gallery, 352 Pa. Ave.

1860, 1862, 1864, 1866: IRS: Paid $25 photog. license fee; 352 Pa. Ave. [Kelbaugh]

1863: IRS: Paid $16.67 photog. license fee; 352 Pa. Ave. [Kelbaugh]

1863: IRS: Paid $16.67 income tax [IRS Tax Assessment lists]

1863: Civil War Draft Registration: Age 44 from Ireland, artist; 785 Broadway,

NY [NOTE: Brady sometimes claimed to have been born in Ireland]

1865, April 15: Notice: “Fire—The fire noticed yesterday as having broken out in

Ward’s building, on the avenue, during the illumination, occurred in

Brady’s photograph gallery, but was extinguished before doing serious

injury.” [Star] [NOTE: Apparently the front of Brady’s studio was

illuminated by 100 candles]

1868, Oct. 10: Ad: “Where can I get a good photograph? At the old established Gallery

of Brady & Co., 352 Pa. ave, bet. 6 & 4 ½ streets.” [DNI][Ad runs through Oct.]

1870-1881: DC BD&CD: Photog., 350-351 Pa. Ave. [was previously 625-627 before

buildings renumbered]

1881, Nov.: Closes D.C. gallery 627 Pa. Ave. due to mortgage foreclosure.

[Panzer p.xxiii]

1882: Works at 450 Pa. Ave., D.C. [Panzer p. xxiii]

1883: Works at 1113 Pa. Ave., D.C. [Panzer p. xxiii]

1889: Works at 1833 14^th St., nw, DC [Panzer p. xxiii]

1890: Works at 13^th & Pa. Ave., nw., DC [Panzer p. xxiii]

1893: Works at 1107 F St., nw, DC [Panzer p. xxiii]

1894: Works at 494 Md. Ave., SW, home of nephew Levin Handy [Panzer p.xxiii]

1895: Broke leg when struck by horse car, Wash., D.C. Moves to NY [Panzer p.xxiii]

1896, Jan. 15: Died: Manhattan, NY in the Presbyterian Hospital of Bright’s disease.

1896: Buried: Wash., D.C. Congressional Cemetery, Range 72, site 130 [FindAGrave]

1896, Jan. 23: [NOTE: This is only a sample obit.]

Obit: “He Took Great Men. Death of Matthew Brady, Pioneer of

American Photographers.

New York, Jan. 21—Matthew F. [sic] Brady, who has been described as the prince and pioneer of American photographers, died in the Presbyterian hospital in this city, after a lingering illness, from Bright’s disease.

Mr. Brady was known to every man of celebrity in the country for the past fifty years. He was born in 1823, in Warren county, NY. What Daguerre did in France, Brady accomplished in only a slightly lesser degree in this country, and it was Morse, the inventor, who first called Mr. Brady’s attention to the opportunity which was offered him to become a famous photographer.

In his Washington gallery he took the photograph of every man

who has appeared before the public in any conspicuous manner for forty years. While in New York Mr. Brady took the first picture of Jenny Lind, ever taken, and of this he never tired of telling. He took the photograph of Andrew Jackson from which all of the familiar paintings of that popular hero have been made, and the number of photographs of the ante-bellum dignitaries of the country were countless. He delighted to tell of his experiences with Daniel Webster, Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun, and always spoke lovingly of Fenimore Cooper and Edgar Allen Poe, both of whom he knew intimately.

He was the first to take a camera on the field of battle, and at the

battle of Bull Run succeeded in getting a number of views that were not

alone interesting historically, but scientifically.”{Neb. Independent, p.3]

BRAINARD, Charles Henry (1795-1884) (publisher, print dealer making litho portraits)

1851: Exhibited dags. of the President’s cabinet at Crystal Palace. [Craig’s]

1853, Feb. 5: Notice: “Gleason’s Pictorial for the current week is embellished with

eighteen well-executed portraits of United States Senators of the present

session, engraved from daguerreotypes taken in this city by Vannerson,

the operator at Whitehurst’s Gallery. These portraits are accompanied

with brief biographical sketches, prepared by Mr. Chas. H. Brainard, of

the same establishment.” [DNI, p.3]

1855, Feb. 14: News: Portrait of Rev. Byron Sunderland. “…has just been published by

Mr. C. H. Brainard, of Boston, The drawing is by Grozlier, …from a

Daguerreotype by Vannerson, of this city, and is a beautiful specimen of

the lithographic art. …may be had at the principal bookstores, or of Mr.

Brainard, at Whitehurst’s gallery. Mr. Brainard is extensively engaged in

the publication of portraits of the ‘men of the times.’ …” [Star]

1857, Dec. 22: News: At 308 Pa. Ave. [Therefore at McClees studio] Well known

Boston print publisher is in DC engaged in making additions to his gallery

of portraits. Drawn on stone by Grozlier, French artist. [DNI]

1858, April: “McClees gallery has a fine start; and well it might, for such a

host of noted men in his employ are bound to succeed. Their pictures rank

with the best in the country. Mr. Samuel Croner [sic; error, Cohner] is the operator. … Mr. Brainard is the solicitor for this gallery, and his name alone will bring into any place a good share of business in Washington, as well as that of Mr. Vannerson.” [P&FAJ vol. 11, ns 5, April 1858, p. 98]

BRENNAN, Matthew S. ( ? – 1871) [also Mathew and Brenman]

1868: DC CD: messenger and clerk at Surgeon Gen. Office, 479 17^th w & 487 17^th w

1870: DC CD: Photog, 506 I nw

1871: ? : 417 13^th nw [Surgeon General’s Office] [LB]

1871: ? : 506 I nw [State Gazette] [LB]

1871, March 6: Signs a will “being of declining body but sound mind”, works at Surgeon

General’s Office. Leaves estate to a female friend and his sister.

[DC Wills & Probate Records]

1871, April 2: Died, Wash., D.C. , buried Calvary cemetery, NY.

1871, April 5: Obit. April 5 obit:

“The remains of Matthew S. Brennan, who died at Providence hospital on Sunday last, were escorted to the depot by a large number of the Irish Nationalists of this city, among whom he was deservedly popular. Mr. Brennan had been connected with the photographic and microscopic department of the Surgeon General’s office for the last three years. During the war he was an office in the New York volunteers’, and served with distinction, both in the army of the Potomac and the army of the West. His remains will be interred in Calvary cemetery, New York.”

[Nat. Repub]

BRENT, George (? - ?)

[NOTE: There are several George Brents but none specifically tied to this entry]

1868: DC CD: Photog., 33 Maine Ave.

BREWER, Henry (ca. 1847 - ?)

1870: DC CD: photog.; h = 1317 7^th nw

1870: Census: DC: Age 23 from DC; photog. Lives with JOHN GOLDIN, another

photographer, and Goldin’s family.

1874: DC CD: photog.; h = 1123 9^th nw [not living with Goldin]

BROWN, Harman (1850 - 1926)

1850, April 16: Born New York, NY

1869: DC CD: photog, 396 Pa. Ave.

1870: DC CD: photog., 633 Pa. Ave.

1870: Census: DC: Age 20, from Ohio*, photog.; parents from foreign country

[*NOTE: I think this is in error – see grave info.]

1871: DC CD: photog., 343 Pa. Ave nw

Ca. 1876: Moves to Kansas City, Mo.

1926, July 7: Died Kansas City, Mo.; buried Forest Hill Cemetery and then moved to

Union Cemetery, Kansas City, sect. A lot 4 in Oct. to family plot.

Cemetery info. from H. R. Brown: Harmon was a retired photographer,

married to Anna. His father and mother were born in England. He was

resident of Kansas City for 50 years. Cause of death was chronic

myocarditis and interstitial nephritis. [Cemetery records]

BRUCE & FISHER (Joseph N. Bruce & James F. Fisher)

1867, June 19: Notice: “The Co-partnership heretofore existing between J. N.

Bruce and F. D. Hall, under the name and style of Bruce & Hall, is this

day dissolved by mutual consent, Bruce & Hall, Wash., D. C. June 19,

1867. We the undersigned have this day entered into a Co-Partnership

under the firm name of Bruce & Fisher, J. N. Bruce, David Fisher, Wash.,

D. C. June 19, 1867 [Star, July 8]

1868: DC CD: Bruce & Fisher, photog., 304 Pa. Ave., (Joseph N. Bruce & James F.

Fisher)

1868: DC CD: Bruce, Joseph N. (colored), Bruce & Fisher; h = 418 11 w

1868, June 5: Ad: “Photographs of the A. M. E. General Conference can be had at Bruce

& Fisher’s 304 Penna. Ave., between 9^th and 7^th streets.” [Daily Morning

Chronicle]

1868, Sept. 16: Notice: “Photographers.—Messrs. Bruce & Fisher, Photographers, late

of Washington, D.C., have located for a time in this place, and are

prepared to take pictures of all kinds. Satisfaction warranted in every

particular. Office in Mrs. Schooley’s building. Call and secure a

photograph whilst you have the opportunity.” [Bedford County Press and

Everett Press (Penna.)]

1869, Feb. 3: Notice: Bruce & Fisher, photographers, late of DC are still running a

studio in Mrs. Schooley’s building in Penna. [Bedford County Press]

1869, June 16: Notice: Bruce & Fisher, photographers, late of DC are still running a

studio in Mrs. Schooley’s building in Penna. [Bedford County Press]

1870: Census: Pa.: age 36 from DC., white, photographer. Lives with James F. Fisher,

age 23 from DC, male, black photographer

BRUCE & HALL (Joseph N. Bruce & Frederick D. Hall)

NOTE: See Bruce, J. N. & Co.

1867, June 19: Notice: “The Co-partnership heretofore existing between J. N.

Bruce and F. D. Hall, under the name and style of Bruce & Hall, is this

day dissolved by mutual consent, Bruce & Hall, Wash., D. C. June 19,

1867; We the undersigned have this day entered into a Co-Partnership

under the firm name of Bruce & Fisher, J. N. Bruce, David Fisher, Wash.,

D. C. June 19, 1867 [Star, July 8]

BRUCE, J. N. & Co. (Joseph N. Bruce & Frederick D. Hall)

NOTE: See Bruce, Joseph N.

1867, June 19: Notice: “The Co-partnership heretofore existing between J. N.

Bruce and F. D. Hall, under the name and style of Bruce & Hall, is this

day dissolved by mutual consent, Bruce & Hall, Wash., D. C. June 19,

1867; We the undersigned have this day entered into a Co-Partnership

under the firm name of Bruce & Fisher, J. N. Bruce, David Fisher, Wash.,

D. C. June 19, 1867. [Star, July 8]

BRUCE, Joseph N. (ca. 1836 - ?) (Bruce, J. N. & Co.)

NOTE: Listed as both black and white; mulatto? His partner, James F. Fisher, is black.

See also Bruce, J.N. & Co.

1863, July 1: Civil war draft in Liberty, Ohio: age 27, white artist, single born in

Washington City [NOTE: Same person?]

1866: DC CD: Photog., Bruce & Co., 304 Pa. Ave.,; h = 418 11^th w

1866: IRS: DC: Pays $15 photog. license fee; 304 Pa. Ave.

1867, June 19: Notice: “The Co-partnership heretofore existing between J. N.

Bruce and F. D. Hall, under the name and style of Bruce & Hall, is this

day dissolved by mutual consent, Bruce & Hall, Wash., D. C. June 19,

1867; We the undersigned have this day entered into a Co-Partnership

under the firm name of Bruce & Fisher, J. N. Bruce, David Fisher, Wash.,

D. C. June 19, 1867 [Star, July 8]

1867: DC CD: Bruce & Co., Photog., Joseph N. Bruce & Frederick D. Hall),

304 Pa. Ave.

1867: DC CD: Bruce, Joseph N. Bruce (c) [black], Bruce & Co.; h = 416 11^th w

1868: DC CD: Bruce & Fisher, photog., 304 Pa. Ave., (Joseph N. Bruce & James F.

Fisher)

1868: DC CD: Joseph N. Bruce, (colored), Bruce & Fisher; h = 418 11w

1868, Sept. 16: Notice: “Photographers.—Messrs. Bruce & Fisher, Photographers, late

of Washington, D.C., have located for a time in this place, and are

prepared to take pictures of all kinds. Satisfaction warranted in every

particular. Office in Mrs. Schooley’s building. Call and secure a

photograph whilst you have the opportunity.” [Bedford County Press and

Everett Press (Penna.)]

1869, Feb. 3: Notice: Bruce & Fisher, photographers, late of DC are still running a

studio in Mrs. Schooley’s building in Penna. [Bedford County Press]

1869, Sept. 8: Notice: Bruce & Fisher, photographers, late of DC are still running a

studio in Mrs. Schooley’s building in Penna. Ad has run from Feb. to Sept. [Bedford County Press]

1870: Census: Pa.: age 36 from DC., white, photographer. Lives with James F. Fisher,

age 23 from DC, male, black photographer

1870, Oct. 20: Notice: “Dissolution – The partnership heretofore existing between E. P.

Hildebrand and John N. Bruce, doing business under the name and style of

Hildebrand & Bruce has this day been dissolved by Mutual Consent. The

accounts on the books of the firm, have been assigned to John N. Bruce,

and persons knowing themselves indebted thereon, will make an early call

at the store of E. P. Hildebrand, and settle the same. E. P. Hildebrand,

John N. Bruce.” [Democrat Newspaper (Indiana, Penna.)]

NOTE: Same person?? The wording is the same. The store carried ladies

dress goods and trimmings. By 1878 Bruce [again, same person?] is back

in Indiana, Penna. in the clothing business]

BRYANT & SMITH [Henry Bryant & R. D. O. Smith]

[NOTE: Smith also, apparently wrongly identified as William Morris Smith]

1859, June 10: Copyrighted a stereoview of the North front of the Smithsonian, East

front of Capitol taken May 10^th, and several other views. They were listed

as both photographers and publishers in DC. In that document, Smith is

listed as “R.D.O. Smith”. This was the first stereo registered in

D.C. © Office. [U.S. District Court Records, L.C. Copyright office]

BRYANT, Henry ( )[see also BRYANT & SMITH]

1859, June 10: Copyrighted a stereoview of the North front of the Smithsonian, East

front of Capitol taken May 10^th, and several other views. They were listed

as both photographers and publishers in DC. In that document, Smith is

listed as “R.D.O. Smith”. This was the first stereo registered in D.C. ©

office. [U.S. District Court Records, L.C. Copyright office]

BURGER, A. [not located; poss. same as Andrew Burgess?]

1864: DC CD: photog.; h = 427 Mass. Ave.

BURGESS & Co. [Andrew Burgess & John Patch]

1874, Jan. 15: Ad: “Photograph Galleries. Burgess & Co., successors to Brady, 629

Pa. Ave.” [Nat. Repub., p.3]

1874, April 6: Ad: “Photograph Galleries. Burgess & Co., successors to Brady, 629

Pa. Ave. Negatives retouched by first class artist.”

[Nat. Repub., p.3]

1874, Nov. 3: Notice: “Dissolution of Partnership. In conformity with the conditions of

the articles of copartnership between Andrew Burgess and John

Patch, made and executed October 20, 1874, the said copartnership

is hereby dissolved by its own limitation. Washington, D.C.,

October 20, 1874. Andrew Burgess for Burgess & Co. oc31-

37*”[Nat. Repub. p.2]

BURGESS, Andrew (1837 - 1908) [fire arm inventor, patented almost 900 inventions]

NOTE: Biographical info.:

“He was a skilled photographer whose family-owned farm bordered the homestead of Civil War photographer Mathew Brady. Burgess ended up apprenticed to Brady and photographically documented Reconstruction in the post-Civil War South, as well as documenting the execution of the French-installed Emperor Ferdinand Maximilian in Mexico. Andrew Burgess is now credited to have taken the famous “Brady’s Lincoln” photograph that is found on the American five dollar bill.

Later, Burgess photographed the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) before returning to the United States in 1871. It is speculated that during his stint as a photographer during the Franco-Prussian War he developed an interest in firearm design. His first patent was granted Sept. 19, 1871, for converting the Peabody and Werndl arms to magazine rifles. When Brady fell on hard times in 1874, Burgess purchased the studio, but sold it back by 1876.” [https://www.forgottenweapons.com/biographies/andrew-burgess/ ]

1837, Jan. 16: born Dresden, NY

1850: Census: NY: Dresden: Age 13, from NY

1855: Joined Brady as apprentice [online National Port. Gallery bio & Brady Day Book]

1860: Census: Texas: Hardin: Age 22, from NY; Artist, lives on stock ranch

1863: Became Brady partner [online National Port. Gallery bio & Brady Day Book]

1870: Starts to manage Brady’s Washington, Gallery [Cobb, p.36]

1870, Oct. 31: Applies for passport

1870-1871: Photographs Franco-Prussian war [see above bio.]

1871: Returns to US from France [see above bio.]

1872: After Brady business folds, Burgess gets Day Book [NPG bio & Day Book]

1873: Advertised that he was the successor to M. B. Brady. In order to prevent Burgess

from obtaining actual control, Brady transferred the title of his gallery to

his wife. The business was then mortgaged to her brother Samuel, her

nephew Levin C. Handy, and John Patch a DC businessman; the goods in

the gallery were held by William H. Ward. [Cobb, p. 38-39]

1874: DC CD: Photog., 627 Pa. Ave., nw

1874: DC BD: Burgess & Co., photog., 627 Pa. Ave., nw

1875: DC CD: Burgess & Co., photog., 627 Pa. Ave., nw

1875: DC BD: Burgess & Co., photog., 627 Pa. Ave., nw

1875: DC BD ad: “Burgess, successor to M. B. Brady Photographic Art Gallery, 627

Pa. Ave.”

1876: Sells Brady studio [see bio. above]

1880: Census: NY: Tioga: Age 43 from NY; inventor

1900: Census: NY: Tioga: Age 61 from NY; gun inventor

1908, Dec. 8: Died St. Augustine, Fla.; buried Evergreen Cemetery, Tioga, NY

BURNS, Millie (? - ?)

[NOTE: According to Cobb she was a retoucher in Brady’s DC studio]

1865/1866?: At Brady’s

BUTLER, -- [William H.? (? -1854)]

[NOTE: This is likely William H. Butler (?-1854) a daguerrean in New York in 1841-

1842, 1845-1847, and, significantly, in 1848-1854 as a daguerreian at 251

Broadway, formerly Plumbe’s, noting he was the head operator for Plumbe and

purchased the gallery from him in 1847. [Craig’s]

1849, July 7: Notice: “Under the management of Mr. Butler, the establishment known as

Plumbe’s has reached a high state of perfection in that wonderful art.”

[Wash. Union, p. 2][NOTE: It is possible that this D.C. paper noted a

change in management of a New York gallery, but I doubt that, and

suspect this is a local notice]

CALVERT, Edward (1840 – 1880 or 1901 or ?)

NOTE: There are several Edward Calverts in DC. Appears he was a photographer only

one year.

1860: Census: DC: Age 21 from DC, bookbinder

1868: DC CD: bookbinder, 342 19^th w

1869: DC CD: photog., 342 19^th w

[1869: DC BD: not listed as either bookbinder or photog.]

1870: Census: DC: Age 30, from DC, bookbinder

CAMERON, John L., Jr. (? - ?)

[NOTE: There are several John Camerons in DC including his father, John Cameron, Sr.

I have not been able to definitely establish life dates for John Jr.]

1865: DC CD: botanist

1865-1866: Gardner’s photographic assistant and violinist [Cameron’s Pocket Diary;

Library of Congress online]

1866: DC CD: photog., h = 228 D n

1866, Nov. 27: Notice: A meeting of the St. Andrew’s Society met on the 26^th at

Gardner’s gallery to pay tribute to a former Pres. of the Society who died

in Scotland. The Recording Secretary of the Society is photographer,

David Knox. In addition to Alex. Gardner, John Cameron, another

photographer is also a manager of the Society. [Star, p.3]

1867: DC CD: Photo printer, 228 D s

1868: DC CD: Clerk at A G O, 381 19^th w

1869: DC CD: Clerk, h = 228 D s

1870: DC CD: Clerk A G O, 495 17^th

CARRIER, Asa L. (1823 – 1896) [same as A. D. Carrier?]

NOTE: See Craig’s for info. on A.D. Carrier, a daguerreian in NY, poss. same person as

Asa L., or at least same family.

1823, Sept. 8: Born Vermont

1850: Census: NY: NY: Age 26 from Vt.; locksmith

[1850s – see Craig’s for A.D. Carrier = poss. same person]

1860: Census: DC: Age 36, from Vt.; machinist

NOTE: He patented several inventions

1861, Apr. 16: Enlisted in Union militia, DC

1862: DC CD: Daguerreotypist; h= 4 ½ w & K s

1870: Census: DC: Age 46 from Vt; machinist

1880: Census: DC: Age 58 from Vt.; machinist

1896, Apr. 5: Died in DC; buried in Glenwood Cemetery, sect. A, lot 85, site 5.

Occupation listed as machinist

CARVALHO, Solomon Nunes (1815-1897) (Odeon Daguerreotype Rooms/ American

Photographic Gallery)

[Port – FindAGrave]

NOTE: Carvalho was an important and active daguerrean artist with studios in multiple

places, plus traveling around the US. Emphasis here is on his D.C. work. See

other resources for more biographical information.

1815, April 27: Born: Charleston, S. C. [NY Dict. Art]

1849, Nov. 13 & Nov. 27, 28, Dec. 4: Notice: “Arrivals at the hotels:

National Hotel cor. Pa. & 6^th … S. N. Carvalho” [Daily Republic, p.3]

1849, Dec. 7: Notice: “American Photographic Gallery. S. N. Carvalho, Artist, of

Baltimore, respectfully informs the citizens of Washington, and the public

in general, that he has rented the Daguerreotype Gallery formerly occupied by Van Loan & Chase, at the corner of 4 ½ street and Pa. ave., where he is prepared to make pictures which will bear comparison with any Daguerreotypes in the world. He has established at Baltimore a reputation for making the best pictures in that city; and the public at Washington have now the opportunity of procuring an artistic picture, such an [sic] one as will be worthy a place in the cabinet of the connoisseur or the ladies’ centre table. Groups of any number of persons can be taken, with all the classical arrangement of light and shadow, expression, and beautiful tone of a highly finished mezzotint engraving. N.B. The greatest care taken in procuring correct likenesses of children; and in no instance will a charge be made without the picture is perfectly satisfactory. Call and examine specimens. Post mortem cases promptly attended to. Corner of 4 ½ st. and Penn. Av. Dec. 7” [The Republic, p.3]

[Ad runs through end of Dec. 1849 and at least until April 23, 1850]

1850, Jan. 1: Ad from Dec. 29 continues at least thru April 23^rd.

1850: DC CD/BD Ad: “S. N. Carvalho’s Gallery of Ivory and other Daguerreotypes, at

the Odeon, cor. of 4 ½ st. and Pa. ave.; and 205 Baltimore St., Baltimore.

N.B. coudy days the best time for adults”

1853-4: Accompanied Fremont expedition to the Rocky Mountain region.

1880 onwards: President Carvalho Heating and Super Heating Co. & inventor

1897, May 21: Died: Pleasantville, NY

1897, May 24: Obit: “Solomon N. Carvalho. Solomon N. Carvalho, an artist, of No.

479 Mount Hope Place, died at his home on Friday. Mr. Carvalho was

eighty-two years old. He leaves two sons, S. S. Carvalho, the newspaper

man, who lives at Metuchen, N.J., and David N. Carvalho of No. 42 East

133 st., who is at present in California.” [NY Tribune, p.7]

1897: Buried: Beth Olom Cemetery, Ridgewood, Queens, NY [FindAGrave]

CHASE & HATCH (W.B. or Wm. M?, and Henry F. Hatch)

1865: IRS: DC: paid $4.17 photog. license fee “In DC from New Bedford” which

means probably W. B. Chase. [Kelbaugh]

CHASE, ? (? - ?) [Poss. Theodore L.] [VAN LOAN & CHASE]

NOTE: “ While Chase is a common name, it is possibly he is Theodore L. Chase who

was active in Philadelphia in 1846-1847.” [Steele; Pioneer Am. Photog.]

NOTE: For more info. and ads, see VAN LOAN & CHASE

1849, Dec. 11: Ad: “American Photographic Gallery. S. N. Carvalho, Artist, of

Baltimore, respectfully informs the citizens of Washington, and the public in general, that he has rented the Daguerreotype Gallery formerly occupied by Van Loan & Chase, at the corner of 4 ½ st. and Pa. ave., …”[Daily Repub., D.C., p.3]

CHASE, W. B. (? - ?) [same as William M?]

NOTE: There is a William B. Chase who lives in Mass. all of his life except 1870 when

he is in DC as an Ass’t. Collector. Same person?

1867: DC BD & CD: Photog., E s & 4 ½ w; h = 373 Pa. Ave

1869: DC CD: Ass’t reg. 17 4 ½ w [same person?]

CHASE, William M. (? - ?)[same as W. B.?]

1867: MD: Balt.: CD: Stereographer at R. B. Ridgley’s cor. Lexington & Eutaw

1868: Photog. w/ David Bachrach at the Naval Academy, Annapolis [Kelbaugh; Md.]

1870: DC CD: Photog. 632 F NW

1872: Md: Balt.: CD: nog at Lexington & Eutaw

CHEDAL, Duncan (1845 – 1874)

1865: DC CD: Ambrotypist; h = 404 D n

1868: DC CD: Printer; h = 404 D n

1869: DC CD: Photog.; h = 404 D n

1870: DC CD: Photog.; h = 404 D n

[NOTE: Lives with James Duncan Chedal (his father), a printer, and Wm.

Chedal, a bookbinder]

1871-1874: DC CD: See BATY

1874, March 10: Died, DC; buried Glenwood Cemetery, sect. D, lot 328, site 5

CHILD, George F. [Fredric?] (? - ?)

1863: IRS: paid $25 photo license fee; 304 Pa. Ave. [IRS Tax Assessements]

[1863: R. Platt, and J. H. Young, both photog., also listed at this address]

1864: DC BD & CD: Photog., 304 Pa. Ave.; h = 304 Pa. Ave.

1864: IRS: paid $25 photo license fee; 304 Pa. Ave. [Kelbaugh]

1864, Feb. 6: Star: Was in court for charge of being drunk

1865: DC BD & CD: Photog., 304 Pa. Ave.; h = 304 Pa. Ave.

[1865: Theodore A. Crosbie, photog., also at 304 Pa. Ave.]

[1866: DC CD: G. Child, nog, 1 Franklin Pl. I n = same person?]

[1866-1868: Joseph N. Bruce, photog., black, listed at 304 Pa. Ave.]

[1867: Frederick D. Hall, photog., also at 304 Pa. Ave.]

[1868: James F. Fisher, photog., at 304 Pa. Ave.]

CHILDS & ADAMS

1865: IRS: Paid $3.33 photog. license; Camp Barry, DC (near H St, ne)[Kelbaugh]

CHURCHILL, John Edwin (Prof.) (Aug. 1822 – 1905+)

NOTE: Entry from “The Churchill Family in America,” by Gardner Asaph Churchill and

others: “[John Edwin Churchill; birth listed as Aug. 1822] He acquired a

good education, but was of eccentric nature and Bohemian habits and

tastes. He was a painter of ability, a poet and a lecturer of some note, and

also a fine musician and toured the country with Ole Bull about the time of

the Civil War. About 1871 he wandered away from his family, and was

last heard of in Savannah, Ga. with Sidney Lanier, painting his portrait,

but was very ill. That was in 1881.” [Reports show he lived much longer.

See below] Churchill posts, or is referenced in many ads and news stories. No attempt has been made to locate all non-photo related items.

1856, Sept. 6: Notice: “Prof. J. E. Churchill, the distinguished American artist, is in this

city. Some of his exquisite specimens of photographs in oil, among which

is a fine likeness of Mrs. Julia Dean Hayne, may be seen at Whitehurst’s

gallery.” [Star]

1857, Nov. 17 = see ad Jan. 9, 1857. Code suggests the ad started late in 1856

1857, Jan. 9: Ad: “Root & Granniss, Photographic, Ambrotype, & Daguerreotype

Gallery, No. 352 Pa. ave., near 7^th st., Washington.

Photographs, plain or colored, in oil, water, or pastel; Ambrotypes

tinted and colored, new style; and Daguerreotypes taken in the highest

perfection of the art. The public are invited to visit our gallery and

examine specimens. Prof. J. E. Churchill, Artist. Photographs in oil on

canvas, cabinet and life sized, at Root & Granniss’s nov.17-iftf” [DNI p.2]

[If code in ad is correct, the ad started in Nov. 17 1856. Ad runs to at least

March 9, 1857]

1857, May 5: Notice: “A Card. J. E. Churchill, portrait painter, is requested to call at

No. 212 Penn. Avenue, where he may hear of something in which he is interested. May5-3t” [Star, p.2]

1857, Aug. 26: Star: “Prof. J. E. Churchill has just finished a fine photographic portrait

in oil, of President Buchanan.”

1858, Oct. 28: Notice: “Prof. J. R. [sic] Churchill will on Thurs. next, give a reading of

his new play, ‘The Rose of Wissahiken, or the Night of the Third of July

1776,’ at Crouch’s Academy of Music. Prof. C. is favorably known in this

city as an artist, and competent judges assure us that this manuscript play

shows him to be quite as proficient in dramatic composition as upon the

canvas.”[Star]

1857, Nov. 5: “Washington Galleries: Prof. Churchill is painting photographs

here with success. The Professor is a man of great genius as an artist,

poet, and musician.” [P&FAJ vol. 10, ns. Vol. 4, Dec. 1857, p. 380]

1857, Dec. 4: Ad: “Photograph Oil Painting.—Professor J. E. Chuchill, Artist,

respectfully returns thanks to his friends and patrons for past

encouragement, and solicits a continuation of the same. Studio at

McCarty’s Gallery, No. 448 Penna. Ave., three doors east of 4 ½ St.”

[DNI]

1857, Dec. 5: Ad: “Portraits. The photograph has opened to art a new and more

perfect method of rendering portraits. Hitherto the best likenesses

executed with the pencil more or less fell short of nature. Now the

photographic portraits executed in colors by Prof. Churchill combine the

truth of nature with the perfection of art and science to produce a faultless

picture. We advise any one desiring a perfect portrait to visit Prof. C’s

studio on Penna. Ave.”[DNI]

1857, Dec. 13: Ad: “Photograph Oil Paintings, Professor J. E. Churchill, Artist,

respectfully returns thanks to his friends and patrons for past

encouragement, and solicits a continuance of the same. Studio at

McCarty’s Gallery, No. 448 Pa. ave., three doors east of 4 ½ street.

Dec.5-tf” [Wash. Union, p.3]

1858, Feb. 27: Ad: “The lovers of the drama and the patriotic muse will not forget or

neglect, we hope, Prof. Churchill’s reading of his historical play, ‘The

Third of July 1776’ tonight at Crouch’s Musical Academy”

[NOTE: Churchill’s ads in DC run thru March 27, 1858.]

1859, March 29: Phila., Pa.: Ad: “Academy of Music and Art.—Prof. J. Edwin

Churchill has opened an Academy of Music and Art, at No. 202 Franklin

street, above Race. Singing classes commencing on Monday night, March

21^st, in different parts of the city, and Camden. Class for teachers every

Saturday, from 9 to 12 morning. Children’s class (free), from 3 to 5

afternoon. Also, lessons in design and coloring each day in the week

except Saturdays and Sundays.”[Sunday Dispatch, Phila]

1860: Pa: Phila.: CD: Churchill, J. Edwin, artist, 1024 Chestnut St.; h = diff. address

NOTE: Also listed at that address is photographists John L. Gihon and

E.R. Morgan & Co. This is one block from McClees’ Phila. Studio.

1860: Census: Ct.: Fairfield: Age 40, artist, born in Penna. [apparently staying in a

hotel]

1860, Feb. 25: Penna.: Article: Recently read his ‘The Rose of Wissahickon’ in

Norristown. “We learn further that this piece will soon be produced at the

National Theatre in Philadelphia, under the management of the celebrated

Dan Rice.” Article continues. [Mining Record, Pottsville, Pa]

1860, Dec. 4: Springfield, Mass.: News: “Mr. J. Edwin Churchill, who is reported

in the Berkshire Courier and The Republican, as having left Great

Barrington and some unpaid bills at the same time, has returned, and gives

the lie to the scandal circulating against him. He proposes to settle his

own affairs honorable, and only asks that other people will mind their own

business,--a just purpose and a reasonable request, which we trust will

both be realized.”[Springfield (Mass.) Republican)]

1862, Sept. 18: Cleveland, Ohio: Ad: “Photographs Painted in Oil. Prof. J. Edwin

Churchill, Artist, of Washington, City, D.C., is now permanently located

in Cleveland, at No. 243 Superior St., room No. 11, where he is prepared

to paint photographic Portraits in every style, from miniature to Life-size.

Also, drawing and coloring taught every day. Paintings received on sale.

Old pictures cleaned and repaired.” [Plain Dealer][Ad appears several

times thru Nov.]

1864, Dec. 10: Chicago Ill.: News: “Denominational Items: Br. J. Edwin Churchill,

who was fellowshipped in August last, at the session of the Miami

Association, is desirous of employment in the ministry of the Word. He

wishes, ultimately, to secure a permanent location; but, in the meantime,

will accept any opportunity that may be offered him for occasional

preaching. Congregations destitute of ministerial labors will do well to

give him a trial.—Star”[The New Covenant, Chicago]

1865, March 4: Cleveland, Ohio: News: “By letter from this young Brother, now in

Ohio, we learn that he has engaged in the ministry and is desirous of

obtaining a permanent location as pastor of a society. He would prefer to

be settled to preach all the time to one congregation. His address is 806,

Lake street, Cleveland, Ohio.” [The Gospel Banner, Augusta, Maine]

1866, Oct. 20: Michigan: News: Close of the 18^th annual fair of Oakland.

“…Eight portraits of well-known citizens of Pontiac occupy the next

space. They are painted by Prof. J. Edwin Churchill, who, though only a

resident of the place for a year past, has already established a high

reputation as an artist. Among the portraits are recognized Dr. Bagg, Hon.

A. C. Baldwin, J. H. Morris, and A. C. Jennings, all of them excellent

likenesses. A collection of photographs, painted in oil by Prof. Churchill,

are well executed.” [Detroit Free Press, Michigan]

1870, Aug. 12: Ohio: News: “House of Representatives…On motion of Allen, of

Jasper, the use of this hall was tendered to J. Edwin Churchill, for the

purpose of delivering a lecture to night.”[Daily Columbus Enquirer, Ohio]

1872, Jan. 20: Charleston, SC: News: “Professor J. Edwin Churchill, poet, author and

artist, has returned to Charleston, after an absence of fifteen years. His

atelier will be found at No. 75 Broad street, between Mind and Meeting

streets, where he will be pleased to see his friends and show them some

choice specimens of portrait paintings. Among his works of art we notice

a picture of our townsman, Dr. H. M. Cleckley, and one of the lamented

Julia Dean Hayne, which has been awarded the first prize at several

exhibitions. These may be seen at Mr. Hickey’s, in King street.”[Charleston Daily News, Charleston, SC]

1872, Jan. 20: Charleston, SC: News: “Art—Professor J. Edwin Churchill, whose

rooms are in Broad street, a few doors West of the Guard House,

permitted us to inspect yesterday two photographs, one of Dr. Kleckley, of

this city, and the other of Julia Dean, the well known actress, colored in

oil. They are works of decided merit, and stamp the Artist as a man of

rare taste and fine execution at the easel. The Professor will remain in our

city a few days and will be most happy to transform simple photographs

into beautiful and enduring oil portraits at a moderate cost.”[Charleston

Daily Courier, SC]

1872, March 14: Charleston, SC: Giving poetic, dramatic readings and music at the

Hibernian Hall.

1872, March 16: Charleston, SC: News: “The Parlor Rehearsal of Professor J. Edwin

Churchill came off at the appointed hour last evening at the Hibernian

Hall. There were very few persons in the hall, and these seem to have

been so well satisfied with ‘what they saw’ that they are not likely to

trouble the professor again.”[Charleston Daily News]

1873, Jan. 16: Alabama: News: “Prof. J. Edwin Churchill, formerly a

Universalist minister, in which capacity he has located in Eufaula, where

he proposes to give instruction in vocal and instrumental music, and in

painting and drawing.”[Troy Messenger, Alabama]

1873, Feb. 6: Eufaula, Alabama: “A Magnificent Work of Art. It is well known to our

readers that Prof. J. Edwin Churchill, an artist of established reputation,

has opened a studio in this city, which we are pleased to hear is being

liberally patronized. He has several specimens of his skill here, among

which may be mentioned an oiled photograph of Attorney General Benj.

Gardner, which surpasses anything of the kind that we have ever seen.

[continues describing another portrait] It can be seen in his studio, over

Bray’s hardware store, and we advise all who admire correct pictures and

fine painting to call and see it.”[Eufaula Weekly Times, Alabama]

1873, Feb. 13: Eufaula, Alabama: News: Poem by Churchill published “Land of

the South” supporting the south’s position “Land of the noble, gallant

dead, Who fought for truth and right…”[Eufaula Weekly Times]

1873, Dec. 24: Alabama: News: Churchill to give concert for benefit of the poor.

Proceeds to be divided between himself and the poor. [Union Springs

Herald, Alabama]

1874, Jan. 1: Alabama: News : “Prof. J. Edwin Churchill, formerly a travelling

preacher, and as such known to our citizens, announces himself as ‘the

eminent English Vocalist, Author and Poet,’ in which capacity he is now

giving a musical and dramatic entertainment, which he calls a “Parlor

Rehearsal.” He was at Union Springs on the 24^th of Dec.” [Troy

Messenger, Alabama]

1874, Feb. 12: News: “A correspondent of the New York Graphic,

writing from Union Springs, gives the following wonderful history of a

gentleman much less favorably known in this community; ‘Union Springs

is the residence of Prof. J. Edwin Churchill, who worked fifteen years

steadily on one painting now in the city of Mexico. He has, it is claimed,

painted more portraits of distinguished men than any living artist. He is

also a professor of music and phrenology, brings out prima donnas, and is

a Universalist preacher.” [Troy Messenger]

1875, Feb. 3: News: “Oglethorpe, Ga., Dec. 7. WE the undersigned citizens of

Oglethorpe and vicinity, having had the pleasure of listening to Professor

J. Edwin Churchill’s course of lectures on ‘Man and His Relations,’

embracing the sciences of phrenology, phsychology [sic], magnetism, and

spiritualism, and appreciating his deep researches on ‘This Age of

Progress,’ do hereby recommend him as a man deserving the highest

consideration in any community. As a poet, painter and musician, he is

too well known to require any recommendation on our part. [names

follow]” Newberry Weekly Herald, S.C] [Wonder what prompted this]

1876, Feb. 29: Georgia: Ad: “School of Music, Art, Drawing and Painting. Vocal and

Instrumental Lessors in High Art. Prof. J. Edwin Churchill, from the

Normal School of Music, New York, and the Academy of Design,

Philadelphia, will open classes on Monday, February 21^st, at his studio

over Johnston’s Jewelry Store.” [There follows list of classes, prices and

references] [Georgia Weekly Telegraph, Journal and Messenger]

1880: Census: Georgia: Savannah: “J. Edwin Churchill, Artist, age 58, from Ohio,

widowed.

1884, Nov. 16: Savannah, Georgia: Ad: “Meeting of ‘The Liberals’ at Prof. J. Edwin

Churchill’s studio at 8 o’clock Sunday night, 34 Barnard Street.”

[Savannah Morning News]

1892, May 14: Tallahassee. Florida: Ad: “Prof. J. Edwin Churchill, the free-thought

evangelist, will speak at Long’s Grove Sunday afternoon at 4 o’clock;

subject, ‘Science and Religion.’ All are cordially invited.” [Weekly

Floridian]

1905, Aug. 29: Atlanta, Georgia: News: “The Rev. J. Edwin Churchill preached at the

city hall Sunday.” [The Atlanta Constitution]

CLAGETT, Maurice (ca. 1834? - ?)

1860: Census: DC: Dry good clerk, age 26 from DC; lives alone

1865: DC CD: photog.; h = 444 8^th w ; at same address is “Morris Clagett, clerk”

1865: IRS: Tax: Paid $2 on watch, Maurice Clagett 444 8^th st

[1866: Va: Richmond CD: Maurice Clagett, furng goods = same person?]

[1874: Va: Richmond CD: Maurice Clagett, salesman = same person?]

[1884: DC BD: Clagetts Photograph Pub. Co., 819 Market Sp. = same person?]

[1884: DC CD: Clagetts Photo. Pub. Co., Austin D. Duganne, manager; Clagett not

listed]

CLARK, Harry (? - ?)[also Clarke?, which see]

1864, May 3: IRS: Paid $15 photog. license fee; 452 NY Ave

1865: DC BD & CD: Photog., 452 NY Ave.; h = same

1865: IRS: Va: Alexandria: Paid $8.33 photog lic. Fee; Round House, Alex., Va.

CLARK, Henry H. (? - ?) (Evans & Clark)[Thomas R. Evans & Henry H. Clark]

1862: DC CD: Ambrotypist, Evans & Clark, 520 7^th w

[1863: DC CD: Clerk War Dept., h = 469 2^nd e = same person?]

CLARKE, John Hawley (1832 or 1836 – 1914)[a.k.a. “Clark John”, wrongly]

1832: Born Wilmington, Delaware

NOTE: Also birth dates listed as 1831, and 1836]

1851: Letter from S. Rush Seibert to Dr. Samuel Busey “During the winter of 1851 and

1852 I negotiated with him (Mr. N. S. Bennett) for the purchase of the gallery for Marcus A. Root and John H. Clark, who immediately obtained possession and refitted the skylight and rooms, and there produced many fine specimens of the Daguerrean art.” [Busey p. 93

1852: Opened gallery in DC

1853: DC CD: Root & Clark [Clarke] Pa. near 7th

1853: 352 Pa. Ave., nr. 7^th

1853: Clarke obtained training as an operator from Room in D.C. and could have

learned the collodion process from Cutting at Root’s gallery in 1853.

[Smith & Tucker, p.75]

1856: Moves to New Orleans and opens one of the first studios there. [Smith & Tucker,

p.74]

1856-1880: Not researched

1880: Census: Louisiana: New Orleans: Age 48, Photog., from Penna.

1900: Census: Louisiana: New Orleans: Age 64, born Jan. 1836, from Delaware

1914, July 15: Died New Orleans

1914, July 17: Times Picayune obit: “Clarke, ‘Father’ of Photography in State, Dies…

After being hopelessly ill for more than a year, John Hawley

Clarke, Confederate war veteran, one of the oldest Masons in Louisiana, in point of service for the order, and ‘father’ of photography in this State, expired in his home, 1504 Esplanade avenue, late Wednesday night. A paralytic stroke, sustained shortly before he was re-elected grand prelate of the Knights Templar Commandory of Louisiana, last February, was directly responsible for his death. He was eighty-two years of age.

…Born in Wilmington, Delaware, he moved to Philadelphia, when

still in his ‘teens. Here he became a pupil of Marcus A. Root, ‘father’ of photography in the United States. While he was not yet twenty the pupil had learned about all his master knew. Young Clarke then moved to Washington, D.C., after first establishing for Mr. Root, his master, studios in St. Louis, Boston, New York and other cities.

In those days, the daguerreotype was the only format of

photography known, though Mr. Clarke was instrumental in introducing throughout many Northern cities the stereoscopic form of the daguerreotype, a [?] improvement over the style then in vogue. In Washington he photographed many celebrities, including Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Jenny Lind, the Swedish singer, and Thomas Benton, the famous attorney.

… In the late ‘50s, Mr. Clarke moved to New Orleans… The

Smithsonian Institute, desiring a picture of John Audubon, ordered him to

at once obtain a photograph of the famous naturalist. This he executed

from a daguerreotype furnished him by Audubon’s family. This piece of

work netted fame that was to prove advantageous later; for he received an

invitation to align himself with professors of Smithsonian Institute in an

endeavor to find a method of natural color photography. Their combined

efforts bore but little fruit, though Mr. Clarke lived to see their dream,

thought hopeless, come true in later years.

…His first studio [in New Orleans] was at 101 Canal Street, and

later was located several blocks up the street.” [obit. continued with story

of being Confederate officer on Texas-Mexico border, captured, escaped

in Mexico, bartered for food and clothing for confederate army,

recaptured, saved. Masonic work. Wife died, no children.]

COFFIN, Ira A.

1865: IRS: DC: Paid $15 photog. license fee; from Portland, Maine [Kelbaugh]

COHEN, Mark (ca. 1828 - ?)

Ca. 1828: Born New York

1862: DC CD: nog, 489 L n

1863: DC CD: Dealer in photos; 489 L n

1863: IRS: DC: Paid $1 tax on horse carriage; h = on L street

1863: Draft registration: DC: Gentleman, age 35 from NY; h = on L street

Also: 1863: Draft registration: DC: Stationer, age 36 from NY; h = 489 L street

1864: DC CD: photog.; h = 489 L n

COHNER, Samuel Alexander (1833 -1869)

* [NOTE: Full name and dates from Cuban photo blog:

http://photoblog.alonsorobisco.es/2014/12/fotografia-antigua-cohner-

samuel-la.html]

1857: “Nov. 5. Mr. Snelling--…Mr. Jas. McCleese [sic] of Philadelphia, has

opened his new gallery below the Kirkwood House. His operator

is Sam’l A. Cohner, Esq., a practical chemist of some notoriety; he

is very successful in all of his operations…”

[P&FAJ vol. 10, ns vol. 4, Dec., p. 380]

1858: DC CD: 308 Pa. Ave.

1858, April: “Dear Snelling…Mr. McClees’ gallery has a fine start; and well

it might, for such a host of noted men in his employ are bound to

succeed. Their pictures rank with the best in the country. Mr.

Samuel Croner [sic] is the operator. Of him I have spoken before,

but his pictures have improved so much of late, that I may add a

kind word for him again. Some pictures that he has taken of a tribe

of Indians would do credit to the first photographers in the country,

and so exquisite are they in richness of tone, that they would be

spoiled to even touch them with Indian ink.” [P&FAJ vol. 11, ns

vol. 5, April, p. 98]

1859, June: “Phila., March 16^th. Mr. Snelling... Samuel Cohner, one of the

most successful in this or any other country, now at Havana

[Cuba] making a fortune, so his friends say, was a sailor before

the mast but a few years past, and soon, ad libitum.” [P&FAJ vol.

12 ns 6, June, p. 30]

NOTE: Might he have acquired C.D. Frederick’s Havana studio which

he operated 1856-1858? [Craigs]

1862: Moved to Havana, Cuba. Studio at #62 Calle de O’Reilly, “La Galerie

Fotografica de S. A.”

1869: Murdered in Cuba. “Murder of Mr. Cohner—One of our subscribers in

Havana, Mr. S. A. Cohner, 62 Calie de O’Reilly, was murdered

one day last month. He was in a Café in which a great tumult

arose between some volunteers and regular troops. The volunteers

outside commenced firing indiscriminately through the windows

into the crowd, killing several and wounding many. Among these

killed was Mr. Cohner. His body was demanded by and delivered

to the U. S. Consul, who told the authorities that if they could not

protect American citizens his Government would undertake to do

it. Mr. Cohner was an old subscriber of this journal, and formerly

resided in Philadelphia, where he practiced the art with great

success. [JofP&AA #18, Feb. 15, 1869 p. 286]

COLE, David H. (? - ?)

1865: IRS: DC: Paid $25 photog. license fee; 424 Pa. Ave. [Kelbaugh]

NOTE: 424 was Vannerson’s & Crittenden & Hawe’s studios in 1850s;

Whitehurst’s and others after Cole]

COLEMAN, James (? - ?)

1864: DC CD: merchant; h = 46 Dunbarton, Georgetown

1865: DC CD: photog; h = 46 Dunbarton, Georgetown

COOPER, Glenn W. (? - ?)

1863: IRS: DC: paid $25 photog. license fee; traveling photog.; h = Chester Co., Pa.

1864: IRS: DC: Paid $25 photog. license fee, Va. [Kelbaugh]

1865: DC BD & CD: Photog., 92 Bridge St., Georgetown; h = 100 Bridge St.

1868: DC CD: Orme & Cooper [Insurance Agents], 78 Dunbarton, Georgetown

1869: DC CD: Orme & Cooper, 78 Dunbarton, Georgetown

1870: DC CD: Orme & Cooper, 78 Dunbarton, Georgetown

CORY, F. M. (Bennett’s Daguerrean Gallery)

NOTE: This person not yet located. This cannot be Francis Merriam Cory, an “artist”

from New Jersey who died Jan. 2, 1851)

1848: Daguerreian in partnership with Newsom, Fayetteville, NC [Craig’s]

1849-1850: Daguerreian with no partner, Fayetteville, NC [Craig’s]

1850: Noted in Warrenton, N.C. and Washington [DC] [Craig’s]

1851, Feb. 13: Ad: “Bennett’s National Sky Light Gallery, Pennsylvania Avenue, one

door east of Z. D. Gilman’s Drug Store. To meet the increasing patronage

of this establishment the Sitting and Exhibition Rooms have been

enlarged, and fitted up in a style second to none in this country.

In was necessary, also, to have more assistance in the operating

department; and I have therefore associated with me Mr. F. M. Cory, from

New York, which will enable us to maintain the present popularity of this

Gallery. … Jan. 1, signed N.S. Bennett and F.M. Cory” [ad continues with

more details about views etc.] [National Era, DC]

COX, Benjamin T.

1862: IRS: DC: Paid $25 photog. license fee; N.J. Ave., bet. B & C [Kelbaugh]

1863: DC BD & CD: Photog., 511 N.J. Ave.

CREESEY, Orange J.

1865: DC CD: Feed & produce, Marshall & Creesey, 361 8 w; h = 414 K n

1866: DC BD: Photog, 667 Pa. Ave.; h = same

CRITTENDEN & HAWES (James H. Crittenden; Jonathan Hawes)

1857, Nov. 11: Ad: “Portraits and likenesses of every style. Daguerreotypes,

ambrotypes, photographs, &c. Taken by an experienced artist, in the best

manner, at moderate rates, at our gallery, No. 424 Penna. Ave., in Lane & Tucker’s Building. Ladies and gentlemen are invited to visit our gallery gratis, and their attention is particularly directed to the new style of patent ambrotypes, showing two distinct portraits of the same person by merely reversing the picture. Crittenden & Hawes” [Weekly American, p.3; ad continues at least to Jan. 30, 1858]

1858: DC BD: ad: “Crittenden & Hawes Ambrotype and Photo Gallery, 424 Pa. Ave.

over Lane & Tucker’s Building. Ambrotypes neatly set in lockets, rings &

breastpins. B. F. Jenney artist” [p. xxxiv]

1858, Jan. 9: Ad: continuation of Nov. 11, 1857 ad.

1858: Jan. 23 & Jan. 30 Weekly American, DC: Ad: Dags., Ambros., Photos., 424

Penna. Ave., over Lane & Tucker [Weekly American, p. 3 ]

1858: DNI: March 15: “Notice—Daguerreotype Gallery and Fixtures at Public

Auction.—By virtue an order of distrain from Lane & Tucker and to me

Directed against the goods and chattles of Crittenden & Hawes, I have

seized and taken all the right, title, claim and interest of the said

Crittenden & Hawes in and to the following goods and chattles, to wit:

150 Daguerreotypes, 6 Pictures and Cases, 1 desk, chairs, and

carpeting, And every thing requisite for a daguerreotype

gallery, with all the fixtures.

And I hereby give notice that on Saturday, the 20^th day of March,

1858, at ten o’clock A.M., in the daguerreotype room over the store of

Lane & Tucker, on Pennsylvania avenue, between four and a half and

sixth streets, I shall offer the said property to the highest bidder for cash.

J. H. Wise, bailiff and constable. The above gallery will be for rent from

the day of sale. Wm. Tucker”

NOTE: The studio had been Vannerson’s 1854-1856. After auction, there are

ads to rent the gallery from ca. April 27, 1858 – ca. July 20, 1858. No ad

yet found announcing new proprietor although the studio is up and

running in the 1860s by several operators.

CRITTENDEN, James H. (Crittenden & Hawes)

[NOTE: Benjamin Franklin Jenney worked for them in 1858 in DC and then with

Crittenden in 1859 in Mass.]

1857: Ad: “Portraits and likenesses of every style. Daguerreotypes, ambrotypes,

photographs, &c. Taken by an experienced artist, in the best manner, at moderate rates, at our gallery, No. 424 Penna. Ave., in Lane & Tucker’s Building. Ladies and gentlemen are invited to visit our gallery gratis, and their attention is particularly directed to the new style of patent ambrotypes, showing two distinct portraits of the same person by merely reversing the picture. Crittenden & Hawes” [Weekly American,

Nov. 11, p.3; ad continues at least to Jan. 30, 1858]

1858: DC BD & CD: Photog., 424 Pa. Ave.; h = at Mass.

1858: DC BD: ad: “Crittenden & Hawes Ambrotype and Photo Gallery, 424 Pa. Ave.

over Lane & Tucker’s Building. Ambrotypes neatly set in lockets, rings &

breastpins. B. F. Jenney artist” [p. xxxiv]

1858, Jan. 9: Ad: “Portrait and Likenesses of every style. Daguerreotypes, ambrotypes

photographs, &c. Taken by an experienced artist, in the best manner, at

moderate rates, at our gallery, No. 424 Pa. Ave., in Lane & Tucker’s Building. Ladies and gentlemen are invited to visit our gallery gratis, and their attention is particularly directed to the new style of patent ambrotypes, showing two distinct portraits of the same person by merely reversing the picture. Crittenden & Hawes n7 tf” [Weekly American, p.3]

1858: Jan. 23 & Jan. 30 Weekly American, DC: Ad: Dags., Ambros., Photos., 424

Penna. Ave., over Lane & Tucker [Weekly American, p. 3 ]

1858: DNI: March 15: “Notice—Daguerreotype Gallery and Fixtures at Public

Auction.—By virtue an order of distrain from Lane & Tucker and to me

Directed against the goods and chattles of Crittenden & Hawes, I have

seized and taken all the right, title, claim and interest of the said

Crittenden & Hawes in and to the following goods and chattles, to wit:

150 Daguerreotypes, 6 Pictures and Cases, 1 desk, chairs, and

carpeting, And every thing requisite for a daguerreotype

gallery, with all the fixtures.

And I hereby give notice that on Saturday, the 20^th day of March,

1858, at ten o’clock A.M., in the daguerreotype room over the store of

Lane & Tucker, on Pennsylvania avenue, between four and a half and

sixth streets, I shall offer the said property to the highest bidder for cash.

J. H. Wise, bailiff and constable. The above gallery will be for rent from

the day of sale. Wm. Tucker”

NOTE: The studio had been Vannerson’s 1854-1856. After auction, there are

ads to rent the gallery from ca. April 27, 1858 – ca. July 20, 1858. No ad

yet found announcing new proprietor although the studio is up and

running in the 1860s by several operators.

CROSBIE, Theodore A.

1862: DC CD: Daguerreotypist; h = 53 A n [as Crosby]

1863: DC CD: Daguerreotypist; h = 53 A n [as Crosby]

1863: Star: Draft Board of Enrollment exempted him; listed him as “alien”

1864-1866: IRS: DC Paid $25 (1864 &1866 paid $25 photog. lic. Fee;

538 7^th w (1864-186*6) [Kelbaugh]

1864: DC BD & CD: Photog., 538 7^th w; h = 53 A n

1865: DC BD & CD: Photog., 538 7^th w; h = 53 A n

1865: IRS: DC: Paid $15 photog. lic. Fee; 304 Pa. Ave.

1866: DC BD & CD: Photog., 538 7^th w; h = 53 A n

1867: Phila., Pa: BD & CD: 604 Arch Street, Phila., Pa. [He stays here and becomes an

electrotyper]

CUDLIPP, Lemuel D. (1853-1925)

NOTE: Poss. related to Wm. B., but no connection yet found.

1853, Sept.: Born: Wash., D.C. [1900 Census]

1860: Census: DC: Age 7, born DC; lives with family in boarding house

1870: Census: DC: Age 18, born Pa., at home; lives with family in boarding house

Ca. 1870: Publisher of stereographs, 338 Pa. Ave. [Examples located on yellow, flat

mount cards suggesting they were made in 1870s]

1880: Census: DC: Age 27, from DC, photog.; lives with wife (Eliz. Nimmo – might

she be related to photog. of same name?) and son

1880 – 1886: See BATY

1883: Employed at Pension Office, prob. as clerk [Register of Civil, Military and Naval

Services]

1900: Census: DC: Age 46, born Sept. 1853, govt. clerk; lives with Elizabeth, three

sons and a daughter.

1910: Census: DC: Age 46, from DC, clerk; lives with Elizabeth and two sons.

1920: Census: DC: Age 66, from 66 from DC, clerk; lives with Elizabeth

1925, March 3: Died: Wash., D.C.

1925, March 10: Buried: Glenwood Cemetery, Sect. B, Lot 160, site 11, unmarked

Grave in lot with W. F. Nimmo [FindAGrave; Cemetery Record]

CUDLIPP, William Benjamin (1836 – 1895) (also Cudlip)

ca 1836: Born, Maryland

1860: DC CD: Ambrotypist, 426 Pa. Ave.; h = 7^th w & D n

1860: Census: DC: Cabinet maker, age 24, from Md.

1862: DC CD: Photog., h = 500 K n

1862: DC CD: Ambrotypist; h = 460 7^th w [as Cudlip]

1863: DC CD: Photog., h = 500 K n

1864: DC CD: Hill & Cudlipp bowling saloon; h = 500 K n

1865: DC CD: nog; h = 500 K n

1867: DC CD: nog; h = 452 8^th w; same address as Geo. Cudlipp a carriage painter.

1868: DC CD: nog; h = 537 12 w

1870: Census: DC: Age 34, born, Md.; clerk at Interior Dept. [Patent Office]

1880: Census: DC: Age 48, born, Md.; night watchman, P.O. [same spouse etc. as listed

in other records]

1895, Aug. 12: Died. Buried Glenwood Cemetery, Sect. A, Lot 38, Site 2

CULVER, “Professor” (?-?)

[NOTE: There was a Culver (no first name) in Copopa, Ohio in 1853; a Benj. L. Culver

in N.H. in 1860, and a William Culver, in NY in 1850-1851 and poss. 1859.

(Craig’s)]

1848, Jan. 6: Notice: “Daguerreotype Likenesses. Professor Culver, on the corner of 1^st

street and Pennsylvania avenue, is making the most perfect and accurate

pictures that have yet been produced. He is a gentleman that ranks high as

an artist, and no doubt will be liberally patronized.” [Daily National

Whig, p. 2]

1848, July 28: Notice: “Daguerreotype Likenesses. Mr. Joseph Lawrence will on the

28^th inst. open his daguerrean rooms at Dawson’s Hotel [St. Joseph, Missouri] where he invites all who desire accurate likenesses and beautiful colored miniatures to call. For the style of pictures made at this establishment, he invites the closest criticism.

Mr. L. will have in connection with him for a short time, Professor

Culver of Washington City, with all the later improvements in this

wonderful at. [continues about Lawrence’s studio] St. Joseph, July 21,

1848.” [St. Joseph Gazette, p. 3]

Cummings, Mrs.:

Mrs. Cummings operated a boarding house on Penna. Ave. I am including

her here as her boarding house play a tangential role involving early

photographers in DC. E.g., and potentially more. Is photographer James

Cummings related to her? Or Robert Cummins/Cummings? Or poss.

Christopher Cummings who was guilty of trying to kill photographer

Philip Haas? One of Christopher’s co-defendants had character witnesses

living at her boarding house. Relevant?

1839, Jan. 5: Ad: “A Card. Mrs. Cummings, south side of Pa. ave., between 9^th

and 10^th streets, has two vacant rooms furnished, which she will rent, with

or without board. Jan 5 3taw2w”[DNI p.3]

1840, Feb. 13: News: “Commitment—Lewis Nagle, Christopher Cummings

and Baptista Gluck, the three persons who committed a cruel outrage upon

Mr. P. Haas, lithographer, on Thursday last, have been examined, found

guilty, and in default of giving security, have been committed to the

County Jail.”[Madisonian, p.4]

1840, March 13: News: “Criminal Court…United States vs. Baptista Gluick

[sic].-The defendant was indicted and tried for assaulting and beating

Philip Haas, lithographer [he would soon become a daguerrean artist], in

the city of Washington, on the 6^th of February, 1840. … On the part of the

defence, an alibi was set up for Mr. Gluick, and established to the

satisfaction of the jury by several respectable witnesses, viz., the Hon. C.

H. Williams and J. W. Crockett, and other gentlemen boarding at the

house of Mrs. Cummings, which was also the boarding house of the

traverser. [DNI]

1840, June 29: Ad: “Daguerreotype Likenesses. Mr. Stevenson would inform the

citizens of Washington and [the?] District that he has taken rooms at Mrs.

Cummings’, on Pennsylvania avenue, a few doors from the Capitol,

where he is prepared to take miniature likenesses by the Daguerreotype

every fair [days?] from 10 a.m. till 4 p.m. June 29-1w” [DNI p.3][Ad runs

at least thru Sept. 22, 1840]

CUMMINGS, James (? - ?)

1857, Sept. 1: “Mr. Walker the portrait painter, has opened a photographic gallery, and is

getting a good share of the business. His operator is James Cummings,

Esq., a practical chemist of high standing. Mr. Cummings is the only rival

O’Neal has in Washington, and when Mr. N’Neal leaves, he will stand

along for some time to come.” [P&FAJ vol.10, ns 4, Oct., p. 306-307]

1857, Nov. 5: “Mr. Walker the portrait painter does probably the largest share of the

business done in life-size oil portraits. A portrait of himself taken by his

operator Jas. Cummings, Esq., exhibited in a window on Pennsylvania

Avenue, is the most perfect specimen of photographic art I ever saw in

life-size, taken by Woodman’s Solar Camera. This style of picture has

become very popular, and Mr. W. has orders for many portraits of this

kind.” [P&FAJ Dec. vol. 10, ns 4, p. 380]

1858: DC CD: Artist; h = 476 G n

CUMMINS, Robert K. (? - ?) [also as Cummings]

1866: DC CD: Photog.; h = 658 6 w [as Robert Cummins]

1866: DC CD: Book keeper for Brady & Co., nag [as R. K. Cummins]

1867: DC CD: Photog.; h = 94 F s

1868: DC CD: Operator; h = 8 w cor F s [as Cummings]

CURTIS, Augustus M. (ca. 1837 - ? ) [prob. related to D.W. Curtis]

Ca. 1837: Born, NY

1863: Civil War draft registration: Photog. , age 26 from NY; h = High & Bridge

CURTIS, Daniel W. (ca. 1837 – ?)[prob. related to Augustus M. Curtis]

Ca. 1837: Born, NY

1863: Civil War draft registration: Clerk, age 25, from NY; h = Beale St.

1863: Not accepted by draft – disability. [Star, Sept. 10, p. 3]

1863: IRS: DC: Paid $15 photog. lic. fee; High & Bridge, Georgetown [Kelbaugh]

1864: IRS: DC: Paid $25 photog. lic. fee; High & Bridge, Georgetown [Kelbaugh]

1865: DCBD &CD: Photog, High cor. Bridge, Georgetown; h = same

1866: DCBD & CD: Photog, 92 Bridge, Georgetown; h = 68 Bridge

1868: DC CD: reporter; h = 161 Bridge, Georgetown

1870: Census: DC: reporter age 33 from NY; h = 216 13^th sw

CUTTING, James Ambrose (1814-1867)

NOTE: Much has been written about him; biographies are available. Craig’s has good

brief bio. Cutting spent only a little time in DC. Only notable dates listed.

--He occupied the three upper stories of a building which housed a drug store, a banking

firm and Brady’s National Photographic Art Gallery. The building had

been in use by other photographers including Bennett, Root & Clark[e],

Goldin and Cutting. [350-352 Pa. Ave.] [Cobb p.9]

--1853 Came to Washington to apply for patent for use of collodion for coating glass on

which pictures can be made. He used darkroom in the Root and Clarke

estb., and there prepared plates for the first negative made upon collodion

film in DC [Busey, foot note 31; and Smith & Tucker, p. 75-76]

--1854, July 4: Patent awarded for improvement in preparation of collodion for

photographic pictures. [Star July 5, p. 2]

--1858, March 18: Patent for improvement in photolithography (with S.H. Bradford)

--1860, Aug 4: Reissue of 1858 patent.

--1867, Aug. 6: Died in insane asylum, Worcester, Mass.

DALMAIN, George (ca. 1820 - ?)

1870: Census: DC: Photog., age 50 from England; lives with John L.

Duffee/artist/photog., which see

DANN, David J. (? - ?)

Local photographer copyrighted civil war photos [Cobb, p. 32]

1860: Census: DC: Age 45 clerk at P.O. Dept, from Maine [same person?]

DeGANT, George L. (ca. 1846 – ?)

Ca. 1846: Born Pennsylvania

1850: Census: Penna.: Phila.: age 4; his father is a printer from Germany

1864: Civil War mustered in July 12 in Delaware; mustered out Aug 12 [same man?]

1870: DC CD: Photog.; h = 12^th bet. C & D sw

1870: Census: DC: Age 25, from Penna., nog

1879: DC CD: clerk; h = 927 4^th nw

1880: Census: DC: Age 34 from Penna., clerk in store h = 446 H nw

DENE, William (? - ?)

1865: IRS: Paid $10 photog. license fee; 7^th bet. N & O [Kelbaugh]

DeNEALE, William Nelson (1846 – 1921)[also Deneale; Deneal; Deneil]

[Photog. not id.; Ancestry]

1846, Dec. 27: Born, Washington, D. C.

1860: Census: DC: Age 14, born DC; father is a blacksmith

1863: DC CD: nog, h = 572 9^th e

1865: DC CD: nog, h = 572 9^th e

1866: DC BD/CD: nog; h = 572 9^th e [as William L. Deneale same?]

1867: DC CD: photog. h = 7^th e and L s

1869: DC CD: photog., 92 Bridge [Georgetown]; h = Washington;

also h = 669 Pa. Ave

1870: Census: DC: Age 22 from DC; photog.

1870: DC CD: photog.; h = G nr. 8^th se

1871 – 1883: See BATY [not photographer]

1880: Census: DC: Age 33 from DC; “works car stables”

1900: Census: DC: Age 52 from DC; “inspect street RR”; h = 8^th Street

1910: Census: DC: Age 63 from DC; Superintendent Street Rail Way; h=8^th nw

1920: Census: DC: Age 73 from DC; no occupation; h = Monroe Street

1921, Sept. 17: Died DC Homeopathic Hospital. His will leaves everything to his wife

1921, Sept. 20 or Oct. 18: Buried Rock Creek cemetery, sect. F, lot 96, site 6

DEW, William J. (? - ?)

1863: Civil War Draft Regis.: Wm. J. Dew, age 30, from UK, news agent (same

person?)

1864: IRS: DC: Paid $15 photog. license fee; 7^th nr E

1864: DC CD: nog; h = 576 N n

1865: DC CD: Ambrotypist; h = 576 N n

1865: IRS: DC: Paid $10 regular tax, photographer

1865: IRS: Md: Upper Marlboro: Paid $11 regular tax, photographer

1866: DC BD & CD: “Photographic car”, 7^th w & N n; h 576 N n, (appears to be same

as business)

1870: Census: Md: Balt.: John William Dew, age 30 from UK, pattern maker (same

person?)

1871: Md: Baltimore CD: William J. Dew, Pattern Maker, 99 s Stricker

1873: Md: Baltimore CD: William J. Dew, Pattern Maker, 99 s Stricker

DIDENHOVER, William H. (ca. 1837 – 1873) [also Didenhoover]

Ca. 1837: Born Maryland

1860: Census: Md.: Balt.: Age 24, from Penna., daguerreotyper; lives

with Edward Perkins, age 30 from Md., daguerreotyper

1860: Census: Md.: Balt.: [2^nd census record] “Wm. H. Dydenhover”, age 24, from

Md.., daguerreotyper; lives with James Perkins, age 25 from Md., also

Daguerreotyper

1863: Civil War Draft Reg.: Age 37 [27?], photographer, from DC

1864: DC CD: Photog., h = 276 Pa.

1866: DC BD & CD: Perkins & Didenhover, 520 7^th w; h = same

1867: DC CD: Photog., Perkins & Didenhover; h = 6 Mo. Ave.

1873, Sept. 5: Died, Baltimore, Md.

DILLON, Luke C. (ca. 1836 [or 1845?] - 1904)

[NOTE: Not to be confused with the contemporary Luke Dillon, an Irish activist]

Ca. 1836 or 1845: Born

1864: IRS: VA: Pays photog. lic. fee $25, Army of the Potomac, Va.

1870-1871: DC CD: not loc. [in Virginia?]

1873, Dec. 2: Star: Elected Vice President (1 of 3) of Photographic Association of D. C.

Meeting held at Johnson’s Gallery [Star Dec. 3]

1873, Dec. 7: Notice: “The Addis photograph gallery, No. 1227 Penna. Ave., is open,

1874: DC CD: [photog?] National Hotel

1875: DC CD: 1227 Pa. Ave., nw; h = National Hotel

1875, Jan. 4: Notice: “The Late Mr. Addis, Photographer.—Parties having negatives

1876 – 1877: See BATY

1878: DC BD: photog., 1227 Pa. Ave., nw

1879 – 1880: See BATY

1880: Census: DC: Age 35, from NY, photog.; 1227 Pa. Ave. [Lives/works next door

to Moses P. Rice; the Bowdoins are just down the street]

1881: DC CD: photog., 1227 Pa. Ave. nw

1882 – 1886: See BATY

1886: Nov. 17: Accompanied Knight Templars to Mount Vernon. Photographed entire

party, taking two negatives. [National Republican, Nov. 18, p.1]

1887: National Repub.: ad: “Notice! Visitors to Mr. Vernon, home of Washington, can

procure copies of the photographs of the various groups by stating the day

and number of the groups they were in. Luke C. Dillon, photograph office at Pullman gallery, 935 Pa. Ave.” [Runs ads like this ca. May 27 – Oct. 6]

1887, Feb. 12: Photographs group of visiting Sac & Fox Indians at Mount Vernon [SI:NAA: SPC S&F unlisted: 081682.00]

1888: National Repub.: ad: “Mount Vernon, Home of Washington,--Persons that have

been photographed can procure copies by calling at Pullman’s Gallery,

No. 935 Pa. Ave. Luke C. Dillon, Photographer to Mount Vernon.” [ads

run regularly]

1889: Star: continues to run ads in re Mount Vernon portraits; at Pullman’s Gallery

1892: DC CD: photog., 935 Pa. Ave.; h = 734 12^th nw

1898, March 14: “His royal highness the Prince of Belgium and suite, escorted by Luke

C. Dillon, the veteran photographer, visited Stalee’s gallery today and

gave a sitting for photographic portraits.” [Star March 14, p. 16]

1904, April 20: Died, DC at Providence Hospital; age listed as 68 [Star, April 23]

1904, April 22: Buried Middletown, Md. [Star, April 23]

DODGE, Clarence (1847 - 1914)

NOTE: No evidence found of a middle name starting with “R” as sometimes listed.

1847, Nov. 2: Born Madison, Indiana. Never married

1860: Census: DC: Age 12 from Indiana; father is bookkeeper

1865: DC CD: nog; h = 619 NH Ave.

1866: DC CD: photog; h = 405 D s

1867: DC CD: nog; h = 446 D s

1868: DC CD: photog; h = 465 D s

1869: DC CD: photog; h = 465 D s

1870: Census: DC: Age 22 from Indiana, photog; father sells tobacco

1870: DC CD: McCarter & Dodge, D bet 3 & 4 se

1870: DC BD & CD: McCarter & Dodge, 516 7 nw & 708 7 nw

1871: DC BD: McCarter & Dodge, 516 7 nw & 708 7 nw

1871: DC CD: 317 D se

1872: DC CD: 317 D se

1873, Jan. 8: Elected Exec. Committee of Photog. Assoc. of DC [Daily Morn. Chron.,

p.4]

1873, Dec. 2: Elected Treasurer of Photographic Assoc. of DC [Star Dec. 3]

1874 – 1875: See BATY

1876: DC CD: 319 Pa. Ave., Vanfleet & Dodge, photog.

1880: Census: DC: Age 32 from Indiana, photog; father works at Capitol

1881 – 1886: See BATY

1910: Census: DC: Age 62 from Indiana, photog. at US National Museum

[Smithsonian]

1914, Oct. 1: Died, Washington, D.C.

1914, Oct. 3: Buried Congressional Cemetery, Range 85, site 256

1914: Obit: “Clarence Dodge Buried. Funeral services for Clarence Dodge were held

Saturday afternoon at his late residence, 106 C street southeast. Services

were conducted by Rev. Dr. F. M. McCoy of Waugh M.E. Church. Mr.

Dodge was a resident of this city for sixty years, and was associated for

twenty-five years with the late C. M. Bell in the photograph business.

One brother and two sisters survive him. Interment was in Congressional

cemetery, the pallbearers being his two nephews, Joseph A. and Clarence

Dodge, 2d; [and others].” [Star Oct. 5, 1914, p. 18]

DORRITEE, William T. “Richard” (1844 – 1908)[also Dougherty]

NOTE: Remained single his life

1844, Sept. 14 [per grave] or July [per 1900 Census]: Born Maryland

1867: Md.: Balt: CD: Wm. T. Dorritee, clerk; h = 541 E Fayette [same person?]

1870: Census: DC: [as Dougherty] Age 24 from Md., photog; lives with Pywell family.

1871 – 1883: See BATY

1880: Census: DC: Age 36 from Md., photog., single; 1224 11^th nw

1889: DC CD: photog-lith.; h = 619 9^th ne

1900: Census: DC: Age 55 from Md., photog., single; b. July 1844; G St

Lives with Cornelius Brown, age 34 from Va., also photographer

1908, Feb. 7: Died, Wash., D.C. from nephritis. Poss. living at Washington Asylum

[Glenwood burial card]. Address also given as 30 E St. nw

1908, Feb. 9: Burial Glenwood Cemetery, DC, Sect. T, Lot 37, Site 28.

DUFFEE, John L. (ca. 1832 - ?) (Duffee & Hempler)

Ca. 1832: Born, Georgia

1868: DC CD: Duffee & Hempler, photog., 424 Pa. Ave.; h = same

1868: DC CD Ad: “Whitehurst Gallery, No. 424 Pennsylvania Av., Washington, D.C.

Completely renovated, with new instruments, fixtures, stock, &c. H. H.

Hempler J. L. Duffee, photographer and artist.” [p. 154]

1870: DC CD: Artist; h = 462 La. Ave. nw

1870: Census: DC: Age 38, from Georgia; lives with George Dalmaine, photog. age

50 from England, and others

DUNSHEE, Edward Sidney (1823 – 1907)(Adams & Dunshee) (Also Dunsher)

NOTE: Biographical information from Ancestry [which got from Saretetzky]. See also

Craig’s & Steele/Politofor further early, non-DC bio. info.

1823, July 6: Born in Bristol, Vermont. [alt. info. suggests born 1841 in Maine, but

census records do not support]

1845: Opened a photo gallery in Bristol, Vt.

1847, June 13: Married Sarah Arnold in Norwich Conn. She died in 1880.

1850: Census: Mass., Fall River, Bristol: Age 27 from Vt.; Artist. Lives with his

family.

1854: Star: Purchased E.C. Thompson’s Skylight Daguerrian Gallery, Penna. Ave. bet.

4 ½ & 6. In partnership with George Adams. Renamed the Metropolitan

Gallery

1854, Jan. 28: Ad: “Popular Demonstrations. This emphatically age of

1854, May 26: Sells all goods, merchandise & goodwill in the gallery to Julian

Vannerson. [D. C. Court: Land records: JAS #78 p. 338, 1854]

1855: Census: Mass. State, Bristol: Age 31; Daguerreotypist. Lives with family.

1859: Returns to New Bedford, Mass. Hires Benjamin Franklin Jenney, which see,

who has also returned to new Bedford. [Steele & Polito, p. 370 & 375;

also newspaper ads]

1860: Census: Mass., New Bedford: Age 36 from Vt.; Ambrotypist. Lives w/ family.

Lives next door to Benjamin Jenny also an Ambrotypist.

1863: Civil War Draft: Registers in New Bedford, Mass. Occu. Listed as Photographer.

1868-1890: Photographer with son, Boston, Mass. [Polito, Boston Photog.]

1870: Census: Mass, Boston: Age 46 from Vt.; Photographer. Lives with his wife and

son, Edward “Eddie” B. Dunshee, an apprentice photographer.

1879-1895: Photographer in Philadelphia, Pa. [Brey & Brey, Phila. Photog.]

1880: Census: Phila., Pa.: Age 50 from Vt., Photographer. Single [wife died 1880].

Lives on South Street almost next door to Walter Wilson, an artist.

ca. 1881: Married Annie E. Horroun. She is 39 years his junior.

1900: Census: Phila., Pa.: Age 77 from Vt.; Photographer. Lives with wife Annie and

family on Fairmont Ave.

1907, May 23: Died age 84 years, 10 months, 7 days of old age in Phila., listed as

Photographer.

DUTTON, Adeline/Adaline Elizabeth (Mrs. Thomas) (1826-1892)

1826, April 8: Born Adeline/Adaline Elizabeth Brooks, Burlington, Conn.

1845, Dec. 2: Married Thomas Punderson Dutton (1820-1876) on Dec. 2, 1845 in

Washington, D.C. Thomas was married previously and had one son. He

had eleven children with Adeline. In his will he leaves everything to his

wife and Thomas. R. Brooks. [DC Probate Records]

1850 DC Census: Age 21, from Conn., married to Thomas. NOG; Thomas is 27,

NOG; h=360 street unid.

1860, Oct. 22: Ad: “For sale—Stock and fixtures of an ambrotype room. I will sell the

stock and fixtures of my ambrotype rooms cheap for cash. There is a good

operating room, with excellent skylight. Also, a splendid reception room,

well furnished, and everything that is requisite appertaining to

ambrotyping. Apply immediately at No. 324 Pa. ave. oc19-eo3t”

[Star, p.4] [NOTE: C. D. Stewart is at this address at least up to 1856; in

1862 it is the studio of the Duttons. Was there another photographer in

between or did the Duttons acquire it this early?]

1862, Sept.: IRS DC tax $10. Ambrotypist at 324 Pa. Ave.

1863, May: IRS DC tax $6.67. Ambrotypist at 324 Pa. Ave.

1863: DC CD: Photog., 324 Pa. Ave., h = E South bet 6 & 7 West

[1864: DC BD: Studio 324 Pa. Ave. listed with Charles M. Miller as photog.]

1870: Census: DC: Age 45, from Conn., married to Thomas. Keeps house; he is clerk

at Treasury. Other people living with them are their daughter’s family.

1878: DC CD: wid. Thomas; 1533 P St. NW

1880: Census: DC: Age 55, widow, h=221 P St.; keeps house; lives with four children.

1889: DC CD: widow Thomas; 1511 T St.

1892, March 27: Died in Wash., D.C.; buried Oak Hill Cemetery, Georgetown, Van

Ness, Lot 235 East, unmarked burial. Buried with Thomas.

DUTTON, Thomas (1820 - 1876) (husband of Adeline Dutton)

NOTE: There appear to be several Duttons with the same, or nearly the same name, at

the same address, but different occupations. Adeline works at 324 Pa. Ave.

Family tree did not solve this for immed. family. Thus entries below may not all

relate to the same person.

1820, Oct. 29: Born Watertown, Conn.

1850: Census: DC: Age 27, from Conn, nog; married to Adeline

1860: Md.: Balt.: BD listed as Artist [N.Y. Dictionary of Art; same person?]

1860, Oct. 22: Ad: “For sale—Stock and fixtures of an ambrotype room. I will sell the

stock and fixtures of my ambrotype rooms cheap for cash. There is a good

operating room, with excellent skylight. Also, a splendid reception room,

well furnished, and everything that is requisite appertaining to

ambrotyping. Apply immediately at No. 324 Pa. ave. oc19-eo3t”

[Star, p.4] [NOTE: C. D. Stewart is at this address at least up to 1856; in

1862 it is the studio of the Duttons. Was there another photographer in

between or did the Duttons acquire it this early?]

1862: IRS: Civil War: Paid assessment, photog., 324 Pa. Ave.

1862: DC BD: Thomas Dutton, Ambrotypes, 324 Pa. Ave

1862: DC CD: Thomas Dutton, Ambrotypes, 324 Pa. Ave.; h = B s & 6 w;

[Also: Thos. Dutton, carpenter, 326 8 w; AND

Also: Thos. Dutton, messenger, 243 B s]

1863: DC CD: Wm. H. H. Dutton, clerk; h = 324 8^th w; AND

DC CD: Thomas Dutton, Messenger; h = 243 B s; AND

DC CD: Thomas H. Dutton, carpenter; h = 324 8^th w

1863: Civil War Draft: Age 42 from Conn., messenger, h = B Street [same person?]

1864: DC CD: Carpenter; h = 324 8^th w [same person?]

[1864: DC BD: Studio 324 Pa. Ave. listed with Charles M. Miller as photog.]

1865: DC CD: Thomas Dutton, messenger h = 243 B s; AND

Thomas H. Dutton, watchman Treasury Dept.; h = 324 H w; AND

William H. H. Dutton, printer; h = 324 8 w [any the same Dutton?]

1870: Census: DC: Age 49, from Conn., married to Adeline; clerk at Treasury. Other

people living with them are their daughter’s family.

1875: Appointed chief clerk of the Attorney General’s Office, Dept. of Justice. [Daily

Critic, June 2, 1875, p.4]

1876, Nov. 30: Died, Wash., D.C.

1876: Funeral: “I.O.O.F.- Members of the Grand Lodge, Columbia Lodge and

Columbian Encampment are requested to meet on Monday afternoon at

1 o’clock to attend the funeral of P.G. and P.C.P. Thomas Dutton. The

Committee” [The Capital, Dec. 3, 1876 p. 8]

1876: Remains removed from Congressional Cemetery Dec. 4, 1876; buried Oak Hill

Cemetery, Georgetown; Van Ness plot, lot 235 East, unmarked burial

1877, July 3: Probate of will. Estate to Adeline and Thomas R. Brooks of Prince

George’s Co., Md. [DC Probate Records]

EDING, ? (? - ?)

1864: DC CD: Photog; h = 356 D n

EDWARDS, JONAS Mann (1823 – 1847)

NOTE: “Jonas M. Edwards was a young student of Samuel F. B. Morse. He began his

brief career in late 1841 in Richmond, Virginia. By 1843, Edwards had joined with Edward Anthony, opening first in Washington, D.C. and then in New York City. The partners arranged to make daguerreotypes of prominent statesmen during the congressional sessions of 1842– 43 and 1843–44. Edwards died in 1847 at age 23.” [The Daguerreotype: An Archives of Source Texts, Graphics, and Ephemera. Research archive of Gary W. Ewer regarding the history of the daguerreotype http://www.daguerreotypearchive.org]

1841, Dec. 4: Richmond, Va. “…was partners with Starr, T. N. Advertised in

The Compiler Dec. 4: ‘Messrs. Starr & Edwards have arrived in city

[Richmond] and will take likenesses according to the process of

Daguerre.” [Ginsberg, Photographers in Virginia 1839-1900]

1823, May 31: Born Hunter, NY [Information from grave, Find A Grave]

1842-1844: Joined Edward Anthony in opening studio [see Ewards, above]

Victor Piard hired as operator [Craig’s]

1844, April 12: John Quincy Adams, Pres. Tyler and his son came to the gallery.

[Craig’s]

1844, May 20: News: “Mr. Edwards and his National Miniature Gallery.

We copy from the Washington correspondence of the New York

‘A most beautiful daguerreotype likeness has just been taken of

Mr. Clay by young Mr. Edwards, for his great ‘National Miniature Gallery.’

‘By-the-by, let me say a word or two, en passant, about this

1847, Feb. 7: Died, Brooklyn, NY [NY: Kings County: Probate Records; will noting

date of death, full name. He had a huge, valuable estate. Of interest, “I

own one third of the property and business interest of the firm “Anthony

Clark & Co. of 247 Broadway N.York except that on the expiration of our

partnership my interest in the gallery of Daguerreotypes ceases. The chief

value of this portion of my property consists in the one third ownership

(perpetual) of the engraving of the United States Senate Chamber: recently

published by the firm Anthony Clark & Co. (of which I am a member)

which one third interest will I believe be worth from fifteen to twenty

thousand dollars and in case of my decease I desire that my interest therein

be not sold for a less sum (n the whole amount derived from it) than

fifteen thousand dollars.”

1847, April 19: Buried Brooklyn, N.Y., Greenwood cemetery, Lot 1671, Section 92

ELLIS, Charles N. (? - ?)

1863: DC CD: Photog.; h = 520 7 w

ELWELL, Jacob (ca. 1843 - ?)

NOTE: Not to be confused with Jacob Thomas Elwell, same age from Penna. Who was a

minister, went to Burma etc.

ca. 1843: Born: Penna. [1863 Census]

1863: Civil War Draft: DC: Age 20 from Penna., laborer; h = …L St.

1863: DC CD: Clerk; h = 500 L n

1864: DC CD: Photog.; h = 500 L n

1865: DC CD: Clerk, Q.M. Dept.; h = 11 w & N n

EMERY, Henry W. (? - ?)

1864: DC CD: Photog.; h = 426 12 w

1865: DC CD: Photog.; h = 426 12 w

EMORY [EMERY], L. M. (? - ?)

1863: IRS tax: Paid $25 photog. license, Wash., D.C. [Kelbaugh]

EVANS & CLARK (Thomas R. Evans & Henry H. Clark)

1862: DC BD: Photog., 520 7w

EVANS, B. F. & Co. (? - ?)

1863: IRS: Paid $16.67 photog. fee; 521 7^th st

EVANS, Thomas R. (? - ?) (Evans & Clark)

1862: DC CD: Ambrotypist (Evans & Clark), 520 7^th ; h = same

1862-1863: IRS: Paid $25 photog. lic. fee; 520 7^th St.

1863: DC BD & CD: Photog., 520 7 w; h = same [Clark not listed]

1863: DC CD ad: McClellan Photographic Rooms , 520 7^th St, four doors above D.

Hallotypes, and water-colour pictures. T. R. Evans, Proprietor. [p. 7]

1864: DC CD: Thomas Evans, clerk War Dept.; h = 228 D n [Same person??]

1874: DC CD: Thomas Evans, photog., 237 10^th se; AND 2^nd entry:

Thomas R. Evans, photog, 237 10^th see

1875: DC CD: Thomas R. Evans, photog, 409 7^th nw; h = 720 7^th se

FARLEY, Frederick W. (ca. 1815 - ?)

Ca. 1815: Born, England

1866: DC BD: Photog., 324 C n

1866: DC CD: Photographic stock, 324 C n; h = same

1868: DC CD: Photographic stock, 324 C n

1870: Census: DC: Age 55 from England, nog; lives with E. J. Pullman, photographer

at 932 & 934 F nw [both studio and home]

1871: DC CD: clerk; h – 934 F nw [Pullman’s studio/home]

FAY & REED [? Fay & ? Reed] [Also Fay & Stanley?]

NOTE: Perhaps A. P. Fay of Bethel, Ohio 1859-1860, or F.B. Fay 1853-1864 in Tiffin,

Ohio [Craig’s]

1842, June 3: Ad: “Daguerreotype Portraits. ‘Secure the shadow ere the substance

fades.’ The only certain method of obtaining a fac simile of the human countenance is by the photographic process. The subscribers have availed themselves of some recent improvements in this beautiful art, which enables them to produce a much bolder picture than heretofore taken. The public are invited to call and examine their specimens. Rooms on the northeast corner of 12^th and E streets. Hours of operation from 9 to 5 o’clock. Gentlemen wishing to obtain a knowledge of this interesting art, can do so on reasonable terms, by calling at their studio. Washington, June 3, 1842. Fay & Reed” [The Daily Madisonian, p.2][Ad appears at least through June]

FAY & STANLEY [? Fay and John Mix Stanley] [Also Fay & Reed?]

NOTE: Perhaps A. P. Fay of Bethel, Ohio 1859-1860, or F.B. Fay 1853-1864 in Tiffin,

Ohio [Craig’s]

1842: Recorded as a daguerreian on Pa. Ave., D.C. in 1842 [Craigs]

FAY, -- [see also Fay & Reed; Fay & Stanley]

NOTE: Perhaps A. P. Fay of Bethel, Ohio 1859-1860, or F.B. Fay 1853-1864 in Tiffin,

Ohio [Craig’s]

1842: Taking dags. in D.C. as Fay & Reed (see above news ad) and Fay & Stanley

(Craigs)

FISHER, James F. (? - ?) (Bruce & Fisher)

NOTE: Not to be confused with F. [Flavius] J. [Josephus] Fisher, artist

1868: DC CD: Photog., Bruce & Fisher, 304 Pa. Ave.

1868: DC CD: [Photog.] (colored), Bruce & Fisher; h = 260 G n

1883: DC CD: Photog.; h = 1742 K nw

FONTAINE, Louis (? - ?)

[NOTE: brother of Justina Fontaine Shindler, wife of A. Z. Shindler]

1866: no entry

1867: DC CD: A.Z. Shindler & Co., photog.; h = 308 Pa. Ave. [Shindler’s studio; name

wrongly listed as Fountaine]

1868: no entry

FRANKLIN & Co. (M. J. Franklin & J. Stern) [opticians and photo card sales]

1864: DC CD: Opticians 244 & 388 Pa. Ave.

1865: DC CD: Opticians & photo card depot, 244 & 388 Pa. Ave.

1866: DC CD: (Franklin & I Heilprin), opticians, 244 Pa. Ave.

FREEMAN, Daniel (1868 - 1927)

NOTE: Biographical info. from The Twentieth Century Union League Directory—A

Historical, Biographical and Statistical Study of Colored Washington, at the

Dawn of the Twentieth Century and after a Generation of Freedom; Andrew F.

Hilyer, copiler, private pub. Jan. 1901

1868: Born: Alexandria, Va

Ca. 1881: Came to DC at age 13 to attend school. Studied photography under E. J.

Pullman, Pa. Ave. bet. 9 & 10.

1885: Opened his own studio; premier (colored) photographer.

1895: Chosen to install exhibit of the D.C. in the Negro Building at the Atlanta

exposition 1895.

1915, Aug. 8: Writes his will directing the sale of various properties to pay off their

mortgages and photographic stock bills. Further his photographic

apparatus is to be auctioned off under the direction of E. J. Pullman.

Profits after bills paid to go to his wife, Gertrude Freeman and other

relatives. Further Gertrude is to burn and destroy all personal and private

pictures and papers. [DC Probate Records]

1927: Died, prob. Wash., D.C.

FRENCH, William B. (? - ?)

1870: DC CD: Photog. 453 Mass. Ave., nw

ADD BATY info.

I have will for William Bates French, but would have been only 16 in 1870

FRENZEL, Ellen Jane Manning (1834 – 1890) [wife of artist Louis Frenzel]

1834, April 8: Born Mass. [Find A Grave]

1878: DC BD & CD: Photog; h = 626 4½ sw

1890, April: Died, Fairfax Co., Va.

1890: Buried Fairfax City Cemetery, Fairfax [Find A Grave]

FRENZEL, Louis Frederick (1820 – 1906) [husband of Ellen Frenzel]

Self portrait Frenzel [Ancestry family tree]

1820, Feb.: Born Prussia/Germany

1848, Oct. 16: Arv. In NY from Hamburg, Germany on “Clio”, age 27

1850: Census: NY: Kings Co.: Age 32 from Prussia, artist; lives with Eliza Frenzel

age 41 from Prussia. Wife? Sister?

1852, March: Alien deposition in NY; intent to become citizen

1853, July 25: Married Ellen Jane Manning, Boston, Mass.

1856, June 25: Naturalized

1863: DC BD: Photog, 47 Bridge, G’twn

1863: DC CD: Photos, 47 Bridge; h = same

1863: IRS: Paid $10 photog. license fee [Kelbaugh]

1863: IRS: Paid $6.67 photog. license fee

1864: DC CD: Photos, Bridge cor. Washington

1864: IRS: Paid $15 photog. license fee [Kelbaugh]

1865: DC CD: Photos, Bridge cor. Washington, G’twn; h = same

1865: IRS: Paid $10 photog. license fee [Kelbaugh]

1867: DC CD: Port. painter & photog, Bridge cor. Washington, G’twn

1868: DC CD: Photog, Washington cor. Bridge; h = same

1868, Mar. 27: Ad: “Oak Hill Cemetery. All persons wishing Views of Monuments of

deceased friends, in the above-named Cemetery, can obtain them at reduced rates during the coming week, as the subscriber will be on the grounds every pleasant day for that purpose. Orders left at the gallery. Louis Frenzel, Photographer, Corner Bridge and Washington streets, Georgetown, D. C. [National Republican, p. 3]

1869: DC CD: Photog, Washington cor. Bridge [under Georgetown entries]

1869: DC CD: Photog., Pa. Ave. nr. 4 e; h = Bridge cor. Washington, G’twn

1870: DC CD: Photog, Bridge cor. Washington

1870: Census: DC: Age 50 from Prussia, portrait painter; lives with wife, Ellen and 6

children in Georgetown

1871: DC CD: Photog, Washington cor. Bridge

1872: not listed recheck

1872, March 8: News story: “Sad Accident. Another victim of dangerous oils. We are

pained to record the death, at half-past nine o’clock this morning, of Martha, daughter of Louis Frenzel, photographer, at the corner of Washington and Bridge streets, from the effects of burns received last night from the bursting or breaking of a coal oil lamp. It seems that three children of Mr. Frenzel were playing in a room about eight o’clock last evening, when Martha, the eldest, aged six years, attempted to remove the lamp, which was on the stove hearth, and which the family say contained “petroleum fluid,” (whatever that may be,) when it exploded, setting fire to her dress. Alarmed by the screams of the children, their parents rushed to the room to find the clothing of Martha on fire and the room burning at different points where the dangerous fluid had been thrown by the force of the explosion. Seizing the bed clothing they enveloped the little girl with it and extinguished the flames, but not until she had been terribly burned. Dr. Southworth was immediately sent for, and on his arrival did all he could to relieve the little sufferer, whose whole body had been burned almost to a crisp, and whose face, especially, was so swollen that she was

unable to see. Dr. Southworth and Tyler held a consultation early this morning, and notified the family that there was no hope, and at half-past nine o’clock she died in terrible agony. The parents of the child do not know exactly how the accident occurred, but believe that the bottom of the lamp fell out, or that it was exploded by suddenly lifting it up from the stove hearth.” [Evening Star, March 8, 1872, p. 5]

1873: DC CD: Photog., 45 Bridge St., G’twn

1874: DC CD: Photog, 45 Bridge, G’twn

1875 DC CD: Photog., 45 Bridge, G’twn

1876: DC CD: Photog., 45 Bridge, G’twn

1877: DC CD: Photog., 45 Bridge, G’twn

1878: DC CD: Artist, 626 4 ½ sw [with Ellen, photog]

1878: DC BD: Artist, 626 4 ½ sw

1879: DC CD: port. painter & photog, 626 4 ½ sw [Ellen not listed]

1906, March 25: Died, Wash., D.C.

1906: Buried Fairfax City Cemetery, Fairfax, Va.

FRITZ & HORNING [? Fritz & ? Horning] [See also Godkin]

1862: IRS: Paid $10 photog. lic. fee; nr. Brightwood [DC Ward 4]

1864: IRS: Paid $4.17 photog. lic. fee; Brightwood

[Gannis = see GRANNISS]

GARDNER & GIBSON [Alex. Gardner & James F. Gibson?]

1862: Copyright photographs in DC. as “Gardner & Gibson, Prop.”. These are in same

number, and ms. as those copyrighted by Brady. [DC Copyright Deposit Records:

https://archive.org/details/DCTitlePages/mode/2up]

GARDNER BROS. GALLERY (Alexander, James & John; & son, Lawrence)

1863, May: Opens studio at 511 7^th St./ 7^th & D Streets

1863, Nov. 11: News: “President Lincoln, accompanied by his private secretaries,

Messrs. Nicolay and Hay, has visited Gardner’s Gallery, Seventh

st., where some admirable imperial photographs of the party were

taken.” [Star, p.2]

1865, Sept. 25: News: “Serious Fire. Last night, shortly after twelve o’clock, a serious

fire broke out in the establishment of Mr. Gardner, photographer,

in the Intelligencer Building. Owing to the promptness of officer

Maxwell and other officers the spread of the flames was materially

checked. The store of Messrs. Stewart & Foster and of other

merchants in the same block were conciderably damaged by water.

We learn that the loss of Mr. Gardner is fully covered by

insurance. The lateness of the hour precludes further details,

which will be duly furnished in our next edition.” [DNI, p.3]

1865, Sept. 26: News: “The Fire Sunday Night. The loss of Mr. Alexander Gardner,

photographer, from the fire in the Intelligencer building on Sunday night will amount to $4,000 or $5,000 which is not fully covered by insurance. The fire originated in the washing and toning room, in the third story’ and how it originated is a mystery, for it first burst forth from a corner wehre there was nothing else than silver scrap and paper, and no one had been in the room subsequent to two o’clock in the afternoon. The room where the fire originated was badly damaged, the ceiling being burned, and a large aperture being burned in the sall. The fire was confined to this room and was extinguished very speedly by the firemen, who deserve all praise for the [manner?] in which they worked. When all around seemed exhausted they did not seem to lose their presence of mind for a moment and .. the fire rage within the room where it originated and the water was ready to be put on. This plan worked well, and the result was a speedy extinguishment of the flames. Shortly before the fire was discovered an alarm had been …from the Franklin … house, which most fortuitously proved to be false, for had there been one there, or had the hose from the several apparatus been taken from the reel, and had the fire at the Intelligencer building …any headway the fire would have been immense, for in the stores and offices in the building, a very great amount of weath is concentrated. The Metropolitan Hook and Ladder company, which was returning to the house from the fire alarm, was the first to put a stream on the fire, having attached its hose to the plug at the corner of Seventh and E streets.

The ceiling of Mr. Gardner’s fine gattery of pictures was

injured by water, but his pictures were all saved; and on removing

them only one glass was broken. The police were …for their

efforts in this behalf. All of the negatives of Mr. Gardner’s

splendid likeness of … the war and battle [scenes?] were also

saved; although a few were slightly injured; but it is gratifying to

know that …..another of his splendid …. Most of the damage

was caused by water. His chemicals and some other stock is,

however, all destroyed; but he has sent to New York for a new

supply and will be …operation again in a few days. Gardner’s

enterprise is as well known that it is needless to say more than that

before a week elapses his popular gallery will be as attractice and

instructive as ever… particulars, accident.

The room of …, the artist, which is near that where the fire

…was damaged by water….. The grocery and liquor store of Mr.

Thomas W. Stewart, was considerably damaged… The damage to

the building is from $100 to $600.” [DNI, p.3]

1865, Oct. 5: Notice: “Gardner’s Photographic Art Gallery, Intelligencer Building, 511

Seventh St., once more in running order. The damage caused by

the late fire has been so far repaired that business will be resumed.

This morning, (Wednesday Oct. 4^th) When, as formerly, the rule

will be strictly enforced throughout the establishment, ‘Produce the

best, no matter what the cost in time and material.’ Mr. G. [sic]

takes this opportunity to thank his numerous friends and customers

for past kindness, and to say it shall be his constant aim to continue

to merit the very liberal encouragement heretofore extended to

him.” [Nat’l Republican, p.3; DNI, p.2]

[NOTE: This notice runs in to early 1867!]

1865, Nov. 8: News: “The Indians. The deputation of the Sacs and Foxes, now in this

city, this morning paid their respects to Secretary Harlan, and

subsequently, accompanied by him, waited upon the President.

The interview was satisfactory to the aboriginals. They afterward

proceeded to Gardner’s gallery, on Seventh st., and were duly

photographed in their war paint.” [Nat’l. Repub., p.2]

1866, April 30: News: “White House. The number of visitors in attendance at the White

House today was quite large. Among those who called were

Senators Dixon, Guthrie, and Lane, of Kansas; Hon. J. Wilson and

Hon. Isaac Newton, who introduced several Quaker friends.

About noon the President went to Gardner’s photograph gallery,

where he sat for several photographs. He returned at half-past two

o’clock, upon which the door of the audience room was opened to

all those in waiting.” [Star, p.2]

1866, Nov. 27: Notice: A meeting of the St. Andrew’s Society met on the 26^th at

Gardner’s gallery to pay tribute to a former Pres. of the Society

who died in Scotland. The Recording Secretary of the Society is

photographer, David Knox. In addition to Alex. Gardner, John

Cameron, another photographer, is also a manager of the

Society.[Star, p.3]

NOTE: There are many meetings of the Society – this is just a

sample to show other photographers were also members.

1867: Closes D.C. studio; travels West with Union Pacific Railroad

1868: Photographs Ft. Laramie “Peace Treaty”, U.S. govt. and various Sioux groups.

1870: Opens gallery in D.C. at 921 Pa. Ave., with son Lawrence.

1871, Nov. 1: Ad: “A New Departure in the Photographic Business! From now until

January 1^st, 1872, I will present to such of my patrons who purchase a

dozen photographic cards, a beautifully bound album! Containing from

fifty to one hundred openings—‘An elegant holiday gift.’ Alexander

Gardner, Photographer. 921 Pa. Ave. over Wall, Robinson & Co’s

Clothing Depot. No86t” [Star, p.2]

1871-1878: DC CD: 921 Pa. Ave., with Lawrence

GARDNER, Alexander (1821-1882) [also wrongly, Gardiner]

[NOTES: ~As much has been written about Alexander Gardner, only basics of his life,

esp. in D.C. are listed here.

~Because the Gardner Bros. Gallery is associated with not only Alexander, but

Also James, John and Lawrence, items relating to the gallery are noted

there instead of being repeated multiple times.

~Alexander Gardner was involved in many non-photographic activities in Wash.,

D.C. Likewise he took many group photographs as well as portraits of

famous individuals, many of which were covered in the papers. I have included only a sampling, but most have been omitted.

1821, Oct. 17: Born: Paisley, Scotland

1851: Census: Scotland: Glasgow: Age 29 from Paisley, bill broker; lives with wife

Margaret, son Lawrence age 3 and daughter Eliza age 1

Pre 1858: In New York, Brady’s gallery

1858-1862: 350-352 Pa. Ave., Brady’s studio [Cobb]

1860: Census: Wash., D.C.: Age 38 from Scotland, photog; lives with wife Margaret,

son Lawrence and daughter Eliza.

1862, Aug.: Partnership with James F. Gibson [Cobb]

1862, fall: 352 Pa. Ave., Gardner Bros. [Cobb]

1863: Civil War Draft Registration: Age 44 from Scotland, photog.

1863: DC CD/BD: 511 7^th

1863, July 9: News: “Captured—From a dispatch received today from the Headquarters

of the Army of the Potomac, we learn that Mr. Alex. Gardner, the photographer, who left here last Saturday morning for the purpose of taking views on the battle field at Gettysburg, was taken prisoner on Sunday by the rebels at Gettysburg, was taken prisoner on Sunday by the rebels at Emmittsburg, but was paroled and arrived at headquarters on Monday.” [Star, p.2]

1864: DC CD/BD: Photog., 511 7^th

1865: DC CD/BD: Photog., 511 7^th

1865, Sept. 25: Fire damages much of the studio. [DNI] [See news under Gardner Bros.

Gallery]

1866: DC CD/BD: Photog., 511 7^th

1867: DC CD/BD: Photog., 511 7th

1867: Closes D.C. studio; travels West with Union Pacific Railroad

1868: Photographs Ft. Laramie “Peace Treaty”, U.S. govt. and various Sioux groups.

1868: DC CD/BD: Photog., 511 7^th

1869: DC CD/BD: Photog., 511 7^th

1870: DC CD/BD: Photog., 412 7^th St. nw

1870: Opens gallery in D.C. at 921 Pa. Ave., with son Lawrence.

1870: Census: Wash., D.C.: Age 49 from Scotland, photog.; lives with wife Margaret,

son Lawrence, 22, photog.; and daughter Eliza 20. Also there is Jane F.

Gardner [prob. Jean Glenn Forrest, his mother. She lived with Alexander,

died 1873 age 80/81 here, and buried in same cemetery] age 78 from

Scotland

1871-1882: DC CD/BD: Photog., 921 Pa. Ave.

1872, Oct. 30: News: “To be hanged tomorrow. Jenkins, the Wife Murderer.

[background and execution details omitted] On Friday last he made a

request of General Crocker that his likeness be taken, and on Monday Mr. Alexander Gardner, photographer, repaired to the jail, and in the north yard, in which the gallows was erected, the picture was made. The sight of the scaffold did not have any effect upon him whatever, and when he was not obeying the orders of the artist in looking at the point of the camera, he eyed the engine of death with considerable interest.” [Star, p.4]

1873, June 18: News: “Duplicate of the House of Delegates. By invitation of Mr.

Alexander Gardner, the well known photographer of this city, the members of the House of Delegates paid a visit to his gallery yesterday afternoon, for the purpose of having the manly beauty and intelligence of the body grouped on a photograph. All the members were present except messrs. Berry and Ciagett, and, after several attempts, a most excellent negative was obtained.

In addition to the grouping for the picture, and the pleasure derived

from a visit to and inspection of the art gallery, the gentlemen legislators were surprised to find that some good angel had anticipated their coming, and, with the connivance of Mr. Gardner, made ample arrangements to alley any thirst they might experience during their stay. The members cheerfully partook of his hospitality, pledged him in a bumper, returned a vote of thanks to Gardner, and then retired to the Legislative Hall for business, and remained at their posts until after midnight.”

[Nat’l. Repub., p.4]

1882, May 25: Notice: “Masonic Mutual Relief Association. The regular monthly

meeting of the Masonic Mutual Relief Association was held last night. After electing seven new members and transacting some routine business, Mr. Alexander Gardner, who had been secretary for over eight years, tendered his resignation to take effect on the 1^st of June, or as soon thereafter as his successor may qualify. During the incumbency of Mr. Gardner there has been paid over to the widow and orphan nearly $300,000 and the association has grown from less than twelve hundred to over sixteen hundred members…”[Critic and Record, p.3]

1882, Dec. 10: Dies: Washington, D.C. of diabetes [Cemetery records]

1882: Buried: Glenwood Cemetery, Wash., D.C., Sect. 3, Lot 38, site 8 [FindAGrave]

1882, Dec. 11: Obit: “Alexander Gardner, An Old Landmark and a Prominent Figure in

Masonic Circles, Passes Away.

The Masonic fraternity, both local and National, and a large

number of other citizens of this and other communities, will be grieved to learn of the death of Mr. Alexander Gardner, which occurred yesterday morning. His severe illness was first noted about a week since, when he had been confined to his bed for a fortnight with diabetes. He had been ill for some months, but bravely battled against disease until compelled to yield. The funeral will take place from his late residence, 1112 Va. ave southwest, tomorrow at 2:30 p.m.

Mr. Gardner was born in Paisley, Scotland, October 17, 1821. He

attended the Athenaeum course of scientific lectures in Glasgow, and also published a newspaper there before coming to this country in 1850. His first business engagement was with Mr. M. B. Brady, the photographer, whose New York studio he was manager of before establishing the one in this city. Afterward he was in business for himself on Seventh street, and later on Pa. ave. He made a National reputation as a photographer to the Army of the Potomac during the war, and his pictures of the campaigns in Virginia are preserved as the ony worthy representations of any of the scenes of the war taken on the spot.

The closing work of his busy life, however, was done in

connection with Masonic and other mutual ssessment relief associations. In the critical period of the history of the Masonic Relief Assoc. of this city, which came near being fatal to its existence in 1874, he was called upon, and, being elected secretary, succeeded in straightening out its affairs and restoring confidence in its undeoubted stability. Shortly after assuming an active part in the management of this concern, of which he had been a director since 1868, he conceived the idea of forming a National Masonic Relief Assoc. This not finding favor with his Masonic brethren he founded the National Assessment Association and the Washington Beneficial Endowment Assoc., of the former of which he was for several years president, and of the latter secretary until his death. At the last election of the Masonic Relief he was chosen president. He was also president of the Equitable Building Association and a director of the Elmira (N.Y.) Masonic Relief Assoc. Almost from his first connection with these assessment associations he has been a standard authority on their affairs. He has written papers for seven of the annual conventions of the National organization, which are now quoted as canons. The last one of these […. Edited out] The loss of Mr. Gardner to the cause of this phase of life assurance will be will nigh irreparable. In private life he was much esteemed for his domestic virtues and staunch friendship to those to whom he became attached.

The following Masonic bodies will attend the funeral [… edited

out]. The funeral eulogy will be pronounced by Rev. Jabez Fox, of the New Jerusalem (Swedenborgian) Church, and the interment will be made at Glenwood Cemetery.” [Critic & Record, p. 3]

[NOTE: Dec. 13 article in Nat’l. Repub., p. 8, lists various Masonic groups at the funeral and various tributes.]

1893, Sept. 29: News: “War Time Photographs. Negatives for years neglected have

been discovered. Making a valuable find.

Original pictures of the most prominent personages and scenes of

the Civil War. Made by Alexander Gardner. What his son says of the find. Some of them may be mere copies. Photographs of Lincoln, Booth, and many others well known.

A hidden treasure was unearthed on Wednesday in this city which

promises to be a valuable addition to the relics of the war. It was discovered by J. Watson Parker, an itinerant photographer, in a house on Penn. Ave., between twelfth and thirteenth streets north-west. It consists of a collection of rare photographic negatives of the war times. Included in the collection are plates, taken from life, of Abraham Lincoln, J. Wilkes Booth, Charles Sumner, Edwin M. Stanton, Salmon P. Chase, Vice-President Henry Wilson, Horace Greeley, Gen. U. S. Grant, Gen. George Mc McClellan, Rev. Henry Ward Beecher, Prof. Agassiz, and a dozen other persons of almost equal importance in the history of the land of the Stars and Stripes. The above negatives were shown a Post reporter by Mr. Porter, who picked them almost at random from a collection of hundreds of cob web covered and dirty negatives, which, through Mr. Porter, had for the first time in more than a score of years seen the light of day.

While this batch was being looked over Mr. Porter pulled out another box, which contained negaties still more valuable. There was a copy of the old Dukard church near which the battle of Antietam was fought. This negative was taken in 1862 before the battle. The very next plate was the only one taken from life of the hanging of Mrs. Surratt at the Washington arsenal. There was one of the navy yard taken in 1863; another of the old Baltimore and Ohio depot, where so man stirring scenes were enacted during the trying war times; one of Pennsylvania avenue, between the Treasury building and the Capitol, as it looked in 1861, and still another of the Marine Barracks, taken in 1863, and many others equally interesting.

In the days before, during, and succeeding the war between the States the older inhabitants will remember that Alexander Gardner, a sturdy Scotchman, father of Mr. Lawrence Gardner, was the leading photographer of the National Capital. It was the fashion in those times to be photographed by Gardner, as it is the mode in these days for actors and actresses to be pictured by Falk in New York and Baker in Columbus. People who ccame to Washington, whether of the military, political, or civil walks of life, had likenesses made by Gardner.

Working with Alexander Gardner in those days was an apprentice names Watson Porter, a midschievous boy who was not satisfied with the humdrum routine of a photographer’s life, and before the war closed shouldered a musket and enlisted as a private in the Northern Army. After the war young Porter returned to Washington and was again given work vby Mr. Gardner. Then it began to dawn on him that the old negatives taken for six years previously would become valuable, and he worked hard to pobtain by purchase a proprietory interest in the gallery and its stock of negatives. However, fate was agaist him, and, somewhat disgusted, he went West, moving for ten or fifteen years from place to place, but making little headway, and four years ago returned to Washington again. After a time he secured a small gallery on E street. Northwest and for several years has been making a comfortable living from its proceeds.

He learned a few weeks ago that the old Gardner negatives, which had been sold time and again into hands whose owners had no idea of their value, were stored away under old stairways and between floors in an old penna. ave. building. JHe obtained an opportunity to look at the collection and made an off-hand offer for it very little in excess of what it might bring for old glass. The owner was glad to accept this, and the transfer of ownership was quickly made on Monday. Every day since Mr. Porter has been crawling on hands and knees between rafters and in dark, cobwebbu corners pulling out the old negatives.

He has shown portions of the collection to a few of his Washington friends, and all are agreed that he has made a rich find. For the J. Wilkes Booth negative alone he has been offered many times the entire amount the collection has cost him, but refused to even consider the tender. Mr. Porter believes that this was taken from life, though Mr. Lawrence Gardner says it must be a copy.

Edwin Booth and other relatives of Wilkes Booth bought and destroyed all known pictures and photograph negatives of the misguided assassin, and likenesses of him even in these days are reproductions. The negative Mr. Porter has is strikingly lifelike, showing Booth at his best—handsome, bold and dashing.

Of Mr. Lincoln there are negatives in five or six different positions, and Mr. Wilson, Mr. Stanton, and others are seen in numerous attitudes in the collection. The best of them Mr. Porter has had copyrighted, and as soon as all the papers are perfeced he will likely begin printing, so that the excellence of Mr. Gardner’s work can be seen and appreciated.

That this collection could have been for as many years hidden and neglected in the heart of a city like Washington is remarkable, but the collection tells its own story. The entire lot nubers between five and six thousand plates, more than half of which are likenesses of persons either celebrated or notorious at the time they were pictures, or who have since gained sistinction. Hundreds of them are of officers and soldiers of the armies of the Cumberland and Potomac, and others of naval officers and Federal employee of prominence.

What Mr. Lawrence Gardner say.

Mr. Lawrence Gardner was seen regarding the finding of the negatives, and said:

‘It is probable that Mr. Porter’s find is a part of my fathjer’s collection. My father went out of business in 1873 and died in 1882. A large part of his collection of negatives were sold to Mr. Rice, the photographer, and Gen. Ordway also secured a part of the negatives. My father’s last place of business was where the Adams Express Company is now located, and where Weleker[?] kept a restaurant during the war. We stored a lot of negatives on the shelves of that building, and afterward partitioned off a passage in front of the shelves. It may be that Mr. Porter’s negatives are a part of these.

‘Regarding the negative of J. Wilkes Booth, I will say that any negatives Mr. Porter has is a copy, for Mr. Booth never had a picture taken in this city. There are two pictures of Booth, one in a sitting posture and the other standing. Both are copies of negatives taken in Baltimore. One is on exhibhiyion at Hancock’s saloon, and the other, which may be the one discovered by Mr. Porter, was copied by my father.’ ” [Post, p.7]

[NOTE: In re J. Watson PORTER: I found him in DC as a photog. only as

follows:

1893: DC BD & CD: Watson Porter, photog., 1333 E nw

1894: DC BD & CD: Watson Porter, photog., 1333 E nw & 1111 F nw

There are Watson Porters around the country, mostly farmers. No

easy match. Other potential candidates in D.C:

1866: poss. J.W. Porter, clerk 1^st Auditor, NAG [same person?]

1867: poss. John W. Porter, clerk 1^st Auditor, NAG [same person?]

1868: J. W. Porter, Dr., clerk Treas. Dept. 337 9^th w [same person?]

1869: John W. Porter, clerk 1^st Aud.; h – 9^th w cor. L n [same person?]

1870: John W. Porter, clerk Treas.; 100 9^th w [same person?]

1871: J. W. Porter, clerk Treas.100 9^th nw [same person?]

1890: not loc

1891: CD: John W. Porter, “chf div cen o” Wormley’s Hotel [same

person?]

1892: not loc.

1895: not loc.]

GARDNER, James (1828- ? ) [Alexander Gardner’s brother]

James Gardner, by Alex. Gardner; Library of Congress

1832, Oct. 3: Born: Gorbals, Scotland [Scotland Birth and Baptism records]

1858, Jan. 26: Brady opens National Photographic Art Gallery, 350-352 Pa. Ave.,

in DC; Alexander Gardner manages the studio with bro. James Gardner

[Panzer, p.xviii]

1860: Census: DC: Age 28 from Scotland, artist; lives with many people – rooming

house?

Pre 1862: 350-352 Pa. Ave. at Brady’s studio [Cobb]

1862: 332 Pa. Ave., Gardner Bros. Gallery [Cobb]

1863: Civil War Draft Regis.: Age 34 from Scotland, photographer; at [511] 7^th St.

1863-1867: DC CD: 511 7^th St. Gardner Bros. Gallery [cobb]

[Note: Because his name is common, I have not been able to track James

Gardner after the 1860s.]

GARDNER, John J. (?-?) [Gardner Bros. Gallery][Brother of Alexander Gardner]

1862-1867: DC CD: 332 Pa. Ave., Gardner Bros. Gallery

1868: DC CD: photog., 407 H n

1869: DC CD: photog., 346 7 w

1870: DC CD: not located

1871 – 1873: DC CD: 467 Pa. Ave. nw

GARDNER, Lawrence (1847-1899)[Alexander Gardner’s son]

1847, Dec. 11: Born: Glasgow, Scotland [Govan parish register of births, Scotland]

1851: Census: Scotland: Glasgow: Age 3; lives with parents

1860: Census: DC: Age 12 from Scotland; lives with parents, Alex., and Margaret, and

younger sister Elia.

1869-1870: DC CD: NOG, likely Gardner’s

1870: Census: DC: Age 22, from Scotland, photog.; lives with parents, sister and

grandmother

1871-1878: DC CD: 921 Pa. Ave., Gardner Bros. Gallery; h = various addresses

1879: DC CD: 921 Pa. Ave., Insurance agent; h = 222 11^th sw

1880: Census: DC: Age 32, from Scotland; Life Ins. Co.; lives with wife Eliz.

1880-1887: DC CD: 419 10^th nw, Wash. Beneficial Endowment Assoc.; h =1114

Va.Ave., sw

1888-1899: DC CD/BD not researched

1899, Sept. 19: Died: Washington, D.C.

1899: Buried: Glenwood Cemetery, Wash., D.C., Sect. C, Lot 38, Site 1 [FindAGrave]

1899, Sept. 20: Obit: “District of Columbia. Death of Lawrence Gardner. Special

Dispatch to the Baltimore Sun.

Washington, Sept. 19. Lawrence Gardner, member of the

Democratic National Committee for the District of Columbia, and secretary of the National Association of Democratic Clubs, died here this morning of dropsy, superinduced by kidney troubles. His illness has been serious for the past six weeks.

Mr. Gardner was born in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1847, and came to

America when 4 years old. His father, Alexander Gardner, was a

photographer of some note. The son’s first business venture was as secretary of the Washington Beneficial Endowment Assoc. Since then he had served as director or officer of half a dozen successful corporations. At the time of his death he was treasurer and a director of St. Joseph’s Orphan Asylum.

In politics Mr. Gardner was an unswerving Democrat. For seven

years he was secretary of the Democratic Congressional Committee. He

served as secretary of the Cleveland inaugural committee, and at the

second inauguration acted as chairman of the committee on the inaugural

ball. At the centennial exercises commemorative of the corner stone

laying at the Capitol, Mr. Gardner was chairman of the executive

committee and director of ceremonies.

Mrs. Gardner was a Miss Keating. In addition to his widow two

adopted daughters, Mrs. David Moore and Mrs. Harry W. Houser, survive

him.” [Balt. Sun, p.2]

[Gardner’s Photographic Art Gallery = see Gardner Brother’s Gallery]

GEDNEY, Joseph Francis (1828 – 1903) (wrongly “Joseph T.”

Joseph F. Gedney by Root, n.d., New York [Ancestry family tree]

NOTE: Although listed as a photographer in 1871 [other years?] he was mainly a

lithographer.

1828, Nov. 4: Born Le Harve, France

1870: DC CD: 466 Pa. Ave. nw; h = Md. ave. bet 1^st and 2^nd sw

1871: DC CD: Photog., 466 Pa. Ave.; h = 124 Md. Ave., sw

1872 – 1875: see BATY

1903, Oct. 5: Died, Wash., DC

GEE, Samuel Percy (1836-1909)

[Photo: Find A Grave]

NOTE: Appears to be a photographer for only one year; thereafter naval service.

1836, Dec.: Born, Wash., DC

1850: Census: DC: Age 15 from DC.; father is a block maker

1860: Census: DC: Age 24 from DC, photog.; lives with a shoemaker and an

Upholsterer

1863: Civil War Draft Regis.: Age 28 from DC; Ordinance Dept. Navy Yard; lives on

“I” street, married

1870: Census: DC: Age 35 from DC, master mate; married to Mary, age 36 (she died

1878)

1870-1895: Naval duty; retired Sept. 1895 on disability incurred in service.

1890, Sept. 10: Marries Rachel Skinner Lambdew [DC marriage records](she dies 1894)

1900: Census: DC: Age 63 from DC, mate retired USN; married four years to Martha,

age 38; she dies 1937

1909, Jan. 17: Died of cerebral hemorrhage

1909: Obit.: “Samuel Percy Gee Dead. Stationed for many years at the Naval

Academy, Annapolis. Samuel Percy Gee died at his residence, 222

Jackson street, Anacostia, yesterday at 1:05 p.m., after a lingering illness,

in the seventy-second year of his age. Since his retirement from the U. S.

Navy, Mr. Gee has made his home in Anacostia, where he was widely

known and esteemed. Previous to that time he was stationed for many

years at the Naval Academy at Annapolis, where he made himself popular

among the people of the town and the cadets at the academy and aboard

the old schoolship Santee. On taking up his residence in Anacostia, he

became a member of the Episcopal Church, and at the time of his death

was one of the vestrymen, several of whom will serve as pallbearers at his

funeral, Wednesday, January 20 at 2 p.m.” [Evening Star, Jan 11,

1909, p. 11]

1909: Buried Congressional Cemetery plot 54-254

GEORGES, Christian S. (1840 - 1875)

1863: DC CD: Shoemaker h = 74 Pa. Ave; lives w/ Jacob Georges, also shoemaker

1863: Civil War Draft Regis.: Age 23 from Germany, shoemaker

1865: Passenger list from Hamburg: Age 25 from Hessen/Hamburg to NY;

Photographer [Question: how did he register for Civil War in 1863 but

arv. from Germany 2 years later. Two people with same name and age?]

1866: DC BD & CD: Photog., 420 Pa. Ave.

1867: Prob. left DC and moved to Missouri – see below

1870: Census: Missouri: Lexington: Age 30 from Baden; shoemaker. Three-year old

daughter born in Missouri, so prob. left DC ca. 1867

1875: Died

1875: Buried Machpelah Cemetery, Lexington, Missouri, plot block D. Grave gives

birth and death dates [Find A Grave]

GIBSON, James F. (ca. 1829 – 1875)

* Ca. 1829: Born, Scotland [1860 Census]

1851, May 24: Married Elizabeth in Edinburgh, Scotland [news story below]

1860: Census: DC: Age 31 from Scotland, photog.; lives with wife Elizabeth, age 30

also from Scotland

1860: DC CD: Artist at Brady’s 352 Pa. Ave.; h = 357 18 w

1860: Donated $5 to defend against Cutting Patent [P&FAJ, 3^rd s, v 1, May 1, 1860]

1861: Meeting of the St. Andrew’s Society elected John Reekie as Corres. Sec’y and

James F. Gibson [and others] as Managers [Nat’l Republican, Dec. 10,

1861 p. 3]

1862: “Barnard & Gibson, Prop.” copyright photographs related to Brady’s gallery [DC

1862: DC CD: Photog.; h = 357 18 w

1863: DC CD: Photog.; h = 357 18 w

1864, April 25: Court: Equity Bender et al vs Russell et al. Trustee sales of property

fronting on I street awards George Rhineheart $5,250 and James F. Gibson

$2,700. [DNI May 5, 1864, p. 4]

1865: DC CD: Brady & Co., 352 Pa. Ave

1865: DC Court: Brady and Gibson v. P. J. Bellew [NARA, Record Group 21; 444

Equity Docket #7] After Lincoln’s death, Brady made a photo of

Johnson which he copyrighted May 1, 1865. Bellew made a copy of the

photo and sold it as his own. Brady brought suit. Bellew acknowledged the infringement and enjoined from making further sales. [Cobb]

1866: DC CD & ad: Brady & Co.; h = National Hotel

1867: DC CD: Brady & Co.; h = National Hotel

1867: Gibson buys half of Brady’s studio. “In early 1867, Brady was forced to sell

half of his Washington Gallery to James F. Gibson, the establishment’s manager. Gibson ran the business into ruin, causing Brady to declare bankruptcy by 1868.” [Panzer, p.191]

1868: DC CD: Brady & Co.; h = Bunker’s Ave. House, Pa. cor. 6 w

1868, Feb. 10: Ad: “Special notice. Brady & Co’s National Photographic Gallery, 352

Penn. Avenue, Washington, D. C. Having received a new and complete set of instruments for the production of the new Cabinet Card Photograph, we are now prepared to make that popular card in the first style of the art, at greatly reduced prices. Fe8 1m [Feb. 8 1 month?] James F. Gibson.” [Daily Morning Chronicle, p. 2; and Star Feb. 19, p. 2; ad runs to ca. March 17]

1868, May 20: “In yesterday’s issue we referred to the wounding of a passenger on car

No. 9 on Penna. Ave, near Twenty-first street, on Wednesday night

[May 20]. The gentleman injured, Mr. Geo. Weitzel….Mrs. James F.

Gibson, wife of Mr. Gibson, photographer, was cut in the face by a

fragment of glass from the window through which the bullet entered. The

name of the person who discharged the weapon has not yet been

ascertained, although the police have investigated the affair.” [Daily

Morning Chronicle, May 23, p. 4]

1868, July 17: Notice: “Green & Williams, auctioneers… “Brady & Co’s Photograph

Gallery for sale at auction. By virtue of a decree passed by the Supreme

Court of the District of Columbia, in a certain cause therein pending,

wherein Matthew B. Brady is complainant and James F. Gibson et al, are

defendants, I will sell at public auction, on Thurs the 23d of July A.D.

1868 at 11 o’clock a.m. on the premises all the stock in trade, good will, materials, instruments, furniture and fixtures, &c., of Brady & Co.’s Photograph Gallery, on Penna. Avenue, between 6^th and 7^th streets west, over the banking house of Rittenhouse, Fowler & Co. The above Gallery is handsomely furnished and in complete working order…” [Evening Star, July 17, p. 3]

1868, Oct.: Moved to Kansas City, Missouri; Elizabeth and son William move back to

Scotland. [1876 news story below]

1870: Missouri: Kansas City: Gibson not located in city or business directory under

name or hats or photography.

1871: Missouri: Kansas City: CD: Gibson, James F. (Hines & Gibson); h= St. James

Hotel

1872: Missouri: Kansas City: CD/BD: Gibson, James F. (Hines & Gibson; hatters

and gents’ furnishinig goods), h = Smart House

1872: Missouri: Kansas City: Notice: “Dissolution Notice. The partnership heretofore

existing between the undersigned is this day, by mutual consent, dissolved. The business will be continued by James F. Gibson, who assumes the liabilities and is alone authorized to collect the debts of the late firm. Harry A. C. Jones. James F. Gibson, Kansas City, Mo., Oct. 1, 1872. The business heretofore carried on by myself and Mr. J. F. Gibson will be continued by him at the old stand, No. 607 Main street, and I cheerfully recommend my friends and the public to the old stand as the place to buy. Harry A.C. Hines.” [Kansas City Times, p.1]

1873: Missouri: Kansas City: CD: Gibson, James F. propr. Gibson’s Temple of

Fashion, 607 Main (new number 539)

1873: Missouri: Kansas City: CD: Patterson, Margaret Miss, cash. James F. Gibson;

h = 9^th bet. Wyandotte & Washington ave.

1873, Feb. 16: Notice: “The many friends of Mr. James F. Gibson, the well known

proprietor of the ‘Temple of Fashion,’ were gratified to see his pleasant face on the streets and at his place of business again yesterday. Mr. G. has been confined to his house by severe sickness for over a month past, and consequently has been unable to give his personal attention to his business, which will account for any lack of attention his customers may have received during his absence. He returns to business now and intends to make the ‘Temple’ soon glitter and grow bright with a new spring stock.” Kansas City Times, p.4]

1875, April 10: Died: Kansas City, Missouri.

1875, April 11: Notice: “Mr. James F. Gibson, the well known hatter, who recently sold

his establishment to Mr. Beg Wood on account of ill health, after a painful illness of six weeks, died yesterday morning at his late residence on the corner of Eighth and Harrison streets. The funeral will take place this afternoon at half past three.” [Kansas City Journal, p.1]

1875, April 11: Obit.: “James F. Gibson, who has resided in this city for many years

past, and who has always proven himself to be an energetic business man and a high minded gentleman, died at his residence yesterday morning. His loss will be deeply mourned by a large circle of friends and his widow will receive the sympathy of the entire community. [NOTE: which woman?] The funeral will be held at the late residence of the deceased, this afternoon at 3:30 o’clock, the ceremonies to be conducted by the Knights Templar.” [Kansas City Times, p.4]

1875, April 13: Death notice: “Gibson. On Saturday, April 10, at Kansas City, Mo.,

James F. Gibson, late of Washington City. [Star, p.3]

1875, Oct. 14: Notice: “Proceedings in the Law and Equity Court…Brundage vs.

Gibson. Revived in name of Margaret Patterson, executrix of defendant,

and cause continued till next term.” Kansas City Times, p.4][NOTE: See

below. Relevant?]

1875, Nov. 27: Notice: “Probate Court. Margaret Patterson, executrix of estate of J. T.

Gibson [sic; J. F. Gibson]. Ordered that said executrix lease real estate. Order heretofore made to W.J. Gibson [James’ son] changed so that there will be $156 for board and $94 for clothing during first 12 months of administration.” [Kansas City Times, p.1]

1876, Jan. 1: Ad/news: Temple of Fashion, now owned by Ben Wood & Co., purchased

from Gibson. Ad has four illustrations showing the exterior as well as the

various floors. Building is magnificent. Three stories tall, magnificently

decorated. This was no small business. [Kansas City Journal of

Commerce, p.11]

1876, March 19: News: “Divorce and Death. Wooed and Won in Edinburgh Town and

a Life of Pleasure in America’s Capital. After Which the Wife Returns to Scotland and the Husband Comes to Kansas City. Where He Becomes Fascinated by Another, and Obtained a Separation from His Spouse. But Before the Time Came for He Sickens and Dies. Mrs. Gibson Now Appears on the Scene and Asks that the Decree be Declared Void.

Here is a story, the facts of which have been culled from

about forty pages of a legal document now on file at the clerk’s office in the court house…..Just now the purpose of this article is to give the story founded upon the penmanship of an attorney in Kansas City. A story that embraces two continents, that commenced inside the walls of a Scotland town, abided awhile in the City of Washington, and terminated in Kansas City. Not terminated, either, because trouble seems about to commence in earnest, though one of the actors in the drama is in his grave.

The Facts As They Appear. There are a few people in

Kansas City today who will not remember James F. Gibson, one of a firm that formerly resided in this city—Hines & Gibson—and did an extensive business at what was then as it is now known as the ‘Temple of Fashion.’ They will also remember that the firm dissolved partnership, James F. Gibson assuming the business. He often spoke of his wife and son whom he had left over the waters, and promised many a time that he would send for them; but this he never did. They have come, but not to plant flowers over Gibson’s grave, who died months ago, and left a handsome little fortune, not to those who claim it now, but in the hands of another who nursed him in the Long Watches of the Night, saw the eyes grow dim, folded their lids and followed the dead man away to the place where dead men go.

He married his wife in Edinburgh, on the 24^th day of May, 1851. They lived a life of happiness in the gray old town that is nothing but a pile of romance, history and poetry. Then they came to America and resided in Washington City until October, 1868, when Gibson heard of the fame of the metropolis of the new west—Kansas City. Being of a speculative turn of mind he determined to come hither and here raise his Ebenezer. The arrangement was made, and his wife and son returned and took up their residence in the picturesque city of Aberdeen. There they remained until after the death of the husband and father which transpired in this city on the 10^th day of April, 1875. He occasionally sent them funds, just sufficient to keep them from want, but never enough to purchase transportation here, although they repeatedly solicited his aid for this purpose. He was prosperous here, and at his death Left An Estate in the county of Clay, over the river, valued at $5,000, besides personal effects to the same amount.

Before the death of Gibson he filed in the Law and Equity Court at Independence, on the 24^th day of August, 1874, a petition for a divorce, alleging that his wife had willfully and without reasonable cause absented herself from him for the period of one year and upwards. The legal notice appeared in an ‘obscure weekly,’ say the papers, ‘published at Independence and called the Independence Herals.’ About the 17^th of November, 1874, she was divorced from him by reason of his obtaining a decree. She sets up in her petition that the decree was null and void because the court hadn’t any right or jurisdiction over her, and that she never had either actual, legal or constructive notice of proceedings. That at the time of the commencement of suit for said divorce, and when the decree was rendered, she was living in Aberdeen by direction, knowledge and approbation of said James F. Gibson. She avers that it was always Her Intention To Live With Him in Kansas City, or wheresoever he might be, whenever he complied with his repeated promises to send for her. That she repeatedly wrote to him for funds by which she could return, and he as repeatedly refused to comply; and, further, that he told parties here frequently that he expected to send for her, and repeated these statements up to the very day upon which he filed his petition for a divorce. That he did all he could to conceal his intentions both before and during the pending of the suit.

On his death he willed his fortune to William J. Gibson

[son], minor heir-at-law, and that one Margaret Patterson, who nursed the deceased during his illness, was made executrix of the estate, and that she is now in possession of all of the personal effects of the deceased, and persistently denies the complainant any portion thereof.

Wherefore The Complainant perays the court to have the

decree set aside, because the deceased obtained the same through fraud; and she further alleges that he was not competent in mind or body when he mad such will; and she prays the court to set aside that instrument as being void and of no legal effect; and that she be placed where she may becme entitled to her dower in all the real estate, and her undivided half in all of his personal effects.

Whereupon the Sheriff is commanded to bring into the next

term of the court, to be begun in April, W. J/ Gibson, miner [sic; minor] heir at law, of James F. Gibson, deceased, and Margaret Patterson, executrix of the will of James F. Gibson, to answer the complaint of the said petition.

This Is The Story—These Are The [facts] as culled from a

legal document, of course these are whispers and strange things related. How Gibson became fascinated with the [woman?] who [sic] is the executrix of his will, and how she, knowing his position, continued to weave about him one of these singular webs which none but a woman can weave, and at last entrapped him fatedly. Some say he and Margaret Patterson were secretely married, and that they lived together secretly. But of this there is no proof.

The complainant and her son, and his wife are now in the city and will continue here until after the suit has been determined. Mr. D. S. Twitchell is her attorney.” [Kansas City Times, p.1]

1876, March 24: News: “Crooked Family Muddle. The courts of Kansas City have an

intricate web and woof to unravel, and the threads of several lives to untangle and trace. James F. Gibson, who had been in business for several years in Kansas City, died at his home there in April, 1875, leaving an estate of about $10,000 real and personal. His will made W. J. Gibson, minor, heir at law, and Margaret Patterson executrix. And now comes Mrs. James F. Gibson and her son across the ocean from Aberdeen, Scotland, and assert their claims to divide in the estate as lawful wife and legitimate son. They came to Kansas City to stay until the case is decided. Margaret Patterson, who was Gibson’s housekeeper and nurse in his last moments, refuses to make restitution, and even objects to any division of the spoils at all, and the case has entered upon a tedious process in the courts. James F. Gibson, as stated in the complaint, married his wife in Edinburgh in May, 1851. They soon afterwards came to America, and resided in Washington City until October, 1868, when Gibson sent his wife and son back to their old home in Scotland, and he went West to make his fortune. He promised to send for his family when he was safely established in business. He wrote to his wife, sent her money frequently, but never enough to enable her to secure transportation for herself and son to come to him. She often implored him to send for her, but he never did. In the meantime Gibson seems to have founded another family in Kansas City. In August, 1874, he filed a petition for divorse in a court in Independence, alleging that his wife had willfully and without reasonable cause absented herself from him for years. The legal notice appeared in an obscure weekly paper of Independence. He obtained a decree of divorce in November, 1874. The wife’s plea is, in substance, that the decree of divorce is null and void because the court had no jurisdiction over her, and that she never had any actual, legal or constructive notice of the proceedings; also, that at the time the suit was commenced and when the decree was rendered she was living in Aberdeen, by direction, knowledge and approbation of James F. Gibson, her husband. She always wanted to live with him, but he had banished her’ and now the reasons for his acts are perfectly plain. Mrs. Gibson appeared to have a strong case, but Margaret Patterson has possession. Before the case is over Kansas City expects to know all about Gibson’s crooked family.” [St. Louis Republican, p.4]

1877, Feb. 26: News: “A Case of Two Continents. A Divorced Wife Fights for Her

Son’s Inheritance. The Administratrix Puts in Her Plea for

Services Rendered and Obtains a Verdict.

The name of Mr. James F. Gibson, of the well known hat firm of Hines & Gibson, is still fresh in the minds of the people of this city.

A case was decided last night, about half past eight o’clock, which brings up and settles some questionable points in the history of a well respected citizen, now deceased. The suit which was decided last night was brought by Miss Margaret Paterson [sic], a lady both well known and well respected in this city, to recover for services rendered to the hat firm of James Gibson. It seems Mr. Gibson was married in Scotland to a very estimable lady, and the result of the marriage was six children. They emigrated to this country, and, notwithstanding they had all that wealth could furnish, five out of six of the children died. Mrs. Gibson went back to Europe with the last child, to try and save its life by a change of air. (This is the story of a friend of the family.)

Mr. Gibson then came west. He afterwards went into

business with Mr. Hines, of St. Paul, Minn., and opened a store on

the east side of Mains street, just above Sixxth, and afterwards removed to the ‘Temple of Fashion,’ now kept by Ben Wood. In the absence of his wife Mr. Gibson obtained a divorce. In the meantime Mr. Gibson employed Miss Margaret Paterson as his bookkeeper and assistant in the store. She performed some of the most arduous labot in the hat manufactory, and worked hard for her employer’s interest. She so won upon the confidence of Mr. Gibson that he made her the executrix of his will. At his death he left all he had, which was only $5,000 or $6,000 to his son, and made his bookkeeper, Miss Paterson, executrix. Mr. Gibson’s former wife returned to Kansas City from Scotland about a year ago and claimed her rights, engaging Messrs. Twitchell and Jenkins as her champions before the courts. Miss Paterson, by her attorneys, Tichenor and Warner, sued the estate for her salary while in the employment of Mr. Gibson, claiming $75 per month. The trial came off yesterday before a jury, and alst night the following verdict was rendered, after a brief absence;

‘We, the jury, find for the plaintiff, Miss Paterson,

in the sum of one thousand dollars and sixty cents. J.D.

Clayton, Foreman.’

It will not be out of place to state an effort was made during the

trial to impugn the character of Miss Paterson, but nothing in the evidence produced reflected in the least upon the lady’s character. Miss Paterson is the sister of R. S. Paterson, the wholesale liquor dealer near the Tremont, and of Mr. Paterson, the wholesale merchange on Fifth street, near Main. The case was well contested on both sides, and the legal talent brought into play was of the best.” [Kansas City Times, p.4]

1880: Census: Kansas City, Missouri:

Elizabeth Gibson, age 48, widow from Scotland. She is living with her son Willie, age 19, born in D.C.

GITTINGS, Joel Harris (ca. 1843 - 1900) [related to Joseph E?, same person?]

1850: Census: DC: Age 6 [no Joseph listed]

1865: DC CD: Photog; h = 467 D n

1865: IRS: DC: Paid $6.25 income tax; h = E 9 & 10 [Also listed is Benj. F. Gittings,

but no Joseph]

1866: DC CD: Photog; h = 8 w cor. Pa. Ave

1867: DC CD: Photog; h = E n bet 9 & 10 w

1868: DC CD: Photog, 377 E N

1869: DC CD: Photog, 389 E n

1877: Mass: Boston: CD: Photog., 503 Washington; h = 335 Tremont

1880, Sept. 25: Mass.: Boston: Marriage Joel H. Gittings, photog., age 37 born in DC,

living in Providence, to Esther M. Paine, age 40 of Boston. [US: Mass:

Marriage records] They were married in the People’s Temple Methodist Episcopal Church [Methodist Church Records]

NOTE: Esther’s sister, Harriet married Augustus Marshall, a photographer in Boston [N. Am. Family Histories: Chronicles of Ancestral Records, James Speare Loring]

1888, Oct. 9: Illinois: Chicago Voter Regis.: Joel H. Gittings, born DC, 481 Wabash

Ave., has lived in Illinois & Chicago 7 years & 5 months

1900, Aug. 3: Died of heart disease [Find A Grave]

1900: Buried Congressional Cemetery, plot 41-205 [Find A Grave]

GITTINGS, Joseph E. (? - ?) [related to Joel H.?; also Gettings]

1869: DC CD: Joseph E. Gettings, photog, 389 E n

1870: DC CD: Joseph Gittings, photog, h = 807 8 nw

GLENN, C. (? - ?)

1863: IRS: Paid $25 photog. lic. fee, traveling photog; in DC [Kelbaugh]

GODKIN FAMILY:

NOTE: Several of the family members are involved with photography. I have yet to

directly link John Godkin as a family member but given the association, they

must be relatives. Many of the males are named “William” with their middle

name differentiating them.

GODKIN, Elisabeth J. Muldoon (1844 – pre 1900) [a.k.a. “Elizabeth”; wife of W. R.

Godkin; mother of photog., Samuel E. Godkin]. She was a photographer, but

NOT as far as I can tell, ever active in DC. Her bio. however is interesting

and links to other Godkin family members who were in DC.

Ca. 1844: Born, England

1858, Jan. 7: Canada: Ontario: Carleton Place: Ad: “W. R. Godkin would

announce that he has set up his apparatus for a few days at Lavallee’s

Hotel, Carleton Place. He has a mammoth camera, expressly for taking

side-light pictures. He is now taking pictures such as Melan Types [sic],

Cameotypes, Photographs, Sphereotypes and Ambro types [sic]. He has a

new quick-working camera for all kinds of weather. Mrs. Godkin [but

see below] is also taking likenesses at the residence of Trueman

Raymond, Almonte [Ontario]. [online Carleton Place Local History,

newspaper not id. Website:

file:///C:/Users/briti/Documents/Indian%20photographers%20&%20Blackmore/Godkin/Godkin%201858%20Canada.html

1859, Nov. 16: Marriage to W. R. Godkin, NY, NY

1870: Census: NY: Watertown: Age 24 from England; married to W. R.

Godkin, photog.; four young children listed below.

1880: Census: Neb.: Platte: Age 36 from England, married to William Godkin

(farmer), children include Samuel age 16 from DC a photographer. Her

name is spelled “Elisabeth”.

GODKIN, John (? - ?) [with W. R. Godkin]

1864: IRS: Paid $4.17 photog. lic. fee (2 mo.) living near Giesboro*

Next entry is for W. R. Godkin, which see. Entry before is for F. ?. Fritz,

also photog. living Brightwood. [See Fritz & Hortning] Associated?

*Giesboro was a large estate now part of Bolling Air Force Base, Md..

From 1863-1866 it was a large cavalry depot for Union army and adjoining cavalry base.

GODKIN, Samuel E. (ca. 1862 - 1933) [son of William R. Godkin]

Ca. 1862: Born, Wash., D. C.

1870: Census: NY: Watertown: Age 6, father is W. R. Godkin, photog.;

1880: Census: Neb.: Platte: Age 16 from DC, photog. living with family incl. W. R.

Godkin, there listed as a farmer.

1880: Census: Neb.: Ft. Robinson: Age 17 from DC, apprentice photographer to his

father, W. R. Godkin.

1933, April 12: Death Antelope County, Neb. [Ancestry family tree

GODKIN, William Richard (1833/1835 - 1901)

NOTE: Godkin’s long photographic career goes far beyond his limited time in DC. Only

some highlights are listed here. See other texts for that information.

1833/1835, 19 April: Born Canada

1858, Jan. 7: Canada: Ontario: Carleton Place: Ad: “W. R. Godkin would announce

that he has set up his apparatus for a few days at Lavallee’s Hotel,

Carleton Place. He has a mammoth camera, expressly for taking side-light

pictures. He is now taking pictures such as Melan Types [sic],

Cameotypes, Photographs, Sphereotypes and Ambro types [sic]. He has a

new quick-working camera for all kinds of weather. Mrs. [Elizabeth]

Godkin [but see 1859 marriage] is also taking likenesses at the residence

of Trueman Raymond, Almonte [Ontario].”

[online Carleton Place Local History, newspaper not id. Website:

file:///C:/Users/briti/Documents/Indian%20photographers%20&%20Blackmore/Godkin/Godkin%201858%20Canada.html

1859, Nov. 16: Marriage to Elizabeth Muldoon (1844 – before 1900), NY, NY

1864: IRS: Paid $4.17 photog. lic. fee (2 mo.) living near Giesboro.*

Previous entries were John Godkin, also photog at Giesboro, and F. Fritz,

photog., Brightwood. Associated?

*Giesboro was a large estate now part of Bolling Air Force Base, MD.

From 1863-1866 it was a a large cavalry depot for Union army and

adjoining cavalry base.

1869, May 15: Photo: Ruins of Hadcock’s Factory, Watertown, NY, from a photo by W.

R. Godkin [Leslie’s vol. 28, #711, May 15, 1869, p.140]

1870: Census: NY: Watertown: Age 34, from Canada; photog. lives with wife Eliz.

and 4 children. Willie age 9 was born in NY, Samuel age 6 born

Maryland [or DC], Angelo age 3 born Penna., Clarence one month born

NY. If he was with them when born that provides locations for him.

1873: Nebraska: Lincoln City CD: William R. Godkin (Rile & Godkin); h = n s A, bet.

8 & 9 [J. L. Rile and W. R. Godkin, photog., 6 O, bet 10 & 11]

1880: Census: Neb.: Platte: Age 46, from Canada; farmer living with same family

including Samuel Godkin, age 16 from DC, also photographer

1870

1880: Census: Neb.: Ft. Robinson: Age 45 from Canada; photog. Also listed is his son,

Samuel E., age 17 from DC, apprentice photog.

1900: Census: Neb.: Columbus City: Age 67 from Canada, photog., widowed & living

alone; b’day listed as April 1833

1901, Feb. 13: Died, Mayville, Neb.

1901: Obit: “Mayville, Neb., Feb. 14, 1901.—W. R. Godkin died Thursday night [Feb.

13] at the home of his son George, after an illness of several months. Mr.

Godkin was born in Ontario, Canada in April 1835 and was among the early settlers in this section of Platte county. He leaves three sons to mourn his loss, all of whom are married. The remains were laid to rest Saturday afternoon in the Mayville cemetery, Rev. Heyward, of Humphrey, conducting the ceremony.” [The Humphrey Democrat, Humphrey, Neb.]

1901: Obit: “Information has just been received at this office that W. R. Godkin,

photographer, who formerly lived here, is dead. No particulars. He lived

and worked here in the early ‘70s, and left here for Platte Center a year or

so ago.” [Unid. Columbus, Neb. Newspaper clipping on Ancestry

Probably the Columbus Journal which carried an earlier notice about

Godkin]

GOLDIN, John & Co. – see Goldin, John for more details

1863: Ad: “John Goldin & Co., Photographers. No. 4 Market Space, bet. 8^th and 9^th

streets, one door east of Perry & Bro. Having furnished out gallery with an entire new stock, secured the most modern instruments and material, and arranged, on the most approved plan, out light, (under the immediate supervision of J. Goldin, long known to our citizens in the photographic art.) We are prepared to furnish the public with photographs, plain, in India ink, water and oil colors, from miniatures to imperial and life size; ambrotypes all sizes, cards de visite and vignettes for albums. Special attention will be paid to copying ambrotypes and daguerreotypes. We have made arrangements with Chaarles [sic] B. Fredericks & Co., photographers, New York, to keep us constantly supplied with cards de visite of all the celebrities of the day, to which we invite the attention of the public. Constantly on hand, a full supply of the most choice French albums. Also, frames of all sizes and kinds. De24 1m.” [runs 1 month into 1864] [Star Dec. 28, p. 2]

1864: Ad: Same as above in the Star and National Republican

1865: DC BD & CD: Photog., 4 Market Space

1865: DC CD: Ad: p. 207 John Goldin & Co., 4 Market Space, “One door East of Perry

& Bro’s Dry Goods Store, Wash., D.C. The undersigned having made

arrangements in New York to extend their business, are now prepared to

offer to the Soldiers one of the Best and Most Complete Stocks of specialties in our line to be found in Washington, together with increased facilities for making pictures in all the varieties of the art. We take pleasure in informing the citizens that our pictures for the last year have been pronounced by all as superior, for good likenesses, finish and style, to any taken in our city. We feel now, with all our increased facilities, able to produce work superior to any of our previous productions. We would also call the attention of the citizens to the fact that we have a complete travelling arrangement to take stereoscopic views, and are prepared to fill orders from any part of the city or vicinity. Specimens of views taken by us can be seen at the gallery. We would call the attention of soldiers to the fact that we always make a deduction from the regular prices for them, and take great pains to make them good pictures. J. Goldin & Co., (recently of Brady’s Gallery).”

GOLDIN, John (1827 – 1892) (John Golden & Co.)[Also Golden]

[Ancestry family tree]

1827, May 9: Born D. C.

1840: Census: DC: John Goldin lived there

Ca. 1852 Probably daguerreian in DC at this time. [Craig’s]

No date: Leased Plumbe’s gallery from Blanchard Paige. Employee of Whitehurst, poss.

in DC. [Craig’s]

1858: DC CD: [Dags?] 356 Pa. Ave.*; h = 564 H n bet 4 & 5 e

*Same address as Samuel C. Mills

1860: Census: DC: Age 33 from DC, dag.

1860: DC CD: [Dags?]; h = 6 4 ½ w

1862: DC CD: Daguerreotypes; h = 427 Mass. Ave.

1863: DC CD: Photog.; h = 427 Mass. Ave.

1863: Civil War Draft Regis.: John Golden, age 37 from DC, photog., lives Mass. Ave.

1864: IRS: Paid $25 photog. lic. fee for Goldin & Co., 4 Market Sp.

1865: DC BD & CD: Photog., John Golden & Co. 4 Market Space one door East of

Perry Bros.; h = 437 [sic] Mass. Ave.

1866: DC BD & CD: Photog., 4 Market Space; h = 427 Mass. Ave.

1866: IRS: Income tax: Paid $106.10 on income, carriage, watch and piano

1866: IRS: Paid $25 photog. fee; 4 Market Space

1868: Buys two story house with attic and basement frame house on 7 n bet N and O

Streets from Singleton Gilbert for $4,000 [Star, May 30, 1868 p.4]

[NOTE: See 1883 when house sold in legal case]

1869: DC CD: Photog., 4 Market Space; h = 196 7 w

1870: Census: DC: Age 45, from Va., photog.; lives with wife and 5 children. Also

living with them is Henry Brewer, photographer =, age 23 from DC

1870: DC CD: Photog., 819 Market Space nw; h = 1317 7nw

1871: DC CD: Photog., 819 Market Space nw; h = 1317 7 nw

1873: DC BD & CD: Photog., 819 Pa. Ave.; h = 1317 7 ns

1874, March 24: News: “Sudden death of Mrs. John Goldin. At the parsonage of the

Methodist Protestant church, on 9^th, near F street northwest, last night, the

many friends of Rev. Dr. E. J. Brinkhouse….gathered in his parlors… refreshments were served, and about 8:30 o’clock, as Mrs. Delia Goldin, wife of Mr. John Goldin, the photographer, was partaking of ice cream, she was seen to drop the saucer, and fall heavily to the floor. It was thought to be a fainting fit, and restoratives were applied and medical aid summoned, but all to no avail, as she died within two hours, having been unconscious from the time of the attack of apoplexy, which caused her death. The deceased was formerly Miss Delia Stevens, and was 43 years of age. She was of large physique, and when she left home early in the evening was in her usual health. Her funeral will take place tomorrow afternoon, from the 9^th street Methodist Protestant church. [Star, p. 4][She was buried in Glenwood cemetery]

1874 – 1886: DC CD: see BATY

1874: Ad: John Goldin, 819 Pa. Ave., one door east of Perry’s. [Nat. Repub.

Sept. 26, p. 3]

1883: Notice: “Chancery sale of valuable improved real estate being numbered 1317 on

7^th street nw. By virtue of a decree passed in the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia on the 25^th day of May, A.D. 1883, in the cause of Alice W. Follin vs. John Goldin et al., No. 8,551, Equity Docket 23, I will sell at public auction … on Tuesday June twelfth A.D. 1883 at five-thirty o’clock p.m. the north twenty feet front by ….east side of 7^th street between N & O streets nw. together with the improvements thereon consisting of a two story and attic and basement frame building and a brick stable in the rear. Terms of sale: $2,000 cash and balance in six and twelve months from day of sale….” [Star, June 11, p. 3]

1892, Jan. 11: Died D. C. of cerebral hemorrhage. Residence at time of death was 1016

Mass. Ave. [Glenwood cemetery records]

1892, Jan. 13: Buried Glenwood Cemetery, DC, Sect. Q, Lot 30, Site 3. He is buried with

wives Cordelia Stevens Goldin (1832-1874) and Annie M. Champayne

Goldin (1841-1925)

GORDON, L. C. (? - ?)

1862: DC BD & CD: Sells photographic materials, 250 Pa. Ave.

1864: DC CD: Sutler; h = 219 Fayette

GORMAN & JORDAN

1863: IRS: Paid $25 photog lic. fee; traveling photogs. [Kelbaugh]

GRANNISS, George Nelson (1826-1895) (sometimes, “Nelson Granniss; wrongly, Gannis)

([Marcus Aurelius] Root & Granniss, Root & Co.)

George Nelson Granniss [FindAGrave]

NOTES: ~According to the Central Conn. State Unid., Div. of History: “G. N. Grannis

owned one of the longest running professional photography studios in

Waterbury, Ct. He opened the studio in the mis 1850s. and sold his

business in the late 1880s.”

~How did M.A. Root know Granniss who lived and mostly worked in

Connecticut? Ganniss’ had a studio on Exchange Place while several

photographers in Waterbury had studios on Bank Street. One of the photographers was William King who had a studio in “Root’s Building”. My assumption is that this may be M.A. Root, or his family, and Granniss and Root’s paths crossed because of this.

1826, May 21: Born: Middlefield, Conn. [Ancestry]

1850: Census: Conn.: Waterbury: Age 23 from Conn., artist; lives with family. Father

Enos is a merchant.

1856, Aug. 2: Ad: “Root & Granniss. M.A. Root G.N. Granniss

Photographic, Ambrotype, and Daguerrean Gallery. Is now open

at No. 352 Pa. ave., near 7^th street, where photographs, colored or plain’

ambrotypes tinted and colored, new style; and daguerreotypes, are taken in

the highest perfection of the art.

The public are respectfully invited to visit our Gallery whether

desiring pictures or not. Jy29-3taw3w*” [Star, p.3][ad runs at least thru

Aug. 5]

1856, Aug. 31: “The Washington Galleries. Aug. 31, 1856. Mr. Editor… Root & Co.

[Root & Granniss] This is a new establishment. The pictures I saw were

good, mostly daguerreotypes, and a few touched and untouched

photographs. The facilities of this establishment to get up good pictures of

all the various kinds are not excelled, and when they get in full blast, we

may expect to feast our eyes. Signed, An Amateur.” [P&FAJ, vol. 9, ns.

Vol. 3 Oct. 1856, p.318]

1856, Nov. 22: Ad: “Root & Granniss, Photographic, Ambrotype, & Daguerreotype

Gallery, No. 352 Pa. ave., near 7^th st., Washington.

Photographs, plain or colored, in oil, water, or pastel; Ambrotypes

tinted and colored, new style’ and Daguerreotypes taken in the highest

perfection of the art. The public are invited to visit our gallery and

examine specimens. Prof. J. E. Churchill, Artist. Photographs in oil on

canvas, cabinet and life sized, at Root & Granniss’s nov.17-iftf” [DNI p.2]

1857, Jan. 9: Ad: “Root & Granniss, Photographic, Ambrotype, & Daguerreotype

Gallery, No. 352 Pa. ave., near 7^th st., Washington.

Photographs, plain or colored, in oil, water, or pastel; Ambrotypes

tinted and colored, new style’ and Daguerreotypes taken in the highest

perfection of the art. The public are invited to visit our gallery and

examine specimens. Prof. J. E. Churchill, Artist. Photographs in oil on

canvas, cabinet and life sized, at Root & Granniss’s nov.17-iftf” [DNI p.2]

[Ad runs to at least March 9, 1857]

1857, Sept. 1: “Washington, D.C., Sept. 1, 1857 …Mr. Grannis has left the city.”

[“Washington Galleries”, P&FAJ vol. 10, ns 4, Oct. 1857, p. 306-307]

1860: Census: Conn.: Waterbury: “Nelson Granniss” age not listed but ca. 33, from

Ct. photog.; lives with Mary Granniss age 27, prob. his wife. They live

with others in a boarding house.

1863: Civil War Draft Regis.: Age 37, from Ct., photog.

1870: Census: Ct.: Waterbury: Age 41 from Ct., photog., real estate value $10,000.

Lives with a housekeeper and several females.

1880: Census: Conn.: Waterbury: Age 53 from Ct., photog.; widower lives with three

daughters and niece. NOTE: his wife, Mary E. Granniss died Nov. 1,

1864, age 31. [Hale Colln. of cemetery inscriptions and notices]

1895, March 15: Died: Waterbury, Conn. [FindAGrave]

1895: Buried: Riverside Cemetery, Waterbury, Ct. [The monument is very ornate and

massive.]

HAAS, Philip (1808 – 1871)

* [NOTE: There is a daguerrean artist, “D. Hass” operating in Alexandria, Virginia from

1853 onwards. Mighe they be related?]

1808: Born in Amsterdam, Holland [Obit]

1839: Learned daguerrean process in France [Craig’s]

1830s: Opens studio in D.C. – one of the earliest

1839-1840: Lithographer in D.C. [wiki Photogs. of Civil War]

1839, Jan. 14: Will call letters at D. C. Post Office: Haas, Philip [Globe, p.3]

1839, Dec. 3: Ad: “Caution—The Public are respectfully cautioned against employing

Louis Nagel, a lithographic printer, as he is under contract for the ensuing

three years.

Any persons who may employ him will make themselves liable to

a suit at law, as I am determined to prosecute to the utmost extent. Philip

Haas, dec. 3-3t” [DNI, p.3]

1840, Feb. 10: News: “Outrageous and Cruel Assault. The following outrage has

occasioned no little excitement in our community. On last Thursday night, as Mr. P. Haas, lithographer, of this city, was passing along Pa. ave. to his residence, between 1^st and 2d street, he was attacked by three persons, knocked down, and most cruelly beaten. Mr. Haas received two severe wounds in his head, either from a club or a heavy cane, as it is supposed, and he was dreadfully bruised in different parts of his body. The cry of ‘murder, murder’ having been raised by Mr. Haas, caused the assailants to desist from further violence, and they quickly decamped. Mr. Haas was taken into the railroad office, which was close by the place of the attack, in a weak and deplorable condition, having bled profusely from the wounds in his head, &c. Surgical assistance was immediately had, and, on examination of the wounds inflicted on Mr. Haas, it was discovered that they were deep and severe, if not so severe as to endanger his life. We understand that warrants have been issued against three individuals, who are charged, on the oath of Mr. Haas, with having committed this cruel assault. In those warrants, issued by S. [Stetimus?], Esq., the accused are charged with assaulting with intent to kill Mr. Haas. On Friday last the accused were arrested and examined in part before Justice Thompson. As, however, Mr. Haas was unable at that time, by reason of his wounds, to give evidence, and as other witnesses were desired both for the prosecution and the defence, the final examination of the accused was postponed until this day. In the meantime, the accused were ordered to find sufficient bail in the sum of $500 each to appear

before the examining magistrate this day to answer to the serious charge preferred against them. We purposely refrain until after the final examination of the accused parties, to give their names or any part of the evidence already adduced against them.” [DNI, p.4]

1840, Feb. 12: News: “Police Intelligence. Outrage on Mr. Haas. On Monday last, an

investigation took place before Justices Thompson, Morsell, and Giberson, relative to the recent cruel assault upon the person of Mr. P. Haas last Thursday night on Pa. ave. After a full examination of numerous witnesses, which lasted nearly five hours, W. L. Brent, Esq acting as counsel for Mr. Haas, and James Hoban, Esq. as counsel for the defendants, Nagle and Cummings, the magistrate required the accused persons, Lewis Nagle, Christopher Cummings, and Baptista Gluck, to enter into sufficient security in the sum of one thousand dollars for their appearance at the next Criminal Court for the county of Washington, to answer to the charge of assaulting with intent to kill Philip Haas on the night of the 6^th inst. The accused not having found the requisite security, were fully committed to the county jail by the aforesaid magistrates.” [DNI, p.3]

1840, Feb. 13: News: “Commitment—Lewis Nagle, Christopher Cummings and

Baptista Gluck, the three persons who committed a cruel outrage upon Mr. P. Haas, lithographer, on Thursday last, have been examined, found guilty, and in default of giving security, have been committed to the County Jail.”[Madisonian, p.4]

1840, Feb. 17: News: “The Late Outrage on Mr. Haas. We learn that on Friday last,

Baptista Gluck, one of the persons lately committed to the jail of this county, in default of bail, to answer to the charge of assaulting and cruelly wounding Mr. Philip Haas, was brought under a writ of habeas corpus, before the Hon. William Cranch…[attorney names] After submitting a great deal of respectable testimony going to prove an alibi for Mr. Gluck, his counsel moved the judge to reduce the amount of bail required by the committing magistrates. This, however, was declined on the part of the hon. Judge, it appearing by the affidavit of Mr. Haas, taken before a magistrate at the instance of the counsel on both sides, that Mr. Haas swore positively that Mr. Gluck was one of the persons who assaulted and wounded him on Pa. Ave. on the night of the 6^th inst. We understand that soon after this decision of Judge Cranch, Mr. Gluck was released from prison, having found satisfactory bail to the amount of one thousand dollars.” [DNI, p.3]

1840, March 11: Notice: “Criminal Court…Two or three cases, about which the public

interest is much excited, are expected to be tried during the present term. Amongst these may be mentioned the case of Nagle, Cummins, and Gluck, charged with an assault with intent to kill Mr. P. Haas, lithographer, of this city—a case in which able counsel are retained, and in which it is understood that very conflicting and respectable testimony will be given on the trial of one of the defendants, Mr. Gluck, who was admitted to last by the Hon. Wm. Cranch, Chief Judge of the District Court.” [DNI, p.3]

1840, March 13: News: “Criminal Court…United States vs. Baptista Gluick

[sic].-The defendant was indicted and tried for assaulting and beating Philip Haas, lithographer, in the city of Washington, on the 6^th of February, 1840. The court room was much crowded during the trial of the traverser, whose defence was conducted by Messrs. Bradley and Hoban. The case was a very interesting one, and occupied nearly the whole day. Mr. Haas appeared on the witness stand with his head bound up, he not having, as it appears, yet entirely recovered from the wounds which he received on the head.

Mr. Haas swore positively that the defendant, with Lewis Nagle

and Christopher Cummings, was one of the persons who assaulted and beat him so cruelly on the night of the 6^th instant. Mr. Haas also swore that he knew the defendant well previous to the attack upon him, and could not be mistaken as to his being one of the party. A great number of other witnesses were examined for the prosecution, whose evidence seemed to inculpate the defendants, except the testimony of Mr. Young, which proved that, when he was assaulted by Nagle and Cummings, who had mistaken his person for that of Mr. Haas, and afterwards apologized to him for the mistake, Mr. Gluick, the defendant, was not with them.

On the part of the defence, an alibi was set up for Mr. Gluick, and

established to the satisfaction of the jury by several respectable witnesses, viz., the Hon. C. H. Williams and J. W. Crockett, and other gentlemen boarding at the house of Mrs. Cummings, which was also the boarding house of the traverser. An excellent character was also given of Mr. Gluick by Mr. Hassler, both as respects his deportment and his professional abilities, which had been incidentally assaulted by Mr. Haas in the course of his testimony.

The jury retired for a short time, and returned into Court with a

verdict of not guilty.

It was announced by the counsel of the defendants, Nagle and

Cummings, that they would submit their case to the Court, and introduce

some testimony in extenuation of the assault.” [DNI] [NOTE: In 1840,

Mrs. Cummings’ boarding house was the residence of John G.

Stevenson, which see. Was she related to one of the attackers, Christopher Cummings?]

1840, March 16: News: “Criminal Court, Friday, March 13, 1840. It was stated in our

last notice of the proceedings of this Court, that the counsel of Lewis

Nagle and Christopher Cummings, who were indicted for a severe assault and battery upon the person of Philip Haas, had announced their intention of submitting the case, after introducing some testimony in extenuation of the assault. This morning the case was submitted, and the Court, having heard the remarks of the defendant’s counsel in extenuation, sentenced each of them to be imprisoned one month in the county jail, to pay a fine of fifty dollars and the costs of prosecution, and further to stand committed until the fine and costs were paid.” [DNI p.4]

1840, June 17: News: Criminal Court. Philip Haas testifies in a case involving an

alleged assault and battery by Hon. Kenneth Rayner on the Hon. Mr.

Montgomery in a passage leading from the post office to the House of

Representatives. [DNI, p.3]

1841: Haas’ lithographic work mentioned several times in various newspapers.

1842: Haas’ lithographic work continues to be mentioned in newspapers.

1843, March: Ex-President John Quincy Adams sits for portrait by Haas. [SI: National

Portrait Gallery, which houses one of the three dags. made on that day]

1843, May 27: Notice: “Daguerreotype Likenesses. Mr. P. Haas, at the eastern end of

Penna. ave., is taking, and has taken, many excellent daguerreotype likenesses. Mr. H. also possesses the art of coloring his likenesses, which, we believe, is a new addition to the process. The faithful and perfect (not counterfeit) presentment of official dignitaries, Senators, M.C.’s, &c., which Mr. H. exhibits at his establishment, will convince the most skeptical of his ability to make a genuine copy of the most beautiful as well as the most homely features.

The likeness is taken in an almost incredible short space of time, and at a very moderate charge.” [Daily Madisonian, p.2]

1844-1860: In New York [Craig’s]

1850: Census: NY: NY: Age 62 from Germany, daguerreotypist; lives with

Hannah age 62 (wife?), Bertha age 15 from D.C. and Matilda, age 14 from

D.C.

1862, Jan. 17: Mustered into Army for Civil War, claimed to be 43 [wiki Photogs. of

Civil War]

1863, May 25: Resigns from army in ill health.

1871, Sept. 17: Died: Chicago, Illinois [FindAGrave]

1871: Buried: Chicago, Illinois. Jewish Graceland Cemetery, Gate 2, Sect. 1, Row 27,

Lot 127, Grave 15 [FindAGrave]

1871, Sept. 10: Obit: “Philip Haas. Philip Haas, who died a few days ago in Chicago,

was born in the city of Amsterdam, Holland. While a student at the University of Paris he was noted for his proficiency in language and engineering, and graduated with high honors. On leaving college he studied the art of daguerreotyping with Daguerre, the inventor. ON his arrival in this country, at the age of twenty-two, he was appointed lithographer for the United States government at Washington, and was allowed a room in the Capitol to experiment with a camera. Mr. Haas took the first successful picture with a camera in the city of Washington. He then removed to New York and opened a daguerreotype gallery in the old Defarge Building, corner of Broadway and Reade street, and continued in his profession until the outbreak of our civil war, when, although at an advanced age, he immediately offered his services, which were accepted by the government. He served as lieutenant and major on Generals Gilmore’s, Hunter’s and Mitchell’s staffs, in the Department of the South. Since the war he [?] in retirement, being too old to engage in active pursuits.” [NY Daily Herald, p. 10][Also appeared in the Alex. Gazette, Va.]

HACKER, T. S. [Possibly Thomas Sleeth Hacker (1813-1866); spent time in Virginia]

1864: IRS: Assessed $6.67 income tax; photographer at Armory Hospital [Union Army

hospital on the National Mall. It became the Army Medical Museum.

Demolished 1964 to make way for the Air & Space Museum.]

HAGAR, H. = see HAGER

HAGER, Henry (1832 - 1863)[also Hayer and Hagar (New York Picture Gallery)

1832, March: Born, NY [Cemetery records]

1850: Census: NY: Dix: Age 18 from NY; boatman

1854: In DC over Gilman’s Drug Store, Pa. Ave, bet. 6 & 7 [see Woodbridge, J.J. &

C.D. Stewart entries]

1854, July 15: Ad: “25 Cent Daguerreotypes. The Great New York Picture Gallery is

flourishing rapidly. After the departure of Hayer [Hager], it has fallen

into the hands of Prof. Stewart, who is taking those beautiful pictures by the new French process. I have in my employ Prof. Stiltz, who is not only one of the best daguerrean artists in the United States but in the world, and we guarantee to suit all who may favor us with a call in Penna. Ave., between 6^th and 7^th streets, over Gilman’s Drug Store, at the old stand of J. J. Woodbridge. jy15-1t*” [Star]

1855, Jan. 2: Marries Emma Helms, Manhattan, NY [Dutch Reformed Church Records]

1855: Census: NY: Schuyler: Age 23 from NY, Daguerreian, lives with wife Emma

age 20, no children [Two children are born – one in 1856 and one in 1858

1858-1860: New York: Daguerreian 392 Bowery, NY, NY [Craig’s]

1860: Census: NY: NY: Age 28 from NY; Photog. artist, living with [2^nd?] wife Mary

and two children.

1862, Oct. 16: Notice: “Supreme Court [Buffalo, NY]. Caroline W. Jewett, plaintiff,

against Henry Hagar and Mary Hagar his wife, [and several other people]

Receiver of the Genesee Mutual Insurance Company, defendants.”

Summoned to answer complaint within 20 days after service of notice…

[Buffalo Courier, Jan. 13, 1863]

NOTE: Money was owed to Jewett. Judgment Jan. 14 was in favor of

her. The result of which is a piece of property was to be sold on Feb. 11.

No address or names attached. One wonders if his wife Mary had to deal

with loss of husband and her home at the same time, or if this was only an

empty lot. [Buffalo Courier Feb. 5,1863]

1863, Jan. 13: Died [cemetery records]

1863: Buried Reynoldsville Cemetery, Schuyler Co., NY

HALL & COMPANY [most likely Allen Freeman Hall & Jackson W. Bell]

1859, July 9: News: “We paid a visit, this morning, to the ambrotype gallery of our

friends. Hall & Co., over Cissell’s drug store, and found it crowded with

persons who were anxious to have their pictures painted by the sun. It is

by no means wonderful that their establishment should be crowded, for

their pictures are unsurpassed for their clearness and beauty, and their

prices are almost fabulously low. Do not fail to pay a visit to Hall & Co’s

25-cent ambrotype gallery, corner of Bridge and Congress streets. They

are enterprising and worthy young men, and first rate artists, and should

receive a generous and liberal support. Observer.” [The States, p.3]

[NOTES: ~~The location appears to be the same as the old Smallwood studio.

~~Jackson Ward Bell is most likely given 1860 address etc. Allen

Hall was business associate of Bell, so likely his company.

1859, July 14: News: “Georgetown… If you want to see yourself as others see you, (we

mean the form and features) just go to Hall & Co’s ambrotype

gallery, corner of Bridge and Congress streets, over Cissell’s drug store. Here you can obtain a likeness, unsurpassed by those taken at any establishment in the District, and upon as reasonable terms. Just stop and take a look at the life like specimens of his art at his gallery--likenessses of some of our citizens—and we will guarantee that the temptation to obtain your own will be irresistible.” [Star, .p.3][NOTE: Bridge St. became M Street; Congress St. became 31^st Street]

1859, July 18: Ad: “Hallo! Where have you been? To Hall & Co’s ambrotype gallery to

have my picture taken. What did you give for it? Twenty-five

cents—case and all. Good bye, I am going there too, and advise all my friends to do the same, -- remember, Hall & Co., corner of Bridge and Congress streets, over Cissell’s drug store, Georgetown. Jy 12 1w” [Star, p.4]

HALL, Allen Freeman (1832- after March 31, 1893) (Hall & Co.)(Bell & Hall)(Weitfle &

* Hall)

[NOTE: Allen was the husband of Sarah F. Bell, of the Bell family of photographers,

which see. He was also in business with and was close to Charles Weitfle,

which see]

1832, Nov. 11: Born: Warwickshire, England [Ancestry: Birth notices in Hall family

Bible; 1870 Census]

1832, Nov. 25: Baptised, Stoke, Warwickshire [Warwickshire baptismal records]

1850: Census: Va.: Spottsylvania: Age 17 from England; lives with father William,

age 40 miner from England, and mother, Ann, age 39 from England

1857, Dec. 15: Marriage to Sarah Francis “Fannie” Bell, Wash., D.C.

[DC Court: Marriage records]

1858, Feb. 2: Birth: Frank H. Hall born D.C. [NOTE: Might the family already have

been involved in business in South America and this detail

becomes confused on Frank’s death cert.?]

[1859: SEE Hall & Co. – likely Allen Freeman Hall and Jackson W. Bell]

1860: Census (compiled/substitute): New Jersey: Allen F. Hall lives in Newark, N.J.

no other details

1861: NJ: Newark: CD: Allen F. Hall, ambrotypist, 123 Broom St.

1861, Feb. 26: Birth: Son Allen Bell Hall, Newark, N.J.; lives on 138 Warren St.

1863: Civil War Draft Registration: DC: Age 31 from England, artist. Lives on F St.

1863, June 9: IRS: Paid $25 photog license fee as Weitfle & Hall [Charles Weitfle &

Allen Freeman Hall]; no address, traveling photogs.

1864, June 13: Letter written by Francis Bell to Sec’y Stanton attempting to procure

release of brothers-in-law: “Washington, June 13^th. Attn. E. [?, not “M”]

Stanton Sec’t War. Dear Sir. Your petitioner being well acquainted with Thos. Manuel and Joseph Hall who are now Prisoners at Carroll Prison [a row of houses used as jail for political prisoners razed in 1887 to make way for Lib. Of Congress] in this City is very desiours of obtaining their release upon the grounds 1^st That they have both assured me that they have not participated in this Rebellion state by bearing arms against the Government. 2^nd they are willing to the to abandon also their former predjuices & take oaths of allegiance to the [?] of the United States & conform to it. 3^rd that when arrested they were at home endeavoring to comfort their family.” [The rest of the letter was not copied by the Bell family tree poster including signature, nor was the location of the original noted.][The prisoners were exchanged – see 1864, July 15]

NOTE: Joseph Hall and Allen F. Hall must be related other than being related by marriage into the Bell family. Joseph Hall was married to Francis Bell’s wife’s sister, Jane. He and Thomas Manuel was imprisoned May 25, 1864 in Spotsylvania Co., Va. as a confederate. [Civil War Prisoner of War Records] Allen F. Hall was married to Francis Bell’s daughter Sarah F. Bell, not to be confused with Francis Bell’s wife Sarah B. Wood.

Additional family information: